# All Questions

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### Can I simulate AES-ECB with other block cipher mode?

I am trying to write some code using the Web Crypto API (http://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#algorithm-overview) which provides only some of the block cipher modes for AES, intentionally excluding ...
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### what is wrong in my Rijndael that gives me this?

I'm using the Rijndael classes from .net System.Security to Encrypt my RSA Keys this is how I set it up: ...
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### Prime Numbers in Discrete Log

I am implementing a security protocol based on discrete log. I came across the equation $p = kq + 1$. Understand that based on number theories that both $p$ and $q$ should be large enough to be ...
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### Diffusion in Stream Cipher

The diffusion property of a cipher defined by Shannon refers to the ability of a cipher to cause a lot off bits in the cipher text to be modified when even a single bit in the plaintext is flips. ...
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### Encryption and HMAC in a PSKC file

This is the PSKC standard https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6030.txt In Section 6.1 6.1. Encryption Based on Pre-Shared Keys They have the following ...
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### Show that $-3P_1-2P_2+6P_3=0$

If $E/\mathbb{Q}$ the elliptic curve $y^2=x^3+x^2-25x+29$ and $$P_1=\left (\frac{61}{4}, \frac{-469}{8}\right ), P_2=\left ( \frac{-335}{81}, \frac{-6868}{729}\right ) , P_3=\left ( 21, 96\right )$$ ...
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### Why should an Initialization Vector (IV) be supplied externally

My software uses a 3rd party encryption appliance. One of the capabilities they allow is for client software to supply an IV. i have been trying to understand - why would they not generate a random ...
1k views

### Why shouldn't I use ECB encryption?

I'm using Java to generate encrypted strings, and I get this warning at build time: ECB encryption mode should not be used So I'm wondering why I shouldn't use ECB and what I can use instead?
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### Protocol composition [closed]

I have been trying to wrap my head around different definitions of protocol security (stand alone, sequential composition, parallel composition, universal composition) and how the proofs of any of ...
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### Ransomware RSA-1024 encrypted files [closed]

Sorry if this is not the right place to ask this question, but it seemed most relevant to the Cryptography topic. One of the users on our domain was infected with a ransomware virus that caused all ...
152 views

### Generalize the Merkle–Damgård construction for any compression function

I am trying to figure out this question: Generalize the Merkle–Damgård construction for any compression func­tion that compresses by at least one bit . You should refer to a general input ...
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### How to verify the result of repeated squaring method

I am wondering that is there any way to check that the result of repeated squaring is correct or not Suppose we have a calculator (like Casio FX 570ES, ...), and we want to calculate x^d ≡ n If any ...
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### Why can't Homomorphic encryption schemes support algorithms with conditions/branching?

If it isn't already apparent from the title of my question, i should make clear that I have only a very basic understanding of homomorphic encryption. I would like to know why homomorphic encryption ...
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### Which multiplicatively homomorphic encryption scheme supports encryption of 0?

I want a multiplicatively homomorphic encryption scheme that supports encryption of 0 (e.g. Elgamal doesn't support). I also want the multiplication to be operated on the ciphertext of 0, i.e., if ...
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### KPA on Feistel cipher?

I heard that DES is technically “broken” because of attacks involving large amounts of known plaintext. These attacks are obviously academic and highly complicated, so for some intuition I was hoping ...
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### Significance of 3mod4 in squares and square roots mod n?

Why do most literature while discussing squares or square root modulo a prime P, consider P to be congruent to 3 mod 4?
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### Do Brute-Force Attacks and Cryptanalysis refute Kerckhoffs's principle?

According to Kerckhoffs's principle "A cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge." Now I want to throw in a provoking formula of mine which ...
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### power consumption in a XOR

I'm trying to understand how a XOR affect traces of power consumption in a Differential Power Analysis on smartcards. What's the difference in energy radiated in a $1 \oplus 1$ and in a $0 \oplus 1$? ...
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### Brute force against computational security

One-time pad is secure under brute force with respect to either of the definitions \begin{align} \Pr[M = m] &= \Pr[M = m | C = c]\\ \Pr[C = c | M = m_0] &= \Pr[C = c | M = m_1] \end{align} ...
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### Simple Encrypted Message, With Key Included [on hold]

Hi minds of Stack Exchange, today I present you the mysterious message that has been troubling my mind for the past one hour: From: 25 - 5()1 - 31 - 15(-)d Grade: 55 - 2（-) Class: 44 - ...
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### Proving the existence of a pseudorandom function

I've been reading the Introduction to Modern Cryptography book by Katz and Lindell as part of my own learning and have come across this exercise which I am not sure how to approach. The exercise is: ...
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### How many times can a key be used for HMAC-SHA256 before it needs to be rotated?

If I wanted to use hmac for proving that a value hadn't been tampered with, how many times can I use a key before it needs to be rotated?
129 views

### Compact digital signature for noisy data

The question asks for a signature scheme, with a public verification procedure, that is tolerant to minor alterations of the signed data during its transmission [possibly in analog form over some ...
142 views

### Using modulus in one time pad?

I would like to know what is the real purpose of using a modulus in the equivalent of a Vernam cipher: Data $d$, large number $M$. Assume the key length is $\lambda$ bits. Then $M$ could be ...
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### Synchronize one time password algorithm [on hold]

I have an iOS application and php server . I have searched a round TOTP and found some open source about objective c and php . but when comparing between token from php and iOS application its ...
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### Modifying algebraic secrecy message to use digital certificates

I have the following message: sign((M’, T$_A$, sign((encrypt((encrypt(M, $K_{pbB}$), M’), K), T$_B$), $K_{sB}$)), $K_{sA}$) Sign is used for signature generation. Encrypt is used for ...
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### Implement deniable encryption with AES/RSA

I'm on a crypto app using OpenSSL (I'm more an implementer/cryptographer than a cryptologist), mainly as a hobby, for now. My app will be able to encrypt a file (not a container) with symmetric or ...
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### Obliviously computing the Least common multiple of two poylnomials

Consider I have two polynomials $f_1$ and $f_2$ of the same degree. I want to secure them (using any kind of encryption except FHE) and outsource them to an untrusted server. I want him to compute the ...