# All Questions

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### How simple can the PRP used in the Even-Mansour scheme be?

For example, in the question “Is there any reason not to use Single-Key EM with AES and a constant key?” it is proposed to use AES with a fixed key as the permutation in a xor-permute-xor construction....
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### In Paillier homomorphism, how do you deal with bit length? [closed]

I'm trying to figure out homomorphic encryption and would like to multiply two paillier encrypted numbers. Like so: [a].[b]=[a+b] To try this I got this Paillier.java and tried the following: <...
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### How can I instantiate a generalized hash function?

I've come across a bunch of "strange" hash function notations, such as the following ones and now I don't know how to choose / instantiate them. Can you please explain me what this notation means and ...
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### SHA-3 maximal number of zeros (Padding)

What is the maximum number of zeros, which are appended at the input- padding in messages? How large must the message be for this?
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### elliptic curve and embedding degree

I am new in ECC. I am confused what the embedding degree in elliptic curve represents and what is the impact of its values on the curve and security ( small values or large values? What does the ...
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### Build a hash function that returns a digest in $\mathbb{Z}_{N}^{\ast}$

I want to know if there is a way to build a Hash Function in a such way? $\mathcal{H}:{\left\{ {0,1} \right\}^*} \to \mathbb{Z}_{N}^{\ast}$, $N=pq$ and where $p,q$ are primes.