# All Questions

1answer
45 views

### How can I evaluate the congruency of an AKS primality test?

Despite the fact primality test is a mathematical issue, it plays a part on the security of many cryptosystems such as RSA. I was trying to understand how it works until I came to the following ...
1answer
2k views

### Decrypting encrypted files if i have the original files(Plain Text attack) [closed]

I have the following A Encrypted file and the same file in its original(not encrypted) form Now will it be possible to find the encryption/decryption key by comparing the the above two files are ...
2answers
406 views

### RSA least significant bit oracle attack

I have been reading up on RSA attacks and came across one that could be called a least-significant-bit (LSB) oracle attack. For the sake of clarity lets define RSA primes $(p, q)$, private key $d$ ...
3answers
205 views

### Encoding numbers that can be decoded mentally?

I have a lot of objects, all of which need a particular number tagged on them so I can quickly tell the customer accordingly. But the problem is that the customer should not know what these numbers ...
2answers
266 views

### Solid summary of what encryption remains strong after recent events [closed]

Following the recent government hacking (and subsequent news and fallout), I'm wondering what crypto-systems remain strong (and why) and what crypto-systems were exploited too heavily to be reliable. ...
1answer
159 views

### Hill Cipher - Unknown plaintext attack, known key [duplicate]

I was wondering if I have the key and the encrypted Hill Cipher message(s). I can definitely figure out the charset involved. But the order is missing. Assuming that I use 37 modulo or higher. How ...
5answers
28k views

### Technical feasibility of decrypting https by replacing the computer's PRNG

Intel has an on-chip RdRand function which supposedly bypasses the normally used entropy pool for /dev/urandom and directly injects output. Now rumors are going on that Intel works together with the ...
1answer
260 views

### Blockwise Montgomery multiplication

I have to implement a 256*256 bit Montgomery multiplier for pairing computations. The straightforward approach is to use a bit-serial version, but I would like to utilize the built-in 64*64 bits ...
1answer
2k views

### PBKDF2WithHmacSHA512 Vs. PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1

I'm working on a Java authentication subsystem that specs the storage of passwords in the DB as PBKDF2-generated hashes, and I'm now trying to decide whether I ...
1answer
249 views

### What kind of machine can generate 100-400 digits prime number? RSA

The 64 bit machine's biggest number can be 2^63 (9,223,372,036,854,775,807). So what kind of a monstrous machine can generate 100-400 digits prime number? I probably don't understand something, so ...
3answers
358 views

### Can one build a one-way function from AES?

We change the AES block cipher encryption: we delete the key schedule algorithm the user now provides a string of 1408 bits we divide the string to 11 sub keys, and use them directly in the ...
0answers
135 views

### PGP encryption options

I recently began using PGP desktop and found several options for my encryption capabilities. Which of these (AES, Cast, Triple DES, TwoFish, IDEA) is the most recent, firstly, secondly may the NSA not ...
0answers
30 views

### Using same keypairs for crypt and sign with elliptic curve [duplicate]

I asked my question on a mailing list ( http://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2013-October/018061.html ) and i received many answers, which are confused me. So i try to ask here, it is ...
2answers
2k views

### How does GCM (Galois/Counter Mode) work? [closed]

Can somebody explain how this mode works? What view has cipher text and how does it help to authenticate input’s data?
1answer
447 views

### Where could I submit my algorithm?

I have come up with an encryption algorithm and I am looking for a place to possibly publish it. Any ideas?
1answer
127 views

### Is AES a linear hash?

So, having read a variety of documentations on AES encryption, I came to the unknowledgeable conclusion that the key schedule applied to the array of chunks, and not just the 14 cycles on a single ...
2answers
213 views

### Is scrypt a hashing function, encryption, or PBKDF?

I have installed a python implementation of scrypt and noticed it has several functions, both an encrypt and hash function. Yet Wikipedia lists it as being used for PBKDF instead of PBKDF2. Is scrypt ...
2answers
127 views

### Random session key + predictable IV

I'm using Blowfish in a toy Diffie-Hellman communications scheme. Random session keys are generated for each connection. In this case I can simply feed a null array to the IV right? The same ...
2answers
217 views

### Reuse of a DH / ECDH public key

I was wondering whether it is safe to use the same DH or ECDH key pair in more than one key agreement, particularly if these public keys are in a public registry. These public keys could be used by ...
4answers
1k views

### Is it feasible to build a stream cipher from a cryptographic hash function?

A few years ago I devised a symmetric-key system that worked like so: ...
1answer
3k views

### How are the AES S-Boxes calculated?

I'm trying to understand how the AES S-Boxes are calculated. I understand how the multiplicative inverse is calculated over GF(2^8), but I'm confused by the description of the affine transformation. I ...
0answers
176 views

### Are any Certificate Authorities using 4096 bit keys for their intermediate and root certificates? [closed]

Are any Certificate Authorities using 4096 bit keys for their intermediate and root certificates? I know you can, of course, use a 4096 bit key for your server certificate, but I usually see 2048 bit ...
1answer
285 views

### Is this a good entropy collector and whitening technique?

I'm just reviewing a program someone wrote to provide high quality random data using an entropy collector and a hash based whitening technique. I'll try summarize the process: Collect entropy from ...
1answer
814 views

### How much is slower GCM AES-128 than one of the stream chipher eSTREAM?

Evaluate the speed of the algorithm GCM AES-128 and compare it whith speed of one of the stream chipher in eSTREAM. Can someone give such an assessment?
2answers
855 views

### Which stream cipher can we replace the RC4 in the SSL?

In cryptography, the Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack is a particular stream cipher attack, a dedicated form of cryptanalysis for attacking the widely-used stream cipher RC4. The attack allows an ...
2answers
637 views

### ChaCha cipher + Poly1305

The Poly1305-AES paper summarizes the MAC as $$\mathrm{Poly1305}(m, \mathrm{AES}_k(n)) = {H_r(m) + \mathrm{AES}_k(n)} \mod 2^{128}$$ Can I presume that $+$ here is just meant as a form of 16-byte ...
1answer
265 views

### Why does NaCl's crypto_secretbox for xsalsa20-poly1305 require the first 32 bytes to be zero?

The NaCl web site says this is a requirement of the API, but its seems more than just an API issue. It means the first 32 bytes of the first salsa20 block are effectively ignored. I didn't see ...
2answers
283 views

### Do we have to use an IV for AES encryption to be FIPS 140-2 compliant?

I asked this question Will our app be FIPS 140-2 compliant if we use our own AES algorithm implementation here before and although there are some different thoughts about this, the general consensus ...
0answers
106 views

### How many messages needs to be send to server to get AES key in Cache-timing Attack

I'm trying to evaluate the correlation between key length and the number of messages that needs to be send to server during Cache timing Attack. I read both D. Bernstein, “Cache-timing attacks on ...
1answer
178 views

### 2 comparable hashes generated from one string

Assume a website where people log in with their password. The password is now stored in sql database as: md5(password + random_salt) We are adding the ...
1answer
91 views

1answer
155 views

### Specification of the scream stream cipher is unclear

I am implementing in C++ the Scream stream cipher. The Scream family is composed of Scream-0, Scream-S and Scream-F. For this question, assume that I'm using Scream-S. The specifications of the ...
3answers
300 views

### Encrypting files with known headers

If I encrypt a file of a known format that has a lengthy header (e.g. an XML Excel file), does that render the encrypted file susceptible to a "known plain text" attack? In other words, if the first ...
4answers
158 views

### Which encryption method supports random reads?

I have a file containing 16-bit samples and I want to encrypt it, but the problem is that I need to be able to read any random 16-bit value from the file, and be to able to decrypt it, without reading ...
2answers
795 views

### Known-plaintext attack on Blowfish in ECB mode

The protection scheme I faced recently seems so weak nowadays that a simple exhaustive key search would be enough to recover the user key in an acceptable amount of time (it's OK, since almost no ...
1answer
163 views

### NP complete problems related to permutations of binary vectors or block ciphers

Recently, T.Gowers wrote a blog entry called "How not to prove that P is not equal to NP" about the Razborov/Rudich Natural Proofs paper. He has a construction where he talks about compositions of ...
2answers
178 views

### what are the uses of tweaks in block ciphers?

Few block cipher modes has additional parameter , tweaks , especially the ones that are format preserving . Now the comments section of this blog entry says such tweaks can be used for BIN numbers, ...
0answers
92 views

### Infinite depth BLAKE2b tree hashing

In the BLAKE2 paper, the authors define Maximal depth (1 byte): an integer in [1, 255] (set to 255 if unlimited, and to 1 only in sequential mode) Node depth (1 byte): an integer in [0, 255] ...
1answer
2k views

### Decrypting the password from SHA-512 hash value

I am currently studying AES algorithm and writing a Code using Python. I am trying to add 'Salt' into the user input password, Here is what I am doing, ...
3answers
187 views

### Decryption possible only within a period of time

Time-locked encryption and time-released encryption seem to be security systems focused on making sure that the decryption of certain message cannot take place before a certain time has passed. ...
2answers
161 views

### What is the intuition behind AES or SPN?

I'm new to cryptography and have just encountered AES and SPN. I would like to know how the S-box, permutation step and the MixColumn step help improve security. It seems to me (perhaps mistakenly) ...
2answers
89 views

### post-quantum threshold secret sharing

I am looking for a references for post-quantum threshold secret sharing schemes. I am especially interested in knowing whether any one based on one-way compressor functions or cryptographic hashes ...
0answers
254 views

### AES file encryption with PBKDF2. Safe parameters?

I'm developing an application that will use public key authentication to contact some webservice. So the user has his keypair on his computer, and I want that file to be encrypted using AES with a key ...

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