# All Questions

1answer
129 views

### Shamir Secret Sharing Modular Reduction

Say players use Shamir's secret sharing to share a value $k$ such that each player now holds $k_i$, a share of $k$. How can they securely compute $k \bmod m$ for some $m$. Of course they can ...
2answers
332 views

### Is RC4 a problem for password-based authentication?

This is a follow-up question to Does TLS use RC4-drop[n]?. As mentioned in section 6 of RFC4345, there are weak distinguishers for RC4 keystreams available that even work for keystreams that ...
3answers
774 views

### Is it possible to distinguish a securely-encrypted ciphertext from random noise?

Say I have a bunch of data encrypted with a secure block cipher (such as AES). An attacker has unlimited access to this encrypted data. The attacker doesn't know whether the data is encrypted or if ...
1answer
147 views

### Distinguishing attack on CBC-MAC

I want to ask about distinguishing attack on CBC MAC, as in the paper published by Ketting Jia, Xiaoyun Wang, Zheng Yuan, and Guangwu Xu: Distinguishing Attack and Second-Preimage Attack on the ...
1answer
209 views

### How much does a successful Distinguishing Attack “break” the attacked stream cipher?

I started reading about the most recent cryptanalysis of RC4 and it's variants. One of the papers I just finished reading ("Two Linear Distinguishing Attacks on VMPC and RC4A and Weakness of RC4 ...
2answers
138 views

### Impact of distinguishing between random text and cipher text?

In theory, distinguishing cipher text from random text is considered insecure for any PRP algorithm. Say for example - due to Patarin's proof with about six rounds of Feistel Network - the attacker ...
0answers
73 views

### Question Error Correcting Codes

Let $C$ be a code over the finite field $GF(2)$ with generator matrix $G$ and parity matrix $H$. Let $e+C=C'$ be a coset of code $C$. Let $S$ be a non-singular matrix and $H'=H\times S$. Finally, let ...
1answer
97 views

### How to protect against ephemeral key reuse in some signature schemes?

Given that some signature schemes (for instance Elgamal) use an ephemeral key that cannot be reused ever. How do people usually protect against this? I'll elaborate more: if you reuse the ephemeral ...
1answer
137 views

### TLS: Is Integrity assured when using NULL cipher

In specific implementation we're using TLS 1.0, open ssl 0.9.8 but i'm referring to RFC 5246. For performance reasons, I'm being asked if we can use TLS without encryption. The hope is that the ...
2answers
348 views

### Keeping IV secret for AES CFB mode

I'm developing a security/encryption software and I'm using AES CFB (block size: 16 and key size: 32 bytes). I want to know, if I also keep IV (32 bytes) secret like the key itself (32 bytes), would ...
1answer
132 views

### Question about SHA-2 (and potentially similar hashing algorithms)

I have been educating myself recently about the SHA-2 hashing algorithm, and in the midst of this pursuit, I've encountered a question: This algorithm uses a set of constant hexadecimal values, ...
1answer
112 views

### Using KDF output for password validation

I am currently revising an AES data format. I would like to determine whether a provided password/key is incorrect. Previously this was done by validating the HMAC, but this makes it impossible to ...
1answer
181 views

### Hash 22 byte secret into 512 bit hash: Full entropy?

Does it make sense to hash a 22 byte secret (which may not have full entropy since it is chosen by the user) into a 512 bit hash (using Keccak-512)? More precisely, will the 512 bit hash have full ...
1answer
243 views

### Can curve25519 keys be used with ed25519 keys?

Can curve25519 keys be used with ed25519? I'd prefer to use ed25519, but there isn't a fast java version. For my application, I'd like to use curve25519 until I can get a faster ed25519 for java. ...
1answer
108 views

### Encrypting a TCP connection between two unknown nodes

I'm writing an application for controlling computers from a client. I'd very much like it if the connection is secure and only authenticated clients are allowed access. The workflow will be ...
0answers
108 views

### Computing IV for CBC from PBKDF2 + HKDF

Note that this question is somewhat similar to Can I use my random IV (for AES) as a salt for PBKDF2? My current encryption format computes two random PBKDF2 salts (encryption and HMAC, 8 bytes each) ...
0answers
116 views

### inverse of scalar multiplier in ECC

I am learning to use ECC. i got into situation where i have $Q=abG$, where $G$ is the generator of the finite field formed on EC using a prime $p$ modulus and $a$ , $b$ are random numbers. now suppose ...
4answers
1k views

### What is the relation between Discrete Log, Computational Diffie-Hellman and Decisional Diffie-Hellman?

How are the three problems Discrete Logarithm, Computational Diffie-Hellman and Decisional Diffie-Hellman related? From my understanding, since the Discrete Log (DL) Problem is considered hard, then ...
2answers
160 views

### Stream cipher with Diffie-Hellman and Cryptographic Hash Function?

(Already asked the same question on stackoverflow but I was told to better ask here. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17527192/one-time-pad-with-dh-and-cryptographic-hash-function) I know: Never do ...
1answer
331 views

### How can i predict the next number of a long sequence of seemingly random numbers? [closed]

How can I accurately predict the next random number between 1 and 999, given past results. I have no knowledge of the PRNG or algorithm used. How can I predict the next number of a long sequence of ...
2answers
71 views

### What does it mean that $BW_N$ is a permutation over the squares mod N?

Let $BW_N$ be a function such that $BW_N:\mathbb{QR}_{N} \mapsto \mathbb{QR}_{N}$ and let if be defined as follow: $BW_N(x) = x^2 \pmod N$ where $N=pq$ and p and q are primes and $p=q=3 \pmod 4$. I am ...
5answers
375 views

### Asymmetric algorithm to generate compact unique messages that can be validated

I have a cryptographic problem with the following characteristics: I need to generate a set of relatively short messages; say 20 bytes in length The contents of the messages themselves is not ...
1answer
201 views

### AES mode for file encryption

I'm working on software that should eventually result in a crypto file system similar to encfs. So far, i have a user password that goes through PBKDF2 using ...
1answer
97 views

### Attack on BB84 algorithm for quantum key exchange?

I have a question which is related to the BB84 cryptosystem. We are not able to send single photons so instead we send $K$ photons at a time all with the same polarization. An enemy can separate one ...
1answer
130 views

### Recovering the random number r

For a padded message, M, using the El Gamal encryption schema, how can we determine the random number $r$, when we are given $p$, the prime number, $g$ which is the primitive root of $p$, $b$ and $x$ ...
3answers
554 views

### In what way is XXTEA really vulnerable?

I'm looking at using the XXTEA algorithm to encrypt a small amount of data (say, less than 32KB) in the context of a software licensing algorithm. That is, we wish to make it difficult (not ...
0answers
111 views

### Rabin code same message sent with different $N$

I use Rabin code with modulus $N$. Now assume that Alice sends me a message $m$ $(1\le m\le N)$ encoded by Rabin code. Unfortunately after Alice sent me the text I lose the information about the ...
4answers
294 views

### Automated security protocol verification tool for eCK model

I want a tool that (runs on Win7 and) can perform automated verification of a protocol in the eCK security model as described in Microsoft Research's paper "Stronger Security of Authenticated Key ...
1answer
129 views

### Which platforms are most vulnerable to Simple Power Analyse Attack

In a "Simple Power Analyse Attack", the difference in power consumption during multiply or square operation is used. In the RSA decryption process with the "Square and Multiply" algorithm, both ...
3answers
211 views

### How to judge if my work is meaningful in cryptography? [closed]

Suppose I have generated a new cryptographical result - for example a new cryptographical primitive, or a cryptanalytic attack. How can I find out whether this result is meaningful (significant)? If ...
1answer
108 views

### Brute Force on 3DES with Reduced Keyspace and Unknown IV

I'm trying to brute force a 3DES problem given a reduced keyspace (ie I know the first half of the key) but with an unknown IV. The code decrypts to plaintext. My first thought was that I could set ...
1answer
100 views

1answer
66 views

### Digicipher and other proprietary systems?

I've always been curious as to how Pay-TV and other Conditional Access systems actually stay secure for any amount of time, given that they are usually one way and (I'm assuming) use symmetric keys ...
1answer
132 views

### what's the advantages of identity-based systems over certificate-based ones?

Actually, I'm not familiar to how identity-based and certificate-based systems work, so ,can anyone give me a detail and comprehensive answer to this question? Moreover, in what environments the ...
1answer
501 views

### How do I generate a session key using the Diffie Hellman algorithm?

How to generate a session key between two nodes in two different subnets when the nodes don't know each other directly, using diffie hellman algorithm?
1answer
67 views

### Implementation of modular arithmetic?

In FIPS 186-3 appendix D.2 "implementation of Modular Arithmetic", they show shortcuts for solving $$B = A \mod m$$ for select Curves. How would you go about determining a valid short cuts for the ...
0answers
86 views

### Which is better ECDHE with TLS 1.0

I have a webserver which support only TLS 1.0 Which is the better cipher in this group for the best security? ...
2answers
167 views

### AES-CBC and IV — Encrypting multiple blocks of a file with the same IV?

I have large files which are broken into blocks of 512 KB and uploaded to a server. In my DB I store the IV, and the user knows the security key themselves. When downloading, I use the same IV and ...

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