# All Questions

337 views

### Security of this deterministic encryption scheme

I recently came across a library that promises to do deterministic encryption with the following scheme: AES with 256 bit key in CBC mode with PKCS7 padding and Synthetic Initialization vector ...
475 views

### Can an RSA public key be generated without ever knowing the factors? [duplicate]

Context: http://blog.cryptographyengineering.com/2013/12/a-few-more-notes-on-nsa-random-number.html Assume I wanted to use RSA as the basis for a hash function or DRBG. Also assume that my construct ...
451 views

### Is there a proof for showing any cryptogram is crackable?

I commonly hear statements along the lines of "all cryptograms are crackable - it's only a matter of time". Is there a proof to show that any cryptogram is "crackable"? The proof may be of a more ...
427 views

### Is there an encyption scheme that combines additive homomorphism with ability to proxy re-encrypt?

Is there an encyption scheme that combines additive homomorphism with ability to proxy re-encrypt? I've tried digging around on the Internet but haven't found anything conclusive on the topic.
474 views

### Why to try get key out of white box crypto? How can one protect WBC itself?

Help me understand the following. With WBC the question is mainly being stated as can one try to break WBC to identify the key. My question is: Why would one ever want to do that anyways? If one can ...
2k views

### Reusing keys with AES-CBC

I heard that key/IV pairs must not be reused in AES-CTR, or when using any stream cipher for that matter. Yet the attacks described do not seem to apply to AES-CBC. Is reusing the same key several ...
482 views

### Why the symmetric key layer in PGP?

I've been familiarizing myself with the basics of PGP. If I understand correctly, PGP symmetrically encrypts the data of interest using a random single-use key, then encrypts the encrypted data and ...
7k views

### Multiplication/Division in Galois Field (2^8)

I'm attempting to implement multiplication and division in $GF(2^8)$ using log and exponential tables. I'm using the exponent of 3 as my generator, using instructions from here. However I'm having ...
4k views

### How can I remove my personal data from my PGP public key?

According to this Q&A-discussion it is possible to remove all personal data (name and mail address) that is attached to a public key. What steps do I have to follow in order to remove all ...
8k views

### How much stronger is RSA-2048 compared to RSA-1024?

How much stronger is RSA-2048 compared to RSA-1024? It is hard to imagine very big numbers. So what would be your way to explain the difference to someone who doesn't know much about cryptography?
671 views

### Proof that padded RSA is CPA-secure

I'm referring to page 383 of J. Katz and Y. Lindell's Introduction to Modern Cryptography. The book presents a padded RSA: ${\bf Key Generation:}$ same as Textbook RSA (given security parameter ...
2k views

### What is the difference between a hash and a permutation?

As defined by Wikipedia a hash function is [...] any algorithm or subroutine that maps large data sets of variable length to smaller data sets of a fixed length. For example, a person's name, ...
2k views

### How can an S-Box be reversed?

So, as an exercise to greater understand some things about cryptography, I decided to try and implement GOST 28147-89, which uses eight 4x4 S-Boxes. I can grasp the concept of putting 4 bits through ...
3k views

### Do I have to recompute all hashes if I change the work factor in bcrypt?

The well-known article about why we should use bcrypt for hashing passwords mentions the work factor - some parameter to the algorithm that determines how long one hashing should be in terms of number ...
3k views

### 128 bit hash with least chance of collision

I'm building a storage system for JSON documents where they are looked up on a 128 bit key. These JSON documents have a timestamp within them, but apart from that are user-entered data. These JSON ...
928 views

### Random Coin Flip using ElGamal and a Trusted Party

An old exam question I am trying to figure out: Consider the following protocol for two parties to flip a fair coin. Trusted party T publishes her public key pk A chooses a random bit ...
3k views

### How key materials are generated in SSL V3 from master secret

The generation of key materials is given by ...
233 views

### Changing algorithms during encryption

Inspired by "Guarding against cryptanalytic breakthroughs: combining multiple hash functions", I am curious if there is a cryptographic reason to use only one algorithm during encryption. For ...
2k views

### Brute forcing CRC-32

I'm working on a cryptosystem which uses IDEA. The designer made the mistake of including a CRC-32B hash of the password unencrypted in the header, so that the system can quickly reject bad ...
866 views

### Is the logic for how the enigma machine worked documented somewhere?

I know that there is a formula to calculate the result of any input but is the logic of how the machine actually worked documented? I have seen schematics for the circuitry and even a how to make ...
89 views

### How many polynomials are used in Secure Multiparty Computation?

Secure Multiparty Computation based on Samir Secret sharing methods rely on Polynomials. Imagine corpus of data should be outsourced to bunch of untrusted servers for any computations. Now the data ...
273 views

### Using same modulus for RSA

I know that there exist some attack when using same modulus. Can two different pairs of RSA key have the same modulus? RSA cracking: The same message is sent to two different people problem But ...
3k views

462 views

### Can I use PGP to sign a message without providing cryptographic non-repudation?

The difference between a digital signature and a MAC is non-repudiation. A message with a digital signature proves that only the sender could have signed the message, whereas a message with a MAC ...
416 views

### Real world use cases of Multi-Party Computation

Most of the research papers give imaginary applications of multi-party computation. Either they talk about Yao's millionares' problem or two or more corporates willing to compute some intrustion ...
1k views

### What algorithm would give the shortest ciphertext for very short plaintexts?

I have to encrypt some very short messages (approx. 5 characters) and I would like the ciphertext to be as short as possible. I am currently using AES but the initialization vector (IV) is making my ...
1k views

### If you had to implement the BGN Cryptosystem, how would you do it?

If you had to implement BGN, how would you do it? I'm looking for an implementation of the public-key cryptosystem due to Boneh, Goh, and Nissim (aka BGN), or at least some suggestions on ...
873 views

### are CFB and OFB really meant for streaming?

CFB, OFB and other modes are meant for streaming and don't require padding. Are there still limitations such as the text needs to be greater than key length?
400 views

### How can one share information using the 'host-proof' paradigm?

I am attempting to make a web-based secure password management and sharing utility, both as an academic exercise and to fully understand and feel safe about using it. I really like the idea of a ...
1k views

### Alphabetic Substitution with Symbols

I was reading on a site about the Zodiac Killer and how he used a basic substitution cipher, but instead of substituting english letters and characters he substituted symbols. I was wondering, if you ...
325 views

### Do Weak Elliptic Curves Exist?

I'm running into very contradictory opinions when try to understand if weak elliptic curves exist. I'm not interested in the case when a curve's weakness is attributed to properties of an EC's prime, ...