# All Questions

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### secure embedded/microcontroller crypto using AES-ctr with hmac-sha2

The embedded device is a low-power 8-bit microcontroller (memory usage is constrained to about 10kb code, 1kb ram). As the device is battery-powered and manual service should be minimal, more powerful ...
97 views

### Prime Numbers in Discrete Log

I am implementing a security protocol based on discrete log. I came across the equation $p = kq + 1$. Understand that based on number theories that both $p$ and $q$ should be large enough to be ...
135 views

### Can I simulate iterated AES-ECB with other block cipher modes?

I am trying to write some code using the Web Crypto API (http://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#algorithm-overview) which provides only some of the block cipher modes for AES, intentionally excluding ...
635 views

### What are the security implications of multiple hashing?

There are plenty of questions on this site about hashing passwords. However, none of them quite cover this topic. One of those links covers using multiple different hash algorithms; one covers general ...
94 views

### Isn't Groth-Sahai proof system applicable beyond Bilinear groups?

Classical paper by Groth-Sahai on NIZK proof system is titled as "Efficient Non-interactive Proof Systems for Bilinear Groups". To my understanding, only (Pairing Product Equation) PPE are defined ...
166 views

### Diffusion in Stream Cipher

The diffusion property of a cipher defined by Shannon refers to the ability of a cipher to cause a lot off bits in the cipher text to be modified, when even a single bit in the plaintext is flips. ...
374 views

### Why can't Homomorphic encryption schemes support algorithms with conditions/branching?

If it isn't already apparent from the title of my question, i should make clear that I have only a very basic understanding of homomorphic encryption. I would like to know why homomorphic encryption ...
2k views

### Why shouldn't I use ECB encryption?

I'm using Java to generate encrypted strings, and I get this warning at build time: ECB encryption mode should not be used So I'm wondering why I shouldn't use ECB and what I can use instead?
190 views

### Encryption and HMAC in a PSKC file

This is the PSKC standard https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6030.txt In Section 6.1 6.1. Encryption Based on Pre-Shared Keys They have the following ...
109 views

### Protocol composition [closed]

I have been trying to wrap my head around different definitions of protocol security (stand alone, sequential composition, parallel composition, universal composition) and how the proofs of any of ...
255 views

### Generalize the Merkle–Damgård construction for any compression function

I am trying to figure out this question: Generalize the Merkle–Damgård construction for any compression func­tion that compresses by at least one bit . You should refer to a general input ...
31 views

### AFV11 scheme simplification

I tried to implement AFV11 scheme http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/410 and faced with performance issues. In order to reduce this issue I have made some simplifications to the scheme. Does the following ...
129 views

### how to let other people respond to emails only decrypt-able with my private key

First of all I have to say it's a homework question but since I have no one to consult with, I ended up here :) Suppose a case in which you are the manager of a company and all employees encrypt ...
62 views

### Calculate number of chips to solve bit commitment using hash function

I have a problem that I don't know how to solve Assume that H is a cryptographic hash function with output size 80 bits. Assume that ABC123 is a specifically designed line of hardware chips for ...
79 views

### Which Block cipher mode should I use? [closed]

Which of the Block cipher mode is MOST secure? I dont care about the performance just the most secure
101 views

### Embedded devices Authentication, Integrity and Confidentiality

Embedded devices send messages to the server. The server occasionally sends messages to individual devices(Reboot, upgrade firmware etc) After some research this is my ad-hoc solution: 1) Each ...
77 views

### What is Initialization vector (IV) [closed]

I am not the best cryptologer and therefore I have some questions so I learn more and get better. Heres the questions: What is Initialization vector (IV)? MUST I use it or not?
90 views

### Associative but NOT Commutative Reducing Function Construction with Existing Hash Function(s)

Is it possible to construct a binary reducing function based on any existing cryptographic hash function satisfying the associative property but not the commutative property? So formally: Using an ...
497 views

### Chosen plaintext vs Chosen ciphertext

What is the difference between chosen plaintext and chosen ciphertext attack? In both of these adversary has access to paintext-ciphertext pairs.Then where lies the difference?
725 views

### Why are primes important for encryption

Why are primes so important? Why can't we just use a random number? My guess is that it's because finding a random prime require more computing power, than finding a random number. Can anybody confirm ...
92 views

### Security concern about reducing hash value using modulo operation

As stated in the title, what I am looking for is information about a "technique" that I would like to use in some of my algorithms. Sometimes I need to map a hash function's result into a range of ...
119 views

### test vectors for 3DES seem to in fact be testing DES - not 3DES

NIST SP 800-20 Appendix A has what presumably are supposed to be test vectors for 3DES except almost all of the test vectors utilize 8-byte keys and not the 24-byte keys that 3DES is supposed to have. ...
83 views

### Modular Reduction of polynomials in GF(2^m)

Hello I am having trouble understanding the algorithm implementation in hardware of the reduction process over galois fields of F(2^163) In the following process it ...
536 views

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### OpenSSL des-ede3 not producing same output as test vector implies it should be

I'm encrypting one of the standard TDEA/3DES/DES-EDE test vectors with openssl: ...