# All Questions

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### Is base64 the best two-way hash function to encrypt and trasmit a set of integer numbers via Internet?

I am writing a mobile game and I need to save my game data on my game server, So crackers can not find and access the saved files(data) on their mobile, the game data can be expressed by numbers, So, ...
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### Implementing 5 modes of operation with a hash function

Is it possible to implement any of the 5 modes of operation (ECB, CBC, OFB, CFB, CTR) with a hash function?
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### CPA and pseudorandom generator

Just started learning about Cryptography and Network Security in general, and I can't seem to grasp the understanding of the following question. Please correct me if I am misunderstanding anything. ...
53 views

### Attacks on WinRAR volumes reusing same password?

I have quite a few WinRAR volumes that are all encrypted with the same password. The password is long and unbruteforceable, but I recently read that WinRAR uses PBDKF2 as its key-derivation function ...
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### Is it secure to use order preserving encryption in practice?

When I read papers, I often see the comments, "order-preserving encryption is deterministic and it is not IND-CPA secure", or in general "it is not secure enough to be implemented in practice". So I ...
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### Limit the number of private key uses for RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 with SHA-256 signature?

Assuming all messages and their signatures are available to the attacker, is it secure to use the same RSA private key to sign many messages (roughly $10^{6}$) via PKCS#11 ...
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### What was the first MD5 collision ever constructed?

We all know that MD5's collision resistance is severly broken. But when thinking of "random" strings with great cryptographic importance I've come up with NIST's curve seeds and MD5 collisions. But ...
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### Symmetric stream cipher, is it known?

I am thinking on a simple symmetric stream cipher. My first idea is the following: The key is a set of array of random bytes ($\underline{k}_1$ ... $\underline{k}_n$), whose length is $l_1$, $l_2$, ....
115 views

### Signing and verifying message consisting of several parts

Given a message $m$ that consists of several parts. we want to be able to verify individual parts or a combination thereof. The simplest solution is independently signing each part. But since ...
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### Modified version of a CPA-secure encryption scheme

The following encryption scheme: choose a random string $r \leftarrow \{0,1\}^n$ and compute the ciphertext $c= \thinspace <c_0, c_1>= \thinspace <r, F_k(r) \oplus m>$, assuming $F$ a PRF; ...
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### Does $(u_1=r_1\cdot x,\ \ w_1=r_1\cdot z, \ \ u_2=r_2\cdot x,\ \ w_2=r_2\cdot z)$ Leak Information?

Consider we have a fixed value $x$. We pick values $r_1,r_2,z\leftarrow \mathbb{F}_p$, where $p$ is a large prime number, and it is public. So $r_1,r_2,z$ are uniformly random values. We compute ...
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### Does SRP also authenticate the server to the client?

The Secure Remote Password (SRP) protocol lets a client prove to a server that it knows a specific password without revealing that password to the server. The server stores a cryptographic verifier ...
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### In bilinear pairings, is it possible to let someone be only able to decrypt ciphertexts in $G_1$ but not able to decrypt the ciphertexts in $G$?

For example, in Don Boneh et al.'s paper "Evaluating 2-DNF Formulas on Ciphertexts", they gave an encryption system that the cihpertext can be in either $G$ (when only additional homomorphic ...
217 views

### Obtain 384 bits from a 256bit MasterSecret

I'm currently implementing, with crypto++, and AES tranmsission system, whose key is based on a previous ...
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### Is there a way to slow down collision attacks using iteration?

The simple way to iterate a hash function $H(H(m))$ only makes brute force preimage finding slower, but leaves collision attacks as fast since a collision in the inner hash function is a collision in ...
856 views

### Is it secure to concatenate two 16-bit random numbers into a 32-bit one?

I'm working on a security application for RF modules aimed to protect a communication between an autarkic sensor and a line-powered receiver against MITM (man-in-the-middle attacks). I decided to use ...
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### What is the meaning of the overlapping region on OTP-perfect secrecy diagram?

I'm new to cryptography. I want to ask about OTP-perfect secrecy diagram like figure below: On the overlapping region (middle), notated by R(X;Y;Z). R can be calculated by I(X;Y) - I(X;Y|Z). ...
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### Encryption on the cloud with versioning

Can file-versioning, which is available for instance in Dropdox, weaken the security of encrypted files if someone is able to see two or more snapshots of the ciphertext at different times? To be ...
109 views

### Double Encryption Using same key

I am new to crypto and wondered what would happen when we encrypt twice using any algorithm and the same key. Consider two block ciphers A and B. We generate the ciphertext as c = A(B(m)) for any ...
219 views

### FIPS 140-2 Compliance Testing

Is there any tool which can be used to test that implementations follow FIPS 140-2 Compliance ?
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### Where can I find a versatile PKI and library leveraging curve25519?

I note that Things that use Curve25519 provides a long list of protocols, software, and libraries that leverage curve25519, but I'm wondering if there is any such software that more fully implements a ...
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### What are the practical limitations of Asymmetric encryption vs Symmetric encryption? [duplicate]

I hear it commonly said that the advantages of Symmetric encryption are speed and no limit to the amount of data that can be symmetrically encrypted. I also hear it commonly said that the advantages ...
67 views

### Subkey generation in OMAC1/CMAC with XTEA?

All implementations of CMAC that I have found so far use a block cipher with the same key and block size. However, XTEA enciphers a 64 bit block by using a 128 bit key. If ...
207 views

### Picking a nonce in the context of CCM (CTR with CBC-MAC) mode

After having read the RFC 3610: Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM) and the Wikipedia article on CTR mode, I'm not sure how a nonce should be picked. The RFC says: A nonce N of 15-L octets. Within the ...
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### apprSVP in lattices

The approximate Shortest Vector Problem (apprSVP) is a problem where, given the basis and the approximation factor $\gamma$ (a function of the dimension $n$), one must find a vector $v$ belonging to ...
100 views

### Explain same encryption time for two files of different sizes

I am encrypting files in a two layered fashion as follows: Inner layer is 128 bit AES-CTR encryption Outer/Second layer is a simple one time padding with a particular key. While testing the ...
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### How to propagate error in variable-sized message?

I want to design a scheme to encrypt a variable-length message with a secret key, to provide confidentiality. The message is a short human-readable text string with byte granularity, let's say under ...
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### How to determine the RSA Private key size from the Public.key file?

Question: How to determine the RSA Private key size from the Public.key file? Just roughly, how big it could be? ...
101 views

### Authenticate ephemeral key exchange

At the moment I'm designing a crytosystem for a VPN server. One of the requirements is Perfect Forward Secrecy, but I'n not sure how to implement authentication on the ephemeral key exchange. If both ...