# All Questions

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### Breaking El Gamal defined over Sn

How can we break EL-GAMAL Encryption defined over Sn the permutation group ? Kindly give the efficient algorithm for it.
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### One time Key Encapsulation Mechanism?

For KEM's, do you only exchange a private key once via the public key encryption and then do all further encryption with this private key, or is a fresh private key sent out with each message? The ...
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### Length of encryption password aes-256-cbc

I'm encrypting a file with sensitive information with cat secret | openssl aes-256-cbc -a -salt > secret.enc I am choosing a random encryption password with ...
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### Two nodes in p2p network exchange data and read data in same time [on hold]

I want to finde paper about exchange data between two nodes in p2p network. They must read each other's data in same time. In example two player a,b play rock scissors paper. A must read b's data ...
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### Autokey Cipher Question [on hold]

you receive the message DQIXFQETXPPZZR Given that the ciphertext has been encrypted using an Autokey cipher with key k in the range 16 to 18, decipher the meassage. Thanks,
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### Security of $(k, 2k)$-bit generator for small seeds

Here is the problem I am working on for context. I have $\epsilon \le 1 - 2^{-k}$ and $\epsilon$ approaches 1 as $k \to \infty$ but I'm stuck on part c). The $f$ is secure iff there does not ...
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### Why does DSA require that a new $k$ be chosen and the algorithm restarted if $s=0$?

DSA is an algorithm used to generate a digital signature, which consists of a pair of values $(r,s)$. The algorithm computes $r$ first and then $s$. However, if we calculate $s=0$, it says to restart ...
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### Smart Card choice for PKI implementation

I'm seeking to implement a national digital signature standard on a smart card. I feel like this is a good place to ask if anybody is acquainted with a hardware supplier offering smart cards that ...
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### How to use OpenSSL command line utility to encrypt data with encrypted key from public key?

I may not be asking the right question. I am fairly new to data encryption. I am currently being sent encrypted data that's stored as follows: [ [keysize] [key encrypted with public key] [ivsize] ...
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### What functional encryption scheme can be used to compute a linear function?

I am looking for a functional encryption scheme that can compute a linear function. I do not need to work with attributes. All I want is to compute the result of a function $y = a*x+b$, where $x$ is ...
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### Do you need a HMAC if decryption attempts are severely limited?

I am considering an application where data bandwidth is extremely limited, and considering removing message authentication codes from encrypted transmissions. The encryption method is currently ...
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### Practical differences between circuits and turing machines for cryptography

In formal cryptography, we model algorithms (mostly our adversaries) as (Probabilistic) Turing Machines or as boolean circuits. In our lecture on formal cryptography, we learned that circuits are more ...
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### Is correlation in vector distributions “dangerous”?

Consider the two vector distributions $\xi,\chi$ described below, each one outputting integer vectors of length $n$ with coefficients in $\{0,\dots,n\}$. Distribution $\xi$ samples each coefficient ...
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### Key size for HMAC-SHA256 [duplicate]

After reading a bunch of past stack exchange posts like this one and RFCs 5869, 2104, and 4868 I felt comfortable that a 32-byte key was sufficient for HMAC-SHA256. However, I am implementing my code ...
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### EC Schnorr signature: multiple standard?

I 'm working on some EC-Schnorr signature code. Reading various papers on that, it's seems EC-Schnorr is not standardized as well as ECDSA. For example, I found two main differences in two main ...
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### signature, hashing schemes

I have 20 friends. we create message(s) (1...i) and tar them up with a file messages.hashes(1..i). We sign these tars with our ...
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### SAM module in Payment transactions & cryptogram key storing

As you know because of low security factors,General MCU's are not appropriate choice for storing Transaction or cryptograms keys.Therefor embedded systems developers used SAM modules for secure ...
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### Find SHA256(secret||data) using SHA256(secret) and data

I need to find the SHA256 hash of s string like this: "part1-part2". I know the SHA256(part1), length of part1 and I know part2, but I don't know what is the contents of part1. Is there any chance I ...