# All Questions

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### Is ed25519 a “hash signature”

Writing my last question, I saw the hash-signature tag. I tried to research it best I could, but I'm simply overwhelmed in this field. I don't think it means to simply hash data before signing, but ...
585 views

My question is related to PBKDF2. I am unsure how to validate user entered password with already existing hashes and salts. I have heard of the so called "length-constant" comparison which basically ...
195 views

### Storing password or derived key in keychain?

Currently I am developing an application that stores and reads encrypted data. The data is encrypted with AES and the actual AES key is derived from the users password (and some nonce) with PBKDF2 ...
78 views

### $f : \mathbb{Z}_n \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}^\times_n$?

Is there any function $f : \mathbb{Z}_n \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}^\times_n$ that is invertible? By invertible, I mean it given $y \in \mathbb{Z}^\times_n$, it should be easy to find $x \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ ...
8k views

### Difference between Rijndael 128 / 256 blocksize implementations? (and impact of block size in general)

Can anyone shed some light onto the advantages/disadvantages of using Rijndael with 256-bit block size, as opposed to the 128-bit (AES) implementation? (please note: I'm not referring to key-size here)...
158 views

### Standard or guidance for entropy collection

I need to write some high-level security requirements which include a random number generator suitable for use in cryptography. I don't need something very formal, this isn't a security certification ...
105 views

### How has the “power” of cryptography evolved from its beginnings till today? [closed]

I'm looking for a historical overview for the change in cryptographic power, which I hereby define as How far state-of-the-art cryptography is ahead of state-of-the-art cryptanalysis. In other ...
3k views

### AES CBC Security

I am building an Apache webserver with TLS 1.2 and OpenSSL 1.0.1. So far, I have enabled 2 encryption algorithms - ECDHE AES256 GCM and ECHDE AES128 GCM. Firefox and Chrome(ium) use NSS which ...
1k views

### How is LUKS dm-crypt secure if the key is stored with the encrypted data?

I've posted this question over at superuser, but haven't had any success at getting answers. That's why I've posted it here. Furthermore, I believe this is a more appropriate place for it as it is ...
862 views

### Burmester-Desmedt (BD) key agreement protocols

How do you perform the Burmester-Desmedt key exchange Protocol, in Diffie-Hellman extension protocol? I've been searching high and low, but couldn't locate an example on how to prove if all the party ...
242 views

### Can the passphrase of a PGP key be deduced from an old backup?

Let's assume that Bob, at some point in time, has created a PGP (key length and other parameters are not relevant at this point). For some reason, he has chosen a very poor passphrase, for instance <...
380 views

### Is use of pre-shared key for sharing session key in symmetric key cryptography vulnerable to MITM?

Consider the following protocol: ...
237 views

### Does a break in a collision resistance property of a hash function by definition implies an attack at the first pre-image attack?

Is there a formal security proof in the shape of reduction that states that if an attacker manages to break the collision resistance property of a cryptographic hash function (a random oracle) he will ...
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### Does Runge phenomenon affect Shamir's secret sharing scheme?

Lagrange interpolation seems to be affected by the so-called Runge phenomenon when one tries to interpolate polynomials of high degree from a set of equidistant points. Lagrange interpolation is ...
1k views

### Exercise: Attack on a Two-Round DES Cipher

Working through the exercises in Cryptography Engineering (Schneier, Ferguson & Kohno) I have stalled on the following exercise: Consider a new block cipher, DES2, that consists only of two ...
222 views

### Pseudo preimage for a hash made from a cipher

Consider the Miyaguchi–Preneel construction: $H_0 = E(0,m_0) \oplus m_0$ (0 here means a vector filled with zeros) $H_1 = E(H_0,m_1) \oplus H_0 \oplus m_1$ where $E(K,M)$ is a block cipher (for ...
173 views

### Practical usage of S/KEY

The One-Time-Password (OTP) topic became quite popular in the recent years. But unlike the well-known HOTP and TOTP standards I haven't heard about any applications/systems implementing and using the ...
123 views

### Adversary to Any Collision Resistance Hash Function

I'm reading a notion Any Collision Resistance for Hash Functions. In the lecture define a collision finder CF. CF is said to $(t,\epsilon)$-break the family of hash functions $F_K$ if the ...
73 views

### TCR hash functions from MD5

I'm reading Collision-Resistant Hashing: Towards Making UOWHFs Practical (pag. 10 and 11) and here say The most direct way to construct a TCR hash function is to key a function like MD5 or SHA-1. ...
281 views

### Can insecure algorithms be combined to form a secure algorithm?

This is hypothetical as I can't think of any reason to do this, but out of curiosity... Could I, for example, take the MD5 digest of a message and concatenate it with the SHA-1 digest (not quite ...
275 views

### Increased security weaknesses when truncating SHA1

Given the following preconditions: A plaintext A (~512bit length), that is hashed by using SHA-1 and truncated to (the first) 64 bits. I know both, the plaintext and the truncated hash, and want ...
289 views

### Why can't hashes be reversed with toffoli gates?

This is a follow up question to this question: Crack cryptographic hash functions using Toffoli gates?. Suppose there is a hash function $$H(x)=y,$$ where $x$ is the input of the function and $y$ is ...
130 views

### Would data be secure if a cryptographically secure PRNG was used for encryption?

For example, say you have a client and server. You use asymmetric encryption to securely deliver two seeds from server to client. Each user then seeds two PRNGs (one for incoming data, one for ...
187 views

### Homomorphic crypto allowing anonymous yes/no votes?

I'd need a crypto system allowing online yes/no votes but without revealing who voted what. Is a "partial" homomorphic crypto system what I'm after? Would, for example, Damgard-Jurik work in my case? ...
172 views

### What makes LSBit steganography detectable? And what would help in concealing it?

In a project of mine I took a 24-bit bitmap image and I performed LSBit steganography over it (saved a black and white image inside each of the planes R, G, B) using pixel shuffling and xor encryption....
806 views

### Hashing SHA-512 1000 times

SageMathCloud security (http://goo.gl/dCujW1) is as follows: Only the hash of your password is stored by the server, which uses 1000 iterations of the sha-512 hash function, with a salt length of ...
174 views

### Hashing entropy generator output with SHA256

I'm using SHA256 to hash the output of an entropy generator to generate random numbers. Is it generally better to treat the output of the entropy generator as single messages and hash each of those ...
3k views

### Would it be secure to use random numbers from random.org in a cryptographic solution?

Random.org provides true random numbers through an unsecured web service. Since these numbers would be transmitted in plaintext could they still be considered useful as true random numbers while ...
117 views

### How much plainext could be known without reducting security of RSA?

It is known, for example, that exposing 50% of most significant bits of RSA private exponent does not provide security risk (when a small public exponent it used). So how to qualify security ...
2k views

### Are there any standards of multi-prime RSA key generation?

FIPS 186-3 specifies a method to generate DSA parameters. Is there anything similar (official standard or widely-accepted recommendation) that shows how to generate the primes for multi-prime RSA?
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