# All Questions

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### Authenticating Very Short (Sub-Block) Data

If I'm encrypting very short/small data - like an int or a long (32 or 64 bits), does it make any sense to authenticate the ciphertext, when using an "online" mode of operation (like EAX)? ...
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### Security proofs for CBC mode

I'm looking for different approaches to proofs for the security of CBC mode encryption. What are the best sources of information about this subject?
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### Point addition equation in projective co ordinates

How can I get point addition equation for elliptic curves in projective co ordinate system? Can I get it by changing $$x = X/Z$$ and $$y =Y/Z$$ in the equation for affine co ordinates' group law? ...
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### Question about the security of Substitution-Permutation Network

In general, we execute key-mixing, substitution and permutation sequentially in a single round in a n-round SPN, but if we execute n-round key-mixing firstly, n-round substitution secondly and n-round ...
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### What is the length of an RSA signature?

Is it the same as the bits of the key (So a 2048 bit system will yield a 2048 bit signature)? At most as the key? Or something else entirely?
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### Finding algorithm: desire RSA's uniqueness and ECDSA's space efficiency

I am asking for help in finding a signature algorithm with the following property: Given a message m and a private key prikey, ...
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### What is the technical name for a public key container in DER format?

I have a public key in the following (format-neutral; the type is specified by the DER bytes) format: ...
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### GCM: Math behind update of AAD after ciphertext has been processed

In the Bouncy Castle libraries, the GCM cipher implementation has an interesting property that does not seem described in the GCM papers (neither the NIST or the original paper): Some AAD was sent ...
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### Encryption with data loss protection [closed]

Is there an existing format out there that not only encrypts data but also protects against loss of data much like the QR codes can lose up to 33% of it's bits and the message is still recoverable. I ...
135 views

### On the privacy of perfect hash functions

I'm digging into the several algorithms for building (Minimal) Perfect Hash Functions. It seems that the recent works provide quite a few very efficient algorithms. However, I'm wondering how a ...
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### Pollard's Rho - Constructing the random function

Suppose we are aiming to solve the discrete logarithm problem $\alpha^x=\beta$ in some cyclic group $G=<\alpha>$. Then we are looking for a (uniformly) random sequence of elements of the form ...
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### Efficient AES - Use of T-tables

I'm really in trouble! I'm trying to understand how the T-tables in AES encryption work. But I don't know if I get the point. What I understood is that they are used to reduce the whole computation of ...
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### Scalar multiplication of elliptic curve point by a fraction

I'm implementing an algorithm that works on a generic finite cyclic group written in the classic multiplicative notation: (G,*) = < g > , n = |g| At a ...
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### Why does a perfect secrecy can be achieved when decryption correctness is not totally required?

By Shanon theorem, a perfect secrecy encryption scheme must use a key space of equal size as the message space. But when the correctness requirement is weakened such that $Pr[Dec_k(Enc_k(m))=m]=1/2$ ...
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### How Could the Music Industry Go About Implementing Crypto? [closed]

So I'm currently doing the Dan Boneh online Crypto course. In the last problem set there was a question on AACS for DVDs and wondered if a similar method could be used for music. Have the music ...
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### Self-Convergent Hashing

What is the name of an algorithm that hashes its result as an embed of larger set of data that results back to the hash? For instance where f(x) is the hashed result and x is the dataset, and ...
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### Verifying signature owner (without verifying the actual document)

Programming in Java. I have an RSA key-pair, a document, and a signature created with the Java Signature class, using SHA512WithRSA. In order to verify the signature, of course, I need to provide the ...
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### How can one generate pairs/triplets/…/n-ary MD5 collisions

Is there a way to generate n strings with the same MD5 hash?
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### Can we use numbers as a pad in the Vernam cipher - why or why not?

I was playing with the Vernam cipher on some online converter. But when I tried to encrypt my message string with numbers, it remained unchanged. Moreover, it was ignoring numbers and was encrypting ...
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### What does “G2” mean when used with X509 certficates and certificate authorities?

For example "Google Internet Authority G2"?. I thought it was another way of specifying Class 2 (for organizations, for which proof of identity is required) but then see certificates such as "VeriSign ...
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### AES Affine Transformation Polynom Representation

I have been reading on the polynomial representation of the AES Sbox in the PDF “Essential Algebraic Structure Within the AES” by Murphy and Robshaw (www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/~sean/crypto.pdf) on page 7, ...
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### SHA512withRSA - Looking for details about the Signature Algorithm

I am trying to find information about the Signature Algorithm SHA512withRSA and have been unsuccessful so far. In the current state, the signature is too long, so I would like to check the code for ...
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### How can I know when a file was signed?

I have been thinking about digitally signed documents (Word files and PDF files) and can not get over the fact about - how can I securely know when the file was signed? Scenario: If the date of the ...
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### breaking fully homomorphic encryption schemes

Fully homomorphic encryption schemes allow one to evaluate any arbitrary computation over encrypted data. Intuitively this seems to be too weak, irrespective of how we achieve this. An adversary who ...