# All Questions

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### CPA and pseudorandom generator

Just started learning about Cryptography and Network Security in general, and I can't seem to grasp the understanding of the following question. Please correct me if I am misunderstanding anything. ...
170 views

### FIPS 140-2 Compliance Testing

Is there any tool which can be used to test that implementations follow FIPS 140-2 Compliance ?
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### How to use “proof of knowledge” to verify the result of modular exponentiation

I am thinking about regarding proof of knowledge as the inverse of result verification in server aided computing. For example, a user asks the server to compute $R=x^y \bmod z$. Normally, the user ...
331 views

### Combining a keystream generator with a block cipher

I understand that: A stream cipher's security is diluted if the same key is used more than once. This is fixed by using an additional initialization vector in the keystream's computation. A block ...
228 views

### Is base64 the best two-way hash function to encrypt and trasmit a set of integer numbers via Internet?

I am writing a mobile game and I need to save my game data on my game server, So crackers can not find and access the saved files(data) on their mobile, the game data can be expressed by numbers, So, ...
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### Is it not secure if we use weak passwords to protect exported PKCS #12 files with private keys?

Consider a practical scenario as described in Microsoft's Expand Export a Certificate with the Private Key. We can see a certificate with private key can be exported as a PKCS #12 file, where the ...
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### Adding two RSA private key

We've constructed a new private RSA key from two known private RSA keys $Priv_1$ and $Priv_2$ as follows: $$p = next\underline{}prime\left(\frac{Priv_1(p) + Priv_2(p)}{2}\right)$$ and q = ...
73 views

### Is it secure to use order preserving encryption in practice?

When I read papers, I often see the comments, "order-preserving encryption is deterministic and it is not IND-CPA secure", or in general "it is not secure enough to be implemented in practice". So I ...
90 views

### Is there a way to slow down collision attacks using iteration?

The simple way to iterate a hash function $H(H(m))$ only makes brute force preimage finding slower, but leaves collision attacks as fast since a collision in the inner hash function is a collision in ...
76 views

### Implementing 5 modes of operation with a hash function

Is it possible to implement any of the 5 modes of operation (ECB, CBC, OFB, CFB, CTR) with a hash function?
266 views

### (Re-)Using deterministic IV in CTR mode / How to: deterministic AES

I am aware of the requirement of an IV to be unique in CTR mode (Why must IV/key-pairs not be reused in CTR mode?). However I wonder if I can use an IV depending on the plaintext deterministically. ...
50 views

### Attacks on WinRAR volumes reusing same password?

I have quite a few WinRAR volumes that are all encrypted with the same password. The password is long and unbruteforceable, but I recently read that WinRAR uses PBDKF2 as its key-derivation function ...
105 views

### Double Encryption Using same key

I am new to crypto and wondered what would happen when we encrypt twice using any algorithm and the same key. Consider two block ciphers A and B. We generate the ciphertext as c = A(B(m)) for any ...
33 views

### TLS: How is the shared secret (via Diffie-Hellman) used in the symmetric crypto function?

So let's say we use a cipher suite with DH key exchange and AES symmetric encryption. Alice and Bob both end up with the same shared secret key $k$. How is this value ...
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### Limit the number of private key uses for RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 with SHA-256 signature?

Assuming all messages and their signatures are available to the attacker, is it secure to use the same RSA private key to sign many messages (roughly $10^{6}$) via PKCS#11 ...
86 views

### Is there a practical security difference between OTP with letters and OTP with numbers?

Is there a practical security difference between “OTP with letters” and “OTP with numbers”? If, for example, I encrypt a letter message using Tabula Recta with a random letter key, I would get: ...
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283 views

### When is the Random Oracle model (not) necessary?

Hash functions are often used in cryptographic schemes and protocols, and that doesn't necessarily mean that their proofs are on the Random Oracle model. That leads to the following question: What is ...