# All Questions

194 views

### What is a q-type assumption?

I've seen the term "$q$-type assumption" used in a few papers without a definition. A google search doesn't seem to come up with anything useful either (except the same papers without a definition). ...
65 views

### Client-server communication

The base scenario goes as follows: A program stores some user's confidential data encrypted on their disk. The user is most probably clueless and the disk might get stolen, but these are the classical ...
94 views

### Isn't Groth-Sahai proof system applicable beyond Bilinear groups?

Classical paper by Groth-Sahai on NIZK proof system is titled as "Efficient Non-interactive Proof Systems for Bilinear Groups". To my understanding, only (Pairing Product Equation) PPE are defined ...
222 views

### Frequency analysis of Vigenere Cipher

For Vigenere cipher, I understand Find period first (say we have p = 6) Find highest frequency of letter in each group (from 1 to 6) and assume it is "e" in plaintext What if we have more than ...
154 views

### Monoalphabetic cipher key

I'm new to cryptography and have just completed homework on Monoalphabetic cipher. I managed to decrypt the cipher text successfully but I cannot identify the key from my plaintext to ciphertext ...
47 views

### Infer encoding mechanism from $n$-grams distance?

I have a series of obfuscated strings which across the set of strings have regions of high variance and regions of low variance – implying some encoding mechanism as opposed to an encryption procedure ...
96 views

### A one way Function provably reversible at N applications with the same seed?

I'm looking for a function that is generally one way from some secret $F(s, A) \rightarrow Y$, where $A$ is known, $Y$ is produced (also known), and $s$ is kept secret. But whose repeated application ...
119 views

### Is it safe to salt a MAC?

Say that I define a scheme where the salt is public and is MAC-ed with the message: $k = KDF(password, salt)$ $tag = MAC_k(salt || message)$ Is it safe to salt the MAC this way? Assume that the salt ...
301 views

### Use case of RSA CRT

I discovered the CRT version of RSA cryptosystem which is used in many crypto libraries (openSSL, Java...). The use of the Chinese Remainder Theorem improves the speed of decryption so why it's not ...
64 views

### Efficiently show/prove knowledge of third party secret without leaking information

Say Alice publishes (i.e. all parties in the universe) a key or certificate $x$ and sends a secret $s$ to Bob. Bob then publishes some data $d$ (his identity or a message or smt.) and an ...
157 views

### How secure is a lagged fibonacci sequence for encrypting brief messages?

Say I start with a 26-letter keyword and convert the letters into 26 integers (A=0, B=1...Z=25) nr[0] to nr[25]. Then I create a stream, nr[26] onwards, with a lagged fibonacci sequence where nr[n]= ...
497 views

### What do you call one time pad where pseudo-random numbers are used?

What is the encryption method called when pseudo-random numbers are used instead of true random numbers?
117 views

### Is there any probabilistic version of RSA?

I have now studying the RSA, but I think that is it possible to have some probabilistic version like a random bit string "r" XORed with the key? Is there any probabilistic version of RSA? Thak you ...
151 views

### Large file validation on an embedded system through hash and encryption

As a preface, I have to say that I am a noob in this area. Having said that, I will ask the question. I have a situation where I need to validate and protect against tampering a handful of large ...
93 views

### DES-X , computation load and storage

The passage said that the computational load to attack DES-X can be reduced to approximately $2^{(56+64)}=2^{120}$ steps,and the storage of data sets should be $2^{64}$. But I can't figure why ...
122 views

### What can be learned from the ciphertext of LibSodium's crypto_box_detached()?

LibSodium, (https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium), has a function crypto_box_detached() which does authenticated encryption using the public key of the recipient ...
149 views

### Does the size of a ECDSA key determine the hash algorithm?

I am a bit lost in understanding what I read on authentication, signature, etc. For instance, is the size of the ECDSA keys produced by ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -b 256 ...
97 views

### Is AES's parity key-dependent?

Is the parity of the permutation of the set $\{0,1\}^{128}$, defined by AES encryption for a certain fixed key, dependent on this key? DES, and any pure Feistel cipher, has even parity for any key. ...
94 views

110 views

### Protection of Elliptic Curve Implementations against side-channel attacks [closed]

Recent fast elliptic curve implementations, for example a presentation at Eurocrypt 2014 (earlier presentation slides, the paper) talks about protection against only timing attacks. Why only timing ...
160 views

### Does a stream cipher require a KDF when it's key is variable length?

RC4 has a variable length key. Is it still necessary to use a key derivation function, such as PBKDF2, to initialize it? Would using a single character password weaken it's output when compared to a ...
172 views

### Security of chameleon hash functions

With the knowledge of the trapdoor, we are able to compute the same digest for differents messages. I've read that given two messages $m$, $m'$ and two numbers $r$, $r'$ such that ...
596 views

### ZIP 2.0 encryption bruteforce attack

I have an old sourcecode backup from my DOS days stored in a ZIP 2.0 encrypted archive, but I lost the password. The password was written on a paper slip, but I remember that it consisted of 30+ ...
76 views

### Can we run a probabilistic function on ciphertext with Functional Encryption (or Attribute Based Encryption)?

In the definition of functional encryption ($FE$): $FE.Setup(1^k)$ takes as input the security parameter $1^k$ and outputs a master public key $fmpk$ and a master secret key $fmsk$. \$FE.KeyGen(fmsk, ...
218 views

### problem with “one time pad” [closed]

I am a french student and I read the post on the forums (How does one attack a two-time pad (i.e. one time pad with key reuse)?). I need your help if possible. I 'm 11 encrypted messages , all ...
81 views

### Does the transposition cipher have a network application?

So I'm reading a chapter in my networking book and it talks about substitution and transposition ciphers (Transposition Cipher Wikipedia). I know that most network security uses public key or ...
90 views

### Why can't garbled circuits be reused?

There are a bunch of papers do research on resizable garbled circuits. But I wonder why garbled circuits cannot be reused? For example, the constructor constructs a garbled circuit of "AND" like ...
99 views

### Implementation of garbled circuits using RSA

I was just reading these notes on garbled (Yao) circuits and I just stuck trying to figure out how an implementation of Table 1 would work using RSA encryption. In RSA the public key is (n,e). So for ...
118 views

### What does “learnable with oracle queries” mean?

I came across the following quotes in reading papers on obfuscation (1, ibid, and 2): The next result follows from the fact that point functions are not exactly learnable (since a uniformly chosen ...
72 views

### MD5 update functions

In the hashlib module in python is a function called m.update() where m is a ...
72 views

### initiate the elliptic curve

when we consider a curve in a prime field for example Weierstrass form and want to initiate it in Miracl,we should give these inputs for initiate curve: ebrick_init(&binst,x,y,a,b,n,window,nb) ...