# All Questions

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### EC algorithm to derive bits/keys and sign/verify [duplicate]

Looking at the question “ECDSA vs ECIES vs ECDH” it appears that you can either have a tool that can derive keys or bits, or can be used to sign and verify something. Is there an EC way to do both ...
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### Possible to guess RSA public key $e$ using $n$ and $\phi$

We know that if $n$ and $\phi$ is known, then it is possible to find $p$ and $q$ (initial prime numbers). I have following the questions: Assume the public key $e$ is not known, how difficult would ...
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### Is it possible and safe to use SAKKE for signing/verification, rather than for encryption?

Is it safe to use the Sakai–Kasahara key encryption algorithm (SAKKE) for signing/verification, rather than for encryption? (Example at bitbucket.org) In particular, I want many Bobs to be able to ...
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### Symmetric encryption with compression for MySQL DB data

I would like to compress data before encrypting and storing it in a MySQL DB to reduce especially bandwith requirements (compression reduces bandwith by 70-80%). At present, all is handled by a ...
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### Are all possible EC private keys valid?

I usually generate a key pair using openssl or Bouncy Castle. I'm using curve secp256k1. The 256bit private keys look fairly random. Do all values of "private ...
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### Should Increment functions be near-constant time?

When operating a block cipher in CTR or GCM mode, should the function used to increment the counter or initialization vector be near-constant time? Here, I'm wondering about the "addition with carry" ...
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### Do Weak Elliptic Curves Exist?

I'm running into very contradictory opinions when try to understand if weak elliptic curves exist. I'm not interested in the case when a curve's weakness is attributed to properties of an EC's prime, ...
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### Is it possible to reduce the size of an RSA key?

The details about what an RSA key is made up of are explained succinctly here. Is it possible to reduce the amount of data that's usually packaged with the (private) key and then derive it later?
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### SHA-256 Hash over multiple SHA-256 Hashes

I am trying to implement a checksum over multiple files. We can assume, that i have a package containing N files. I want to identify such a package uniquely by following calculation: SHA256-Hash ...
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### Developing algorithm for detecting plain text via frequency analysis

First post on Crypto SE, so I've attempted to search the term "English" and looked through the first 10 pages of results, to see if this was a common question, I couldn't find a suitable answer. I'm ...
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### Is it safe to generate ECDSA keys from the hash of the previous, over and over again?

I have memorized a very long and secure passphrase, that when hashed with sha256, I can use the result as an ECDSA private key, and use it as a brain-address for Bitcoin. Now I need more bitcoin ...
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### Why not to use curve over field of $p^m$ with $p > 2$ for ECDSA?

I'm reading the ECDSA paper and they say you can only use ECDSA with odd-power fields $p$ or with binary fields $2^m$. Why not other power prime fields?
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### Nonce role on stream ciphers

Modern stream ciphers usually predicts the usage of a nonce (also termed as IV) in the cryptosystem. The cost of initializing the cipher with the nonce varies from algorithm to algorithm (for ...
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### Making Pascal Paillier' output absolute

Can we make subtraction result of cipher texts encrypted by Pascal Paillier absolute. Just like we use method Math.abs() in Java ? For example, if we subtract 0 from 1: 1-0 = 1, it is positive but 0-1 ...
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### Finding key of AES in ECB mode

How many plaintext-ciphertext pairs would be needed to guess with probability, say $p=0.5$, the key $k$ of AES under ECB mode? Most of the articles that I found tried attacks on single ...
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### Difference between oracle behavior and real execution

Suppose that there is a place in a security proof where the behavior of an oracle differs from the corresponding real execution (for example, the decryption oracle rejects certain types of ciphertexts ...
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### How to use a secret to allow the generation of public keys, where the private keys can be calculated later

Alice has a secret S and publishes some public information P, about S which is insufficient ...
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### What is the bound for the probability distribution for ATV-FHE scheme?

I try to implement the ATV-FHE scheme as described in this paper https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/039.pdf. How do I choose the bound for the probability distribution chi? How do I choose standard ...
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### How to choose moduli ladder for ATV-FHE scheme?

I try to implement the ATV-FHE scheme as mentioned in section 2 in this paper https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/039.pdf. In this paper, authors say this "For example, given a 256-bit prime q ..." in ...
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### Is XTS basically the cheapest form of (secure) double-encryption?

XTS, as given by the below equation, is a mode of operation primarily targeting full-disk encryption scenarios. By the way it works it also doubles the keylength although a meet-in-the-middle attack ...
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### PRF that can be distinguished after $k$ queries?

In adaptive attacks, if we design poorly, adversary can modify his queries and break the given pseudo random function (that is being able to distinguish it from uniform randomness). Is there a poor ...
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### how does the simulator work when the corrupted party has no input?

"the only thing the simulator can do in the ideal model is to choose the corrupted parties' inputs." Yehuda Lindell said. 1- what will happen when the corrupted parties have no inputs to the ...
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### Which is/are the strongest known Fully Homomorphic Encryption scheme(s)?

As it is discussed here that the highest security any homomorphic encryption scheme is at most IND-CCA1, Is there any known fully homomorphic encryption scheme that achieves this security level? Out ...
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### Coin flipping with limited communication between participants

Alice and Bob want to play a coin flipping game. Alice wins if the coin flips head. They choose to trust a independent third party that generates a random beacon (such as NIST). There is no ...
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### How to test a FHE implementation?

I want to implement a FHE scheme based on NTRU, namely the scheme described here https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/039.pdf . How to test the security of my implementation ? Do I have to implement the ...
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### What about using only XOR gates in homomorphic encryption?

What if we were substitute the ANDs with XORs in some homomorphic encryption scheme like BGV(https://eprint.iacr.org/2011/277.pdf), LTV ( https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/094.pdf) ? It may be more ...