# All Questions

60 views

### How to prove a lemma that is based on phi-hiding assumption?

Assume that the $\phi$-hiding assumption is true, i.e. that for a composite number $m$, a PPT adversary A cannot distinguish between a prime $p_0$ that divides $\phi(m)$ and another prime $p_1$ that ...
256 views

### How secure is AES-256, but with an effective key length of 56-bits?

I need to encrypt a few drives using Kaspersky Total Security. I however noted something peculiar, Kaspersky's description of their cipher is: Data will be protected using AES-256 encryption ...
83 views

### Reversing a known encryption algorithm (4-byte repeating key XOR)

I've been practicing for an upcoming CTF competition, and I've finally reached the cryptography stage. I'm a complete newbie in this field (my knowledge is essentially that bcrypt is awesome and md5 ...
37 views

### Problem of revealing master secret key of others in identity-based encryption (ECDLP)

Please help me to consider the case where Server B tries to get the same master secret key of Server A. Server B ask private key for IDA from Server A. Then Server B extracts private key for same ...
102 views

### Encrypting and Authenticating The Simplex Communication Between Embedded Devices

I am planning to build temperature sensor nodes for my home heater control. Central device will control the heater using temperature data read by nodes. These nodes will send temperature data to ...
25 views

### Deriving Minimum Description Length of Substitution Key

Given a plaintext: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country because the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. and a substitution ciphertext: Mpe od yjr yo,r ...
83 views

### comparison of security for identity based signature and Hashing (SHA-1) the identities

I would like to know which method can provide better security: using identity based signature or hashing the identities and message (using SHA-1) for authentication?
33 views

### How to select a good scale for letter frequency in a text?

I needed to use a scale in a code to determine which sentence in a file has been encrypted by a single-character key. The scale that i currently used is: +2 for every occurrence of a vowel or a ...
53 views

### How to verify a sever's ECDSA fingerprint during SSH

I have read somewhere that Servers which have SSH access for users in the public can have their public key posted publicly (e.g., on a website), so that people who access such a server using SSH can ...
612 views

### Creating serial key generator using ECDSA, how to get signature short enough?

I've written some questions in this stackoverflow and got great responses but now I'm trying to wrap it all together. I have for the last couple of weeks been building a serial key generator project ...
475 views

### Existential Unforgeability of signature scheme against Adaptive Chosen Message Attack

While reading a literature on signature schemes, I came across the concept of Existential Unforgeability of signature scheme against Adaptive Chosen Message Attack. Can anyone point me to the paper ...
47 views

### Using Shor's algorithm to solve the discrete logarithm problem

I have read about Shor's algorithm and my understanding is that it can be used to factor large numbers efficiently. Can Shor's algorithm, though, be used to solve this problem: Find the number $e$ ...
33 views

### How can I determine key length for message encrypted by many-time-pad?

For message $m$ and key $k$ I get encrypted message $c$ ($m \oplus k = c$) where $length(k) < length(m)$. Additionally I know that message $m$ is English text. Instead of using pure ...
26 views

### Which one is correct probability formula for the same master secret value in identity-based encryption

Assume two servers $(n=2)$ use the same domain curve parameters and same hash function $H:\{0,1\}^{*} \rightarrow G_{1}$ . Then the hash value for the same identity falls in same result and let it be ...
68 views

44 views

### How to encrypt huge data using RSA? [duplicate]

Is there any way to encrypt the huge amount of data using RSA? I was supposed it is possible but when I read some articles what I saw is that, this is bad practice or they say can only encrypt bit ...
59 views

### Plotting Running Times of SAT solver

In the the paper "Efficient Methods for Conversion and Solution of Sparse Systems of Low-Degree Multivariate Polynomials over GF(2) via SAT-Solvers" there is a Figure that I can not understand and I ...
25 views

### Why SSH does not use a certificate authority in the same way as SSL [closed]

SSL requires the use of a trusted third party -- the certificate authority to verify a public key presented by a server to a client. SSH on the other hand relies on the client having the server's ...
66 views

### How can I create pre-determined encrypted results?

I want my encryption results to be the lyrics to Star Spangled Banner. The original text I'm encrypting would be, for instance, the menu to a local pizza place. I know what I want my passphrase to be. ...
134 views

### What is a purpose of reducing lattice basis?

This may be too broad question but it is not. I have been studying lattices for few months now, more specifically I studied: lattice problems ($SVP$, $CVP$ and etc.) lattice cryptography in post ...
36 views

### Is there a way to turn a PGP key into its semi-prime counterpart?

From my understanding of PGP keys they use the RSA algorithms to encrypt/decrypt messages. So, I know that the RSA algorithms use a semi-prime number to encrypt/decrypt messages. So, what I was ...
68 views

### Are the following schemes based on a pseudo-random permutation secure?

I am currently working on the following task: Let F be a pseudorandom permutation. Consider the encryption scheme for the message space $\{0, 1\}^n$ defined as follows: $Gen(1^n)$ chooses ...
43 views

### How would you name and/or describe this algorithm?

First up: this is not a decoding request or anything. This is about terminology. Twice per year, we email another department to ask for a new licence file for their software. They are always slow to ...
86 views

### Levels of strength: The Caesar Cipher

SITREP: I am deciding what form of "Random" Number generation would fit best for a Caesar Cipher that encrypts each letter with a different integer as a shift. This encryption is being handled via C# ...
95 views

### How are security proofs done in ABE Schemes?

I have been studying several ABE schemes and I understand the security assumptions and the several types of security models used for the security game between the Challenger and the Adversary. What ...
4 views

### encryption used by onepass [migrated]

I use a password storage application on my mac called 1password ( see here: https://1password.com/). I was wondering if it encrypts the data it stores in my computer and decrypts it using a key made ...
64 views

### How to decrypt an RSA ciphertext given an oracle providing the lower 8 bits of decryptions?

I have access to an oracle that can encrypt and partially decrypt a number with RSA-1024 algorithm. For encryption: $$C = M^e\bmod n$$ But for decryption, result will ...
72 views

### Exponential cipher theory misunderstanding

Say I pick modulus $m=2633$ and key $e=13$ My private key $d$ is $13$ inverse in $\bmod 2632$ which I need to compute $(e,m)$ is my public key that anyone can use to encrypt message for me and then ...
70 views

### RSA PlainText without Knowing Private Key

I couldn't solve this problem for three days... In RSA, [n = 13, 19] [e = 3] c1 = m^3 = 83 mod 247 [e=5] c2 = m^5 = 97 mod 247 then, use ...
70 views

### How do Käsper and Schwabe's Bitsliced AES Mixcolumns work?

The only way I see it possible to do the matrix-multiplication in the MixColumns operation of AES is by shifting the bits in the multiplied number, and then reduce with the polynomial if needed. ...
27 views

### correlation between the timing data produced by different keys with similar inputs in AES

Is there or can there be any correlation between the timing data produced by different keys with similar inputs in AES? If yes, what type of correlation?
20 views

### How share size is reduced in robust secret sharing?

THIS IS ROBUST SECRET SHARING SCHEME The dealer $\mathcal{D}$ wants to share a secret among the participants $\{P_1, P_2, \ldots, P_n\}$, where at most $t$ participants are malicious and $t<n/2$. ...
37 views

### Truly Random Values [duplicate]

I am trying to build a one-time pad encryption software and I am thinking about simply using /dev/random to generate keys. My question is: Is it ...
208 views

### Mathematical formula for switching the key for OTP?

Instead of generating the random key for the one time pad cipher over and over again, is there a mathematical formula that allows you to switch the key to a new key? The new key must be as random and ...
411 views

### Is my password entropy calculation correct?

I have a password with a prescribed format: 111 + “2 Random lowercase letters” + “random digit” As you can see, it starts with a fixed value of ...
68 views

### Compute Modulo exponentiation with prime powers

The problem is to find x such that $$x = M^d \mod p^2$$, where M and d are large numbers, and p is a large prime. Ideally we only want to compute $M^d\mod p$ and then use the result to further ...
30 views

### Has this forum been compromised by the NSA BULLRUN programme? [migrated]

Today, this site shows 24 thousand users in Cryptography. It runs in parallel with and is associated with StackOverflow boasting 6 million users. This site then clearly creates some leverage and ...
58 views

### How hard is it to generate a simultaneous MD5 and SHA1 collision?

I was recently reading that MD5 is "broken" because it's pretty easy to generate collisions (like 2^(L/2)). And the SHA1 (theoretically) fares no better. The ...
21 views

### Hash system to generate same (specified) hash from multiple datasets?

I have a hashed value $X$ and need to ensure that any of the data sets $D_1...D_n$ can be concatenated with a correctional value $C_1...C_n$ and passed into a hashing algorithm to result in the value ...
38 views

### Countering Cryptographic Attacks

By reading Camellia Design and Analysis document following is my understanding about few cryptographic attacks from designer point of view. Differential and Linear Crypt-analysis. Number of Active ...
2k views

### How secure will this be against brute-force attacks?

I'm looking into encrypting files like this: First, I SHA-1 hash the password. Let's say the password is something normal like "hello123", and then hashed. Then I encrypt a file using this: ...