# All Questions

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### Can we use the sponge construct to efficiently authenticate any cipher?

The sponge construct facilitates authenticated encryption independently of the function used to mix its state. Could we use any strong cipher (i.e. AES-256) as the mixing function in a sponge to ...
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### Confidentiality then Integrity with different keys

Can anyone describe how we can do what is said in the below sentence which is in Mark Stamp crypto slides (PPTX) on slide number 101 : Can do a little better - about 1.5 “encryptions” The whole ...
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### Is it safe to use a key as message in keyed hashing (HMAC)?

Scenario: User gives password. A "password key" is derived from the password (e.g. by PBKDF2). A random salt is applied. The password key is hashed with a HMAC algorithm (e.g. HMAC-SHA256), with ...
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### Why is the compression function in Miyaguchi-Preneel scheme secure?

I was reading about the Miyaguchi-Preneel scheme and had difficulty in understanding why the compression function, $h(H,m)=E(H, H \oplus M) \oplus M \oplus H$ can be called secure. The only resource I ...
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### Reykeyed AES in CTR mode as a stream cipher

Suppose one uses AES in CTR mode to generate a keystream, but every $l$ bytes the $n$ bits that would follow are used as a new AES key. Assuming that AES is a secure PRP: Is this a secure stream ...
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### Does SIV mode work for asymmetric crypto?

In ECIES and similar schemes, is it possible to use a hash of the plaintext as the IV?
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### Effect of the birthday bound on AES-GCM

What is the effect of the birthday bound on the security of AES-GCM, when a very large number of messages are encrypted? I am looking for attacks that are useful in obtaining information about the ...
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### Is this a better GCM?

Using the keystream from the block cipher for both parts of the GMAC key (initialization and encrypting the auth tag) seems to produce a better mode of operation than GCM, as successful forgeries and ...
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In the Mac-forge experiment, the adversary is given access to a tag-generation oracle, which generates a tag for each message given by the adversary. The adversary's task is to generate a valid tag on ...
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### Can an attacker recover the key if a Poly1305 collision is known?

Suppose that messages $m_1$ and $m_2 \neq m_1$, both known to the attacker, are both MAC'd through Poly1305 with the same key. By chance, these two messages hash to the same value. The attacker ...
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### Weighted secret sharing scheme?

Is there a secret sharing scheme where secrets can be weighted, and that you need a total weight of $1$ to unlock the secret? I know that you could, of course, just figure out every subset that has ...
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### Caculated time One Point Multiplication with double and method

I am using double and add method for point multiplication in affine coordinates. How we compute 1PM in double and method? Di Wang said one point multiplication consists of repeated addition and ...
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### Attribute based access control and role based, online bookstore example

I am asked to answer a question that says: One online book-store wants to grand access to clients regarding their subscription. There are 3 types of subscriptions A , B and C. Customers get access ...
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### Breaking Vigenere via Kasiski/Babbage method? (non-programmatic)

I'm really hoping someone can explain to me what is going on in the second major component of this form of analysis. If you wish, for convenience, here's a page that already has some ciphered text ...
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### Faster discrete Gaussian sampling

Our goal is find a faster discrete Gaussian sampling to solve $"SVP"$ problem in lattice: A lattice is discrete subgroup of $R^n$ such that define as below: let $\{b_1,\cdots ,b_n\}$ be a basis in ...
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### Data integrity using steganographic methods

I am looking for a lightweight and fast (almost real time) data integrity checker for a very time critical application. Is it possible to provide data integrity using a steganographic method, lets say ...
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### When we use one time pad TWICE in two different ways

Assumption and Notations: All the values defined over the field $\mathbb{F}_p$, where $p$ is a large prime number. We denote multiplicative inverse of value $v$ by $v^{-1}$. All values are non-zero ...
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### Need help with PKCS#12 3 key triple des key expansion

I am trying to decrypt PKCS8-Shrouded Key Bag inside a PKCS#12 pfx file. The oid for the encrypted data is PbeWithSHAAnd3-KeyTripleDES CBC. Iteration count and salt has been provided within the pfx ...
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### Diffie-Hellman, RSA and the types of public key cryptography

Are these schemes fundamentally different? Are other schemes fundamentally different in the sense that you can do different operations with them (or the same operations, but needing different ...
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### TPM specification physical presence requirements

I am looking at TPM Main-Part 1 Design Principles_v1.2_rev116_01032011 and on page 69 of pdf, equivalent to page 57 of the document itself,there is comment on physical presence as follows: "Observe, ...
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### Keys and key-stretching when authenticating requests?

I'm making a REST application and still a bit confused about this issue. basically, to authenticate incoming requests, I give out userId, issued timestamp, expiry timestamp (normally 3 months after ...
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### How to apply linear cryptanalysis to PRESENT?

Can someone help me implement linear cryptanalysis of the PRESENT block cipher? How should I start with 64 bits of plaintext and 80 bits of key?
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### 802.1X Radius WLAN protected by certificate 1024-bit key

I want to ask you a question. I have WPA-2 (enterprise) network. Also called as 802.1x. I use the Linux Zeroshell distribution, which is optimized for these services. Linux Zeroshell is provides a ...
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### AES-GCM Hash sub key parameter in Intel's IPsec library

I am trying to use Intel's optimized AES-128-GCM implementation (from the Intel white paper “Fast Multi-buffer IPsec Implementations on Intel Architecture Processors”, you can find the code here). ...
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### Is there a fast implementation of RSA for Microcontrollers?

Zhe Liu, Johann Großschädl, and Ilya Kizhvatov. "Efficient and Side-Channel Resistant RSA Implementation for 8-bit AVR Microcontrollers" describes a fast implementation, but only contains a sketch of ...
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### Applying Vigenere on small strings with sorting capability

I am new to cryptography and have a question about a use of Vigenere cipher in the case of small strings. I'd like to encrypt keywords that are smaller than 10 characters. If I use Vigenere ...
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### Clarification on the state of the art of qubit commitment

What is the current state of research on quibit commitment? It seems that the answer is not 2001 but it seems to me that a lot of these pdf are referring to a old protocols of quantum bit commitment ...
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### Does OEAP padding limit the size of my modulous to the size fo the hash function?

im looking at wiki at the moment as how to use oeap padding and it appears, help me out if im wrong as G(r) - expands r to the size of the padded message, I am then limited by the size of my hash ...
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### Cryptographic operations for NISTP256 can be implemented using montgomery method?

I need to implement cryptographic operations starting with the curve NISTP256. I have been told to implement it using Montgomery method. I read a pfd from ...
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### Edwards / Montgomery ECC over binary extension fields

I recentely had a discussion about the redesign of our ECC code for the library I'm collaborating on and the person I was discussing with came up with Edwards and Montgomery curves over binary ...
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### Does the RSA algorithm use repeated squaring?

Simple question: in order to reduce such huge exponents in modular arithmetic, is repeated squaring used in RSA or is there a better way to implement it?
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### How to check the signature without the predetermined function in ECDSA from openssl?

I'm developing a client for a two-factor authentication in Qt/C++ under openSUSE 13.2, 64bit. I've got the FIDO U2F Security Key from yubico/fido. I'm using the classes from openssl, in particular ...
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### Does CP-ABE have any disincentive to share secret keys

I want to use a CP-ABE scheme to encrypt data to be accessed by multiple unknown (at time of encryption) users. Reading the papers related to CP-ABE, there does not appear to be any disincentive for ...
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### How to find the integer multiplicand from given two points?

I have two points on an elliptic curve $P(x_1,y_1)$ and $Q(x_2,y_2)$ and a scalar value $x$, where $P=x \cdot Q$. What is the best way that I could figure out the value of $x$? Given that I know all ...
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### Upper bound on r* on page 7 in the Scale Invariant Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the Integers paper

I was hoping to get some clarification on how the bound on r* was calculated (bottom of page #7). I'm trying to reproduce the results that have been shown, however I keep getting a slightly smaller ...
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### Is this ECC based messaging method secure?

I developing an encrypted messaging for ZeroNet (aP2P file-based network, website: zeronet.io) and would like to have some guidelines if any of this could work. My first idea: In ZeroNet every user ...
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I've read the following paper and have one question on it. M. Luby and J. Staddon, "Combinatorial Bounds for Broadcast Encryption", EUROCRYPT'98. On page 523 (12th page of the paper) the authors say ...
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The below equation is mentioned in Homomorphic Encryption and the BGN Cryptosystem (pdf, page 4): Mult(pk, $C_1$, $C_2$): Choose $u \xleftarrow{R} [1, n]$ and output $D = \hat{e}(C_1, C_2) \cdot ... 0answers 62 views ### Calculating Phi(M) and D for RSA decryption given p,q,e I've been given a message in 4 digit numbers but it doesn't seem to work when I use my calculated values for phi(m) and d. If I'm correct phi(m) = (p-1)(q-1) correct? And d is given by ed = ... 0answers 21 views ### Proving for a single input vs several inputs. Is there any difference? I am working on a new protocol for pattern matching. While defining the ideal functionality, it is possible to say: Alice sends$p$and Bob sends$T\$ to the ideal functionality. i.e. searching for ...

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