# All Questions

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### Is ssl_sign safe as it is using OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING

I've been hearing a lot of scare talk about PKCS1 padding attacks. Is PKCS1 v1.5 safe in signatures as it is practically transporting only message digest? I'm using it in one of my applications so ...
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### Can RSA-PSS signing be made deterministic without loss of security?

Is it possible to make RSA-PSS signing deterministic without loss of security? Specifically, I would use Blake2b of the key and message to generate the salt.
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### Beavers Triple Vs BGW Multiplication on MPC

Typically MPC protocols that are secure against semi-honest adversaries recommend the use of the revised GMW multiplication protocol by Gennaro et al. This is not the case against Active adversaries ...
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### How does Hash with random cryptography work?

I am new in this world of cryptography and while reading some articles I got stuck into something that I did not understand correctly: the use of hash based on random cryptography. On my knowledge, ...
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### Is Threefish the only cipher with 1024 bits of security?

Threefish has up to a massive 1024 bits of security. Is it the only cipher with such overkill security?
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### Software timing attack using Kocher method

What's the minimum number of random sample points needed in Kocher's timing attack, so that we can determine enough valid measurements of $A_{i,r}$ and $D_{i,r}$? I'm working from this paper: Volker ...
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### Majority encryption algorithm?

Assume that I want to leave an encrypted message to a group of $n$ people in a way that they can only decrypt it if they work together in the following sense: For some fixed $k < n$ every ...
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### Does OpenSSL apply ASN1 encoding to the hash before signing using ECDSA?

I read on stack overflow that OpenSSL performs ASN1 encoding to the hash before signing it for, for ECDSA. In other words, OpenSSL performs the following steps when for an Elliptic curve key ...
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### What is the meaning of IND-CCA secure under standard model? [duplicate]

I notice that in many research papers (viz. "Universal hash proofs and a paradigm for adaptive chosen ciphertext secure public-key encryption" by Cramer and Shoup) the authors showed that their ...
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### Weaknesses of RSA for $e_A\neq e_B: \gcd(e_A,e_B)=1$ [duplicate]

If two people, A and B, are using a common RSA modulus N, and they select distinct exponents $e_A$ and $e_B$, such that they are coprime, why does this mean that someone can decrypt (in polynomial ...
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### Increase in security with increase in size of salt [duplicate]

Does increasing or doubling the size of salt result in improved security? It will require some extra time to brute force the passwords, but any added advantage?
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### Why is 128-bit considered “medium term” security?

Why is 128-bit encryption considered good enough for medium term security only? How is expected to be eventually broken? Quantum computing or brute force attack?
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### Confusion about definition of homomorphic encryption

I am trying to better understand homomorphic encryption, but I feel like I keep getting inconsistent information in the papers that I am reading. One of the papers I am reading says the following: ...
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### What is the definition of Selective Security?

What exactly is the definition of "selective security"? For instance, it is used in [KSW'13] (Predicate Encryption Supporting Disjunctions, Polynomial Equations, and Inner Products), but is there a ...
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### Inverting RSA using an oracle

Say you are given an efficient deterministic algorithm 'I' that can invert the RSA function on 1% of the points in $Z^*_{N}$. That is to say that if y $\in$ $Z^*_{N}$ is a "good" point for 'I', ...
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### ElGamal - What if the Decisional Diffie-Hellmann problem could be solved?

I have read that if the DDH problem could be efficiently solved, the IND-CPA would not hold for ElGamal. I don't see why it makes ElGamal less secure if you have $g^a$, $g^b$ and $g^c$
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### What is the security strength of an n-bit HMAC?

HMACs depend on preimage resistance, or so I have read. The security strength of hash function with an $n$-bit output against collision attacks is $2^{\frac{n}{2}}$. Against preimage attacks, it is ...

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