# All Questions

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### Example of CL PKC

I am trying to solve the example of algorithms of Certificateless Signature by manually and solving the mathematics of Algorithms but not succeed while doing mathematical calculations. Please ...
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### Why does plain RSA not work with big messages ($m>n$)?

From what I can remember, RSA is something like this: Generate 2 distinct prime numbers $p$ and $q$ that have similar bit length. Compute $n=pq$ and $\phi(n)=(p-1)(q-1)$ Compute $e$ such that ...
132 views

### Bit commitment with 1-out-of-2 oblivious transfer

I know a protocol for bit commitment using regular OT (Bob has 1/2 chance of learning the bit Alice transferred to him) which goes like this: COMMITMENT PHASE Alice chooses a bit $b$ For ...
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### Asymptotic Hash Function and Concrete Hash Function

I'm reading Collision-Resistant Hashing: Towards Making UOWHFs Practical, and they say that its formalization is non-asymptotic. Why is the formalization non-asymptotic? What is an example of hash ...
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### How to pronounce RIPEMD 160?

Do I pronounce it as a word or do I make it sound like "R-I-P-E-M-D" like by pronouncing each individual letter.
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### hill cipher encryption way 1x3 plaintext matrix

Can someone help me with a Hill cipher? When do I have to use: 1x3 plain text matrix (p1, p2, p3) * 3x3 key matrix 3x3 key matrix * 3x1 plain text matrix Or they are both correct? I tried to ...
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### Is it possible to decrypt an RSA ciphertext with only $N$ and $e$?

Is it possible to perform RSA decryption if one only knows $N$ and $e$? Failing that, what is the maximum key length where brute-force is still practically feasible?
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### How does the length of the plaintext affect the cipher strength?

Let the block length 64-bit, 256-bit key, cipher text accordingly - 64 bits. What is the strength of the block cipher, if any unknown attacks, which could reduce its strength. We can only brute force. ...
218 views

### Is the following symmetric design secure?

Assume: $O$ be a reversible random permutation oracle on a finite set and $O^{-1}$ the inverse permutation (pretty much equivalent to a random permutation: What is the difference between a bijective ...
138 views

### Merkle Tree High Tree

I'm reading Merkle tree signatures and I like know if the security of the that scheme depends, also, of the high of the tree or only depends that hash function is resistant to collision?
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### When using Curve25519, why does the private key always have a fixed bit at 2^254?

When using Curve25519, the private key always seems to have a fixed bit set at position 2^254. Why is that? Is there any good reason to use a fixed positioned most-significant-bit in the private key? ...
178 views

### How to prove this LFSR equation?

I am having difficulty solving part (ii) of Excercise 5.17 from Becker's Cipher Systems. Exercise 5.17 $\quad$If $f(x),g(x)$ are any two polynomials over $GF(2)$ with $f(0)=g(0)=1$ show that ...
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### How can I implement the elliptic curve MOV attack myself?

I understand and have implemented elliptic curve signatures in Python without the use of libraries like Sage, and would like to implement the MOV attack against certain weak types of elliptic curves. ...
139 views

### Secure function evaluation

Consider 3 parties, Alice, Bob and Charlie. Suppose each party has a bit as input, i.e. Alice, Bob and Charlie hold $a, b, c \in \{0, 1\}$ respectively. Show how construct a scheme with which ...
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### hybrid PKE scheme CCA2 insecurity

I'm reading a paper here say: As we know, in hybrid PKE schemes XOR alone cannot perfectly hide challenge bit to the CCA2 adversary The author does not define hybrid PKE schemes. What is ...
132 views

### Perfect secrecy over Stirling numbers

For all $c_0\leftarrow m_0 \oplus k$ there exists a $k'$ such that $c_1 \leftarrow m_1 \oplus k'$, where $m_0 \neq m_1$ and $c_0 = c_1$. Assuming a truly random $k$, the first assignment is a ...
378 views

### Why does the crypto_box functionality in NaCl library exposes the nonce to the programmer

The idea of crypto_box API in NaCl library is to shield the programmer away from the technical details and provide an easy to use functions for encrypting and encrypting messages. Given what I've ...
356 views

### Is CBC mode encryption vulnerable to a reordering attack?

I know that, if CBC-MAC is used in such a way that the tag is the concatenation of all the blocks' outputs (and not just the last one), it's insecure under CPA for the simplest case of 2 blocks ...
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### Is the following aggregation scheme private?

Is the following scheme private? By private i mean an untrusted aggregator (UA) cannot reveal anything other then an aggregate function output on plaintext data Each party holds a secret key $k_i$ ...
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### Difference between computational and statistical indistinguishabilities

What is the difference between the two notions of computational and statistical indistinguishability?