All Questions

298 views

Security of the shared secret key for a smart meter (Linky)

Reading the specs of a new electricity smart meter (called Linky in France), I was surprised about the chosen encryption method (128 bits symmetric key AES), based on a single secret key (called CCC ...
426 views

Compact digital signature for noisy data

The question asks for a signature scheme, with a public verification procedure, that is tolerant to minor alterations of the signed data during its transmission [possibly in analog form over some ...
39k views

Difference between stream cipher and block cipher

A typical stream cipher encrypts plaintext one byte at a time, although a stream cipher may be designed to operate on one bit at a time or on units larger than a byte at a time. A block cipher ...
74 views

Quantum vs. regular computing time to break ECC?

How long exactly would it take for a regular computer to crack an elliptic curve public/private key via bruteforce, vs. a quantum computer using Shor's algorithm with a couple thousand qubits? Can ...
42 views

How secure is MD5 for one way authentication?

I have a server S1 with an Private String (PS) as an identifier shared with a server S2. Every 10 min S1 publish the hash value of PS+the current time which is used as public identifier (PI). Every ...
233 views

How long does it take to decrypt an RSA/ECB encrypted message?

I am working on assignment where I have specific scenarios and I am little bit struggling with this one. Alice sends and email to Bob.For this e-mail, she uses the following method of encryption: ...
112 views

differential cryptanalysis cipher for the final round

I have a problem to find the sub-key. The system is… For each round, we make the following stage: We add the round key $K_i$. Substitution : we have 8 blocks of 4 bits, and an S-box ...
23 views

How to approach to solve cipher text with fixed length key (which is repeating)?

I took a project to solve for lecture. In my project for a given cipher text(length 2031), I have a key (Picture of example is given.) which I do not know the length of it. So I started to try to find ...
67 views

How many blocks can securely be encrypted with XTS

I could not find in the NIST recommendations on XTS how many blocks can securely be encrypted with XTS-AES. Through the recommendations, I've found: The length of the data unit for any instance ...
33 views

ZUC is a function that converts a string to another string. However, unlike a Hash function, ZUC converts a certain-length string to a any-length string. Can someone point me to its documentation or ...
43 views

Alice has $p_a,q_a$ and Bob has $p_b,q_b$, all elements of a ring $R$. They want to obtain shares of the value $pq$ where $p=p_a+p_b$, $q=q_a+q_b$. How do they do this ? Does revealing their shares of ...
58 views

How can I convert a mathematical formula into a logical formula?

I'm using cryptominisat2.9.6 to solve equation set (including more than 160 equations). There are 160 variables in total, which are as follows: ...
71 views

Does a key need to be signed if it is being used to decrypt a message that is already signed?

I am trying to better understand authentication. Lets say I have posted my 128-bit AES symmetric key on some forum, encrypted asymmetrically to my friend using 256-bit ECC (25519). The forum isn't ...
33 views

Possible enigma settings? [duplicate]

I'm writing an assignment about the Enigma machine, and i'm trying to calculate the amount of settings the enigma machine has. I have found several sites regarding this topic, but it seems like there ...
2k views

Why not use CTR with a randomized IV?

I'm currently reading the chapter of Cryptographic Engineering (Ferguson, Schneier, Kohno 2010) about block cipher modes of operation. They have recommended CBC with random IV instead of CTR due to ...
23 views

Garbled table for 3 inputs

I have a truth table of a full adder with 3 inputs (A,B,Cin) and 2 outputs (S, Cout). How can I create a garbled truth table? I mean, in the general form it is ...
58 views

Need for 3 rounds in Luby Rackoff theorem

I get that using Feistel network we can create a secure PRP from a secure PRF (in 3 rounds according to theorem). My question is why not just 2 rounds of Feistel network is sufficient. Is it that ...
59 views

Cryptanalysis of XOR cipher with repeated key phrase

My assignment is to cryptanalyze cipher text that we know was encrypted with a stream cipher (bitwise XOR of plain text and key stream), and decrypt to plain text. We know the key stream is a repeated ...
39 views

Can one make a secure AEAD from any secure cipher and any secure MAC?

Can one make a secure AEAD from any secure cipher and any secure MAC using encrypt-then-MAC: with independent keys and IVs (any cipher and MAC) if the cipher is a stream cipher (including a block ...
181 views

Cryptanalysis of Marvin32 compared to SipHash

So I am curious about the security analysis of Marvin32, the randomized hash algorithm used in .NET (to prevent hash-table DoS). I found the source code here: ...
248 views

AES 128 bits with 12 bytes IV vector composed of a 4 bytes counter : safe?

I have a 128 bits AES cypher (GCM, Galois/Counter Mode) using a 12-byte initialization vector (IV) composed of: 8 constant bytes: 6 bytes (device ID) 2 bytes (zero) 4 bytes (incrementing frame ...
69 views

How do I validate the AES cipher?

I have used AES CTR mode of operation. Each time a file is uploaded an encrypted file is obtained and the corresponding cipher is got – this is a mini project I have done. I wanted to know so as to ...
68 views

Should I add randomness at the end before AES?

Seen AES, changing a character drastically affects the ecrypted text. I want to make it harder to decrypt AES I send. So, it seems this can be done by adding some special code and some random bytes ...
53 views

Fixed primes in discrete logarithm

The discrete logarithm problem is to find $z$ when the inputs are $g,h,p$ where $g^z\bmod p$. Supposing if you fix $p$ then does the problem become any easier to attacks and is there a $(\log p)^c$ ...
83 views

Homomorphic Encryption or not

I am a beginner to homomorphic encryption scheme. As far as I think, it is just a kind of concealing real value without using standard encryption algorithms such as AES,DES or RSA. For example , for ...
735 views

Does a big salt have the same memory effects as Bcrypt?

Citing Thomas Pornin on the question Why can't one implement bcrypt in Cuda?: bcrypt is a variant of the Blowfish key scheduling, which is defined over a table (a few kilobytes) which is ...
45 views

AES GCM encryption, authentication and PBKDF2

I'm developing a kind of secret vault server application. The basic principle is similar to DPAPI where each secret will have its own unique random KEY/IV pair and and that KEY/IV pair will be ...
85 views

Is it possible to brute-force a hash algorithm of 32 bits

I have a 30000 user passwords and usernames stored in a table on a database in which the passwords are stored as hash where ,I need to guess the passwords for all users and I have the hash function ...
37 views

Can I serve data for user without the ability to access them? Which functions for the user remain?

My Problem I want to serve sesible data for users as a webservice that is accessed by the user via the browser. Restrictions: I may not be able to technically acces the data of the user Data is ...
10 views

openSSL TDES DECRYPTION [migrated]

I have a tool which is using openssl for RSA and DES/TDES operation. After processing by a tool, I got key = 4F324364970DBA5DE058EF0EAE54625E and the encrypted data ...
433 views

What is the random tape?

I am reading the paper "Toward plaintext-aware public-key encryption without random oracles" by Bellare and Palacio. So I can't understand what is the tape and random tape?
55 views

How to calculate the exponent in modular exponentiation?

I have a problem when calculating power in modular, $a^b \bmod c = d$. where we can know values of $a$, $c$ and d, but we don't know values of $b$. example : $29^b \bmod 1024 = 365$. So, how can I ...
112 views

ElGamal Signatures

I know various applications of RSA signatures. I wonder, is there any real-world applications of ElGamal signatures and encryption?
102 views

Distribution of hash values

I was wondering if the uniform distribution of hash values is a generally required criteria for cryptographic hash functions. The english wikipedia article only mentions four main properties. But it ...
39 views

FHE Block ciphers' usage

There are currently FHE implementation for AES Simon Speck, and may be more. Except for speed testing, amortized or not, one meaningful usage is mitigating form side channel analysis. Intel, AMD, ...
2k views

How to publish a cipher (concept)?

In the last months I was searching for a subject for my bachelor thesis. I came up with an idea for a new cipher concept that works by combining already known techniques in a (hopefully) new way. So ...
88 views

New Improved Probabilistic version of RSA

On the 2nd page of "New probabilistic public-key encryption based on the RSA cryptosystem" by Roman'kov (PDF), at last it says Alice can find "f" of order "l" with least probability of (1-1/l). I ...
26 views

How to add passphrase to an RSA key?

If I want to protect a private RSA key, do I just XOR the password into the key, or do I do something else? Is it secure? Edit: I got a good answer from a comment - Hash the password/passphrase with ...
46 views

I have read about one-time pads (OTP) on Wikipedia. Is this secure? Can I actually use modular addition as ecryption like it said in Wikipedia? And the plaintext is as long as the OTP, so when I send ...
82 views

Generating an IV for AES-CBC

I am faced with the task of generating a secure 256-bit IV for AES-CBC. I possess the following resources: A 32-bit microprocessor A 32-bit PRNG (can read/reseed) A 64-bit clock counter (can read) ...
187 views

How to assess the strength of the avalanche effect for AES?

Within the scope of a study project I'm looking for an approach to assess the quality of AES encryption in practice. To do so, I modified the OpenSSL source code to be able to log metrics while ...
26 views

Cracking vigenere of non-text cleartext

I've begun a course in crypto on coursera and the first homework was writing a vigenere(xor) cracker. It works, which was a rush :) but it makes one core assumption, one has encrypted a natural ...
38k views

Possible ways to crack simple hand ciphers

We had a quiz in class today where we had to break the ciphertext with the key given, but not the algorithm. Suffice to say that I wasn't able to decrypt it within the allotted time of 12 mins and ...
96 views

Shamir's Secret Sharing vs. Asmuth-Bloom scheme

I need to make use of a secret sharing scheme and I don't really know how to decide which one to use, Shamir's or Asmuth-Bloom (using CRT). The complexity for recovering the secret seems to be linear ...
196 views

In one of the hot forums of today on how to convince friends cryptography is good one of the arguments stated is the knife paradox, I was unable to find the answer on Google and my question is what is ...
41 views

Sum of digits flaw name request

Let's say I am making an encryption algorithm, and in the algorithm in have the following step: "multiply the integer from the previous step by 9 and take the sum of the digits of the resulting ...
39 views

Key exchange problem

I've found the following problem in one of my courses. Any tips on how to solve this would be appreciated! Alice has the key pair $(pka,ska)$. Bob has the pair keys $(pkb,skb)$. They want to ...
16 views

Is there a reduction of security if I XOR Pkcs5S2 and SecureRandom?

I'm using this codereview sample to encrypt data. I would like to provide hardware protected encryption and a user password as the key. Is it acceptable to XOR the KDF Pkcs5S2 in Bouncy Castle with a ...