# All Questions

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### One-Time-Signature based codes

I'm trying to understand the sentence in bold, in the follow paragraph of A new one-time signature scheme from syndrome decoding Keygen: Given a security parameter $\lambda$, choose a suitable ...
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### How to derive the curve Ed25519 from Curve25519?

According to the paper "Faster addition and doubling on elliptic curves" by Bernstein and Lange, the Montgomery curve (Curve25519) $$v^{2}=u^{3}+486662\cdot u^{2}+u$$ is birationally equivalent to the ...
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### What if the Local Windows Cert Store is Compromised? [migrated]

The diagram below illustrates chaining digital certificates up to a publicly trusted Root Certificate: I have been researching how trusted root authorities (such as GlobalSign or Verisign) are used ...
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### Certificate for the public key

I am new to Network Security and learning about various security features like Diffie-Helmann and others. I understand that the Public key send by the server to the client needs to certified that it ...
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### curious DHE implementation for key exchange

I have made some reverse engineering on proprietary software and came up with some DHE algorithm that works like this: First and foremost, the client and the server shares some public parameters (g, ...
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### Need of highest MAC tag size in AES CCM, when using CTR + CBC-MAC (not CBC MAC only)

Assuming that AES CCM is used with respect of the NONCE unicity // the key life cycle, I wonder about the need of using the highest size for CBC-MAC authentication tag if CTR mode encrypts both ...
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### Unconditional authentication

I have a few questions regarding universal-hash functions: Is there a way universal hash functions can be used to provide unconditional authentication in the way the OTP provides unconditional ...
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### N users must approve a request

I have a locked-down production system that we'd like to process specific requests, picked-up (poll) from a less-secure location. For security and "go slow, this is production" reasons, a request ...
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### Explain m-ary functionality in multiparty computation

what is meant by m-ary functionality in secure multiparty computation? Can anyone explain with an example? Thanks in advance
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### Is it a good practice to use plain text for derivation of Keys?

I have a question regarding the derivation of keys in crypto. Is it a good practice to use the plain text (in form of hashes) for derivation of keys ? these keys will be used for encryption of the ...
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### implementation of digit serial architecture

I am working on architecture of SIMON cipher where I have to use either bit serial, parallel or digit serial to implement the algorithm for each round function and also for sub-key generation. So I ...
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### Why Elliptic Curves?

What is the benefit of using elliptic curves over the standard finite field, when the cyclic subgroup we consider of the EC's solution group is just isomorphic to some integer residue class of prime ...
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### Multiplicative inverse ($17^{-1} \mod 31$)?

So. Sorry for bothering you with such a simple question, but I can't really get this done. It's just an exam question in which I need to use CRT in order to calculate the RSA signature of a msg ...
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### Is ElGamal IND-CCA1?

We all know that textbook ElGamal falls due to chosen ciphertext attacks, because of its multiplicative homomorphic property ($E(A)*E(B)=E(AB)$). However these attacks require the ciphertext ($E(A)$ ...
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### Why should the primes used in RSA be distinct?

The two primes $p$ and $q$ part of the public key need to be distinct. What's the reason for them to be distinct? Is it because factorization of $p^2$ where $p$ is a prime is relatively easier, or is ...
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### Elligator-2 against curves over Fq, q mod 4 = 3

It appears that the conditions for applicability of Elligator-2 against many of the SaveCurves curves, where $q \mod 4 = 3$ will inevitably poke a hole in the bit-string set over $(0, 1, .. (q-1)/2)$. ...
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### TRNG vs PRNG - Entropy?

How much more entropy gives a Hardware Random Number Generator or True Random Number Generator compared to a Pseudo Random Number Generator? I know it depends on which TRNG is used, but I'm thinking ...
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Suppose I have a message $M$ for which I generate an RSA-2048 digital signature as follows: $H = H(M)$, $H(M)$ being the SHA-256 of the message $M$ $S = H^d \bmod N$ Assume $N = pq$ is properly ...
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### Salting in asp.net?

I have spent the past hour reading up on salting and still don't understand how it is achieved. Forgive me if im wrong, but the way I am thinking of salting is, storing an ArrayList of random strings ...
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### What is degree of randomness in individual bits of MD5 hash?

I am researching on Hashing Algorithms and would like to know if we take individual bits of MD5, say we take first 8 bits or any random 8 bits of MD5 then what is the randomness probability of having ...
Suppose I have x = <64 bits of data>. I build a 128 bit block $P = x || x$, and transmit a message $M = AES(K, P)$. The receiver has the same $K$. The ...