# All Questions

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### java.util.Random and Dice Rolls

For this question, a dice roll will be considered two 6 six sided dice, to give a possible output of 2-12. Given a java.util.Random instance r, the output of one roll would be: ...
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### Problem description “SAFE” [closed]

So this is the problem, sorry for the bad img quality. The answer which i don't know is 10 chars long. And there are thease 3 safe knobs with numbers inside them. I have been trying to solve it,yet ...
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### Designing hash function in space-efficient identity based encryption

Let $n$ be an RSA-prime and we know prime factorization of $n(=pq)$. The hash function is the current context maps from a given user identity(id) to a positive integer less than $n$, whose jacobi ...
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### Committing Bilinear equation in Groth-Sahai framework

Groth-Sahai framework enables us to commit to QE, MSME, PP equations. Now, is the equation below committable in GS framework? A bilinear map $e: G_1 \times G_2 \rightarrow G_T$. $g_1 \in G_1$ and ...
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### Java: How to handle authenticated encryption for big files

First I need to mention that I can't use BouncyCastle to implement this solution. I have to encrypt files into the file system. Those files are not going to be tranfered over the wire to any other ...
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### Generalizing a CBC-MAC collision with a common final message block

I found this question from a textbook but I don't really understand what it is asking: Suppose $c$ is $1$ block long, $a$ and $b$ are strings that are a multiple of the block length, and ...
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### Should I study advanced abstract algebra and more than elementary number theory to pursue a career in cryptography? [on hold]

Do I need to study advanced abstract algebra and more than elementary number theory in order to pursue a career in cryptography ? I've already taken a course in abstract algebra, but I'm wondering ...
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### BruteForcer XOR (bfxor.exe) to attack 64-bit keys and longer

First of all, this is not a beginner's question since I already know a good deal about encryption and brute-force attacks. This is also no question on how to code programs for brute-force attacks ...
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### Simple encoding function mapping integers [closed]

I am trying to analyse the following function. From an integer inputs it generates a series of 5 numbers. When looking at the some valid samples, clearly I can recognize some patterns (42 is ...
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### homomorphic paillier cryptosystem vs Elliptic curve cryptosystem [closed]

what are the pros and cons of homomorphic paillier cryptosystem compare to Elliptic curve cryptosystem??
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### Modes of encryption for hard drives?

What are the currently recommended modes of encryption for large disks? Basic requirements would seem to be that you can update an encrypted sector independently of others, which rules out most ...
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### Where have all the cypherpunks gone?

In 1992, cypherpunks was created as a mailing list for activists advocating for cryptography. Arguably, the cypherpunks mailing list was the foundation for the movement and the centre of it all. ...
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### Secure Multiparty Sum in malicious model using threshold encryption

Suppose $n$ actors each hold a plaintext $p_i$. We wish to find $\sum p_i$, without leaking any information about individual $p_i$. Any actor (or any link in the network) could be controlled by an ...
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### special public keys and modulo n

I just picked up cryptography and have some questions on RSA cryptosystem: Say there are two public keys (n, e1), (n, e2), e1 is coprime to e2. They share the same n. Is it possible to find the ...
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### Should I use a key store to keep my symmetric keys [on hold]

I'm maintaining an application which handles several keys to encrypt/decrypt information. Some keys are used to encrypt text (user passwords, some sensitive data in the db, etc). Some other keys are ...
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### Do data-dependent rotations have any advantage over fixed rotations?

There are many ARX ciphers, however most use fixed rotations. I know data-dependent compared to fixed rotations are: patented harder to implement constant time more expensive in hardware harder to ...
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### if using cbc+hmac dealing with small size of data(less than 128bit) , will it cause any problem?

if use AES-cbc,HMAC-SHA256, and there is some txt needed to be enc, and I divide this txt into small packages with variable length, then enc them. some of these package can be less than 128bit. Is ...
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### Is it possible to determine a PGP public key from encrypted data?

Is it possible to find out which public key was used to generate the message? Scenario is like this : I got data which is encrypted with a public key. Now a "bad guy" hast the encrypted data, and ...
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### Is the output of AES-CBC + MAC the same size as the input?

I use AES-CBC and HMAC-SHA256 to encrypt a text file. Will the output be larger in size than the input or will it be the same size? Is it more secure secure if the size of the output is larger?
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### What does $\Pi$ represent in cryptography?

I am doing a project in cryptography and while reading a tag generation algorithm for files, I got stuck with the meaning of $\Pi$. The screenshot of the algorithm is inserted below. Here the ...
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### Elliptic curve trapdoor function without modular arithmetic?

From what I understand, an elliptic contains a set points satisfying the equation $y^2=x^3 + ax + b$ together with the point at infity. It seems clear how multiplication with a scalar and a point ...
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### Interactive assumptions not falsifiable?

Can someone explain why an interactive assumption is not falsifiable? Maybe I'm misunderstanding what the statement means, but isn't even a non-interactive assumption interactive, but just with a zero ...
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### How well does breaking multiple DH key exchanges over the same group scale?

Suppose you are running a server with the Diffie-Hellman parameters (so the group G and generator g) generated once. There are ...
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### How many characters per block in an El Gamal ECC cryptosystem?

While I look for how many characters that can be encrypted using the The elliptic curve ElGamal cryptosystem. of each block found for these lines. But I can not understand Actually in our case we ...
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### Malicious DH groups

Can an attacker construct a DH group, large enough to be considered secure (say, a modulus of 2048-bits), such that the group appears safe, but the attacker is able to solve the DLP in the group ...
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### CP-ABE: structure of the secret key SK

I am working on Ciphertext-Policy Attribute based Encryption (CP-ABE) and I need to understand how a secret key looks like. For example, assume that the universe of attributes is defined to be ...
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### Full Disk Encryption Alternative [closed]

Since developers of TrueCrypt discontinued their software, i'm looking for a alternative. It should be pre-OS, so that just after Bios, the Password is requested. Like in TrueCrypt. I took a look ...
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### Bouncy jdk 1.51 Serpent KAT tests vs Nessie vectors

Having a little trouble getting Nessie vectors working with the Bouncy Castle SerpentEngine. Do the Nessie vectors require a mode or some pre-processing? Nessie Serpent 128, set 1, vector 0 reads: ...
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### Impacts of not using RSA exponent of 65537

This RFC says the RSA Exponent should be 65537. Why is that number recommended and what are the theoretical and practical impacts & risks of making that number higher or lower? What are the ...
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### How can I start the following crypto project?

(Cryptography: encrypting files before storage in the cloud): The project consists of a software implementation of a method to pre-process a file before storing it on a cloud storage server so that ...