# All Questions

39 views

### Commitment scheme to share money

I have such problem: party $X$ has an amount of money $M$, which it needs to share with $n$ other parties. Every week the amount of money is different. Let say not, that I am a party A, which is one ...
47 views

### Avoiding known plaintext attacks with an additional XOR-Layer

Can a cipher that is vulnerable to an known plaintext attack be made secure by adding an additional XOR-encryption? That is: suppose I have an (w.l.o.g. symmetric) encryption algorithm E were the ...
39 views

### Proper way to generate symmetric keys

I'm trying to educate my self in key management, how to store them, how to generate them, how to use them properly. I've been trying to find how you would generate a key for symmetric encryption (say ...
52 views

### Why does the ElGamal signature have the specific form that it does?

In the original paper, ElGamal(1985) starts his discussion of signatures by saying: "The signature ..... is chosen such that the equation: $\alpha^m = y^r r^s \text{mod p}$ (equation 3 from the ...
78 views

### Paillier Encryption: problems with double encryption

Given have two public keys $k1$ and $k2$, $E_{k1}(E_{k2}(m_1))$ and $m_2$. Is it possible to calculate $E_{k1}(E_{k2}(m_1 + m2))$? (or with multiplication instead of addition) At a first glance, I ...
48 views

### Matsui's Linear attack on DES P box

I'm trying to understand Matsui's linear attack on DES and I have something I don't understand in his paper. In his paper he say that: $NS_{5}(16,15)=12$ (which is OK) and from that he say that: ...
50 views

### How to securely map an element from an smaller domain to the other element in a large domain

Problem: I have a small sized domain, say s-bit. It's clear that the probability for an adversary to guess an element is $\frac{1}{2^s}$. I need to make the probability negligible. However, I need to ...
37 views

### Cache Attacks on Cloud Infrastructures

I read something about cache attacks like this: Enter KSM (Kernel SamePage Merging). KSM enables the kernel to examine two or more already running programs and compare their memory. If any memory ...
62 views

### Standards/RFCs for non-Diffie-Hellman perfect forward secrecy?

Some time has passed since PFS introduction and we now have secure&proven asymmetric ciphers that can generate strong keys very efficiently (elliptic RSA variants and/or QD-Mceliece can generate ...
43 views

### Generate hash value using public key along with message

I was trying to understand one way signature chaining on message by saxena and soh. As the message is passed from one user to other, every user can combine their signature to create one single ...
66 views

### BER or DER X9.62 ECDSA signature

The signature format for ECDSA signatures can be encoded using ASN.1 integers according to X9.62 or it can comprise of two integers with the same size as the key size. In case the X9.62 format is ...
35 views

### Zero knowledge of two factor

Here I overconfident in myself state that I can show, that n has two factors. This is not completely true, can possibly show $n$ is composite - prover generates RSA key with modulo $n$, and gives $e$ ...
52 views

### Construct rainbow table to break DES

I'm facing a project where I need to build a rainbow table to break DES. I've already collected information about Hellman, DP, rainbow table method. Finally, I chose the rainbow table approach. I've ...
58 views

### Given only RSA public key parameters, what security issues might I be able to detect?

I'm attempting to automate some checks against a large list of .NET assemblies, and want to include a test to see if the RSA parameters used to sign the assemblies are sensible. However, since I don't ...
52 views

### Statistical saturation attack on block ciphers

I was wondering if anyone around here could give me some explanation on this type of attacks. Pretty much the only thing that I could find is this What I really need is basic explanation of the ...
48 views

### Encryption with a known plaintext

I'm building an application where users can be a part of groups, and can obtain and distribute URLs from the group page that allow anyone who clicks on them to join said group. Groups should not ...
122 views

### FileVault AES-XTS decryption with cipher text that's missing a part

My mac was recently upgraded to OS X Yosemite and FileVault2 full disk encryption was turned on. Encryption finished, but things went horribly wrong and key parts of the disk are filled with all 0s ...
31 views

### What is the difference between any secret sharing scheme and arithmetic secret sharing scheme

It looks like that only difference between two of them the variables. But it does not make sense for me and I could not find exact definition of arithmetic secret sharing scheme. I mean what exactly ...
62 views

### Can CKM_RSA_PKCS signature be made secure by lowering its maximum input size?

The CKM_RSA_PKCS Mechanism in PKCS#11 v2.20 section 12.1.6 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA is a signature scheme commonly used to implement RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 of PKCS#1 signature of data hashed externally to a ...
47 views

### Security implications of public nonce

I'm planning to use the crypto_box() functions of Nacl (or, alternatively, the crypto_box_easy() functions of libsodium) to ...
52 views

### Is the half-homomorphic property of RSA a problem for blind RSA signatures?

For blind RSA signatures, is it problematic that RSA is half-homomorph? Take a scenario where blind RSA signatures are used for something like a voting procedure or this proposal: Lots of people, ...
99 views

### Zero Knowledge Non Interactive Proof with random oracle

I am trying to write an assay about Non Interactive Zero-Knowledge proofs and would like to take the simple discrete logarithm problem example fallowing the Feige-Fiat-Shamir heuristics. I understand ...
186 views

### ECC considered secure in OpenSSL?

this is my first question, please bear with me if it comes across silly. If I openssl ecparam -list_curves on my OpenSSL version (1.0.1f), it spits out the ...
40 views

### Boneh-Boyen like signature scheme

Full Boneh-Boyen signature scheme defines a pair of secret keys (SK) $a \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ and $b \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ and a pair of public keys (PK) $A = G^a \in \mathbb{G}$ and $B = G^b \in \mathbb{G}$. ...
299 views

### Trivium example

I started learning cryptography from Understanding Cryptography book of Christof Paar and Jan Pelzl. Here is the problem I have solved but I want to be sure that it is correct. Assume the ...
87 views

### Existence of encryption schemes where $F_{k}^{-1} \big( F_{k}(A) + R \big) = A + O(R)$

Is there a encryption scheme in literature, where I can do something like $$F_{k_1}^{-1} \big( F_{k_2}(A) + R \big) = A + O(R)$$ where, $A$ is a $m \times n$ real matrix, $R$ is a $m \times n$ real ...
26 views

### Any ideas on login using Digital Signature PKCS

I am curious to know about possibility to login into web application just by identifying the user based on digital signature in usb token. any reference in this direction?
64 views

### chacha20-poly1305 padding and length encoding

The AEAD construction for chacha20-poly1305 described in the IETF proposal [1] encodes message lengths into the text that is to be hashed. The newer proposal [2] goes further and pads associated data ...
72 views

### Performing HMAC with random key before MAC comparison

In Laravel (a PHP framework) I can see that they calculate a HMAC with a random key over the final HMAC before comparison. This additional HMAC calculation is of course performed for both the ...
77 views

### Exploration of Blum Micali Security By Seed Size

I'm new to cryptography and am most intrigued by mathematically based pseudo random number generators. With reference to the Blum Micali algorithm: $X_{i+1} = G^{X_i} \bmod P$ can security be ...
54 views

### Is there a way to “shorten” a Merkle chain?

If I have a Merkle chain of 3 items, is it possible to create a zero knowledge proof of the existance of a correct chain between hash 1 and hash 3? Editing to clarify (Thanks Ricky), what I mean my a ...
59 views

### Obliviously computing the Least common multiple of two poylnomials

Consider I have two polynomials $f_1$ and $f_2$ of the same degree. I want to secure them (using any kind of encryption except FHE) and outsource them to an untrusted server. I want him to compute the ...
55 views

### What is the fixed point attribute of DES (when used with weak-keys)

I've heard in some lecture that the weak keys in DES implies the existence of $2^{32}$ fixed points in the algorithm, i.e. that $DES_k(x)=x$ for $2^{32}$ such $x$'s. I couldn't find anything about ...
136 views

### How does Schnorr signature actually work?

I'm trying to get a grip on how Schnorr signature works. Suppose Alice sends Trent a tuple $(P, M)$, which contains a payload and a message to be signed by him. She then passes the certificate to Bob ...
102 views

### CAST-256 (CAST6) versions or S-Boxes

Are there different versions of CAST-256 - also known as CAST6 - available? Are there different S-Boxes available for CAST-256? If there are different versions or S-Boxes what identifier should I use ...