# All Questions

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### Demonstrating Diffie-Hellman key exchange using only p, A, B;

I'm trying to figure out how to demonstrate DH key exchange using what is given to me. I'm unsure of how to tackle the problem. Question: Demonstrate Diffie-Hellman key exchange. Given p=104933, ...
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### Testing hardware random number generators? [closed]

I would like to know how to test hardware random number generators. What techniques, tools or tricks to solve the problem ? Any practical difficulties, implementation complexities etc.
102 views

### No of keys used in Triple DES Algorithm

I am studying Triple DES. I have got two basic questions. One, why are we following a sequence like encrypt(decrypt(encrypt)); what is the problem using a sequence encrypt(encrypt(encrypt))? ...
92 views

### AES CBC encoding of decomposable OAuth2 tokens

We're building a stateless RESTful API that relies on the content of OAuth2 tokens to identify users and what they have access to. Users authenticate with other means and are given a token, which they ...
106 views

### DES-encrypted cipher

Suppose that you knew that a plaintext was encrypted with DES and consisted only of 16-bit Unicode letters, numerals, and punctuation marks available on a standard English-language QWERTY keyboard. ...
53 views

### Digital Signature with Encryption

Hope it will be clear. I need to digitally sign pieces of information. What I'm currently doing is the following (for each piece of information): Run SHA1 on the information Encrypt the result with ...
246 views

### how do you calculate the private exponent in asymmetric key encryption [duplicate]

Here is an excellent paper on the math of asymmetric key encryption: http://www.mathaware.org/mam/06/Kaliski.pdf‎ See the example on Page 6. The public key = $55$ Primes used to calculate public ...
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### Testing a steganalysis technique on realistic data [closed]

I'm developing a new image steganalysis technique, and I'd like to test how effective it is in practice. How could I do this? Are there such things as standard "test vectors" for steganalysis?
112 views

### Generate random in secure message transfer

I’m doing a school assignment about secure communications between a Server and a Client. Basically, messages are exchanged between the clients and the server and these communications must implement ...
103 views

### A replay attack question

Which of the following protocols is susceptible to replay attack :- 1) A -----> B username, password 2) A -----> B username, h(timestamp,password) 3) A -----> B username timestamp, ...
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### Enhance CSPRNG output [duplicate]

If I XOR the output from 2 CSPRNG will the result be better (more random) than the output from either one? Assume one of the PRNG is biased.
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### Tamper-evident audit logs

I want to be able to detect tampering in a log file that is under the control of an untrusted party. I am not interested in secrecy, only the integrity of the contents in the file - so I want to ...
52 views

### Asymptotic Hash Function and Concrete Hash Function

I'm reading Collision-Resistant Hashing: Towards Making UOWHFs Practical, and they say that its formalization is non-asymptotic. Why is the formalization non-asymptotic? What is an example of hash ...
223 views

### XOR cipher Pseudo-random key strength

When implementing a XOR cipher with a pseudo-random key equal in length to the plaintext, Is there a significant difference in potential key strength between keys drawn from a pool of either 1000 or ...
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### Biometric authentication [closed]

I see in some “Authentication schemes with biometric” papers that those authors wrote a phase as password and biometric update phase. My question is that why we may needs biometric update phase? Is ...
153 views

### What is the difference between various modes in FPE?

Format preserving encryption has three modes FE1( FFX) , FE2(VAES) , FE3(BPS) . All of them are based on Feistel Networks .Can somebody explain how they differ from each other ?
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### Hash of multiset of values, which lets me compute the hash of the union

Cryptographic hash functions normally take as input a bitstring. I am looking for a hash function that takes as input a finite multiset of values. In other words, given $S \subset \{0,1\}^*$, I want ...
173 views

### DSA generate signature and verify

I'm trying to generate a signature for DSA with the following parameters: $p = 23$ , $q = 11$ , $g = 3$ , $H(m) = 8$ , $x = 5$ for the life of me, I cannot choose a random $k$ ($0 > k > q$) ...
145 views

### Is AES a linear hash?

So, having read a variety of documentations on AES encryption, I came to the unknowledgeable conclusion that the key schedule applied to the array of chunks, and not just the 14 cycles on a single ...
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Assume that sender and recipient both already have each others public keys(certificates). Sender needs to generate session key to encrypt some data and sends encrypted data to recipient. All offline - ...
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On page 11, definition 2 of "Simultaneous Hardcore Bits and Cryptography Against Memory Attacks", the paper outlines the following steps (PK,SK) public key and secret key are generated by defender ...
108 views

### Create a field in PBC

Edited (I removed the emphasize on Integers): My question is partly cryptography and partly programming, I would appreciate any help on any aspect of it :) I want to use PBC library to do the ...
77 views

### Different patterns of different paterns, wildcard [closed]

I'm not realy experienced with programming and such but I am wondering if the following could be implemented in, lets say, python we have the following ciphertext sequence ...
86 views

### Best hash size for hash trees

I want to know if having a 8-byte hash value is better than 16-byte hash value for use within hash trees. My mind tells me that the shorter the hash value, the better. But doesn't a smaller hash ...
218 views

### How is SSL secure from rogue Certificate Authorities?

There's one thing that I've never quite understood about SSL (which perhaps means I don't understand SSL at all): how is SSL secure from rogue Certificate Authorities? This is probably best ...
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We're building a data service that is expected to go out through a single "fat pipe" channel. The design requirement says that the data in the channel must be protected by authentication and ...
87 views

### Sematically Secure McEliece

I am read the Lemma 2 (pp13) in the paper "Kazukuni Kobara and Hideki Imai: Semantically Secure McEliece Public-Key Cryptosystems –Conversions for McEliece PKC– (PKC 2001)". Related to the question ...
174 views

### RSA - Ecrypting the same data with the same public key = same ciphertext?

If an adversary knows my public key and guesses what was my plaintext, can he test for it somehow? The most obvious way is encrypting the guessed plaintext with my public key and the same parameters ...
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### PBKDF2 when dkLen and hLen have the same size

I was reading RFC 2898 and something is not clear to me. When I use PBKDF2 with SHA-256 and I want a derived key with length 32 bytes (the same length as my hash function output), your derived key ...
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### Ways to protect flash player against MITM diffie hellman

We have a server, which sends content encrypted with AES128 or RC4 to a flash client over an insecure HTTP channel. The encryption key is negotiated using Diffie Hellman. The problem: Diffie ...
189 views

### RSA Signature - Multiple Use Weakness

I cite from Fundamentals of Computer Security (Chapter 7 on Digital Signature, Paragraph 7.3 on RSA Signatures, page 289): Multiple uses of the RSA Signature scheme tend to weaken it. The way out ...
181 views

### ECDSA - point order criterion

i am creating some primitive demostration for ECDSA over small curve (p < 229). But my implementation have some weird issues. Verify process return false even if the signature is correct. Because I ...
227 views

### How can we find Public key have only 8 or 16bits? How many messages does Eve need to know the Public key in RSA?

Suppose Alice sends messages to Bob by encrypting the messages with Bob's public key. Eve knows that the data is encrypted using RSA, but does not know the public key. Can Eve figure out the public ...
272 views

### Implementing Paillier Signature Scheme in Delphi

I've been trying to implement the Paillier Signature Scheme in Delphi, but I can't get it to work and I don't know where the problem is. First of all, I got my info about the scheme from this paper. ...
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### Books on cryptography mathematics

I am currently reading the Book Understanding Cryptography from Cristof Paar. I am enjoying the book but i don't like to scratch the surface when it comes to cryptography. I would like do dig a little ...
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### Crypto library that supports ElGamal PET and Mixnets

I am looking for a crypto library that supports VOTING primitives. Specifically: - Zero-knowledge Proofs - Mixnets - ElGamal Plaintext Equality Test (PET) - Commitments UniCrypt is one of the ...
18 views

### Proving that an encryption scheme is susceptible to certain attacks

I'm currently trying to prove the following: Where p is a prime number of cryptographic size, prove that: e(m) = am + b (mod p) where a and b are private is open to a known plaintext attack e(m) = ...
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### Need some help to break a cypher text using unknown cypher [on hold]

I am a programmer and studied quite a bit of math, but I am a cryptography newbie. I browsed through this website, and I am awed. I need help decrypting a letter that was given to me as a ...
24 views

### Cipher for human interpretation [duplicate]

Please suggest algorithms to encrypt and decrypt text messages that can be easily performed by human in a considerably short time. It doesn't have to be really secure, but sufficient to fool ...
48 views

### Converting a number to a member of a multiplicative cyclic group

I am currently trying to make an implementation of the ElGamal encryption for educational purposes. As I understand it, when using the encryption with multiplicative cyclic groups, one generates a ...
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### Why do Certificate Authorites cross-sign each other? [on hold]

In cryptography, a Certificate Authority (CA) issues digital certificates to certify the ownership of a public key by the named subject of the certificate. What is the rationale for CAs cross-signing ...