# All Questions

44 views

### Plaintext patterns leaked based on single bit

Assuming that Elgamal is used as an encryption cipher, where lets say $p$ is 2048bit prime. Is it possible for an attacker to figure out $x$, a secret key, if any part of 2048 bits ciphertext and ...
81 views

### Encrypting firmware with AES and no IV [closed]

I have an embedded device with a AES CBC engine on it that is used to ensure the integrity of the firmware. I know that CBC mode requires unique IVs to be any good, but I'm unsure if it makes a large ...
112 views

### Example of second preimage attack [closed]

Please, I'm trying to understand second-preimage attacks on cryptographic hash functions. I understand the definition well: given a message and it's hash, an attacker finds another message which ...
31 views

### gnupg: display digest of key [closed]

How can I display what digest algorithm has a key? If I import a public key which has MD5 as digest, I get a warning about this weak algorith. But how can I check, what digest algorithms all my keys ...
102 views

### Why is a 2048-bit public RSA key represented by 540 hexadecimal characters in X.509 Certificates?

In the public certificate, an RSA public key specified as 2048 bits long is represented by 540 hexadecimal characters. Converted to base-2, this yields 2160 bits, 112 more than the stated 2048.
839 views

### Can someone explain the ECB Penguin?

I've seen the ECB Penguin used to demonstrate why ECB is not a recommended method of encryption, but I do not understand how this translates to text or passwords. Aren't the people who create these ...
73 views

### Can a properly implemented ed25519 private key with public underlying data be cracked?

If the underlying data is public albeit hashed with SHA-512, does that make a difference on the strength of ed25519? Please quantify the extent. Can ed25519 be cracked after a certain amount of ...
11 views

### Security of carrying passwords on person [migrated]

While in college I decided to have a randomly generated 16 character password. I used parts of that password in various sites. However, one of the sites was compromised so I had to change my password. ...
143 views

### Perfect Forward Secrecy with Pre-shared Key

I've recently been looking at how to do perfect forward secrecy on a unidirectional connection (server can only push messages to client, client cannot respond). What I've come up with is the idea of ...
41 views

### Modular protocol design

What does modular protocol design mean? Why does TLS not have modular protocol design? What protocols have modular design? (IPSec, SSH)
55 views

### Asymmetric/Symmetric Ciphers [closed]

If my memory serves me correctly: Asymmetric Ciphers use Public-Key Encryption and Symmetric Ciphers use Private-Key Encryption. Could someone help me verify this? Another question, what languages ...