# All Questions

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### Algebraic Normal Form Piccolo

I'm trying to verify the claim of paper Improved Algebraic Fault Analysis: A Case Study on Piccolo and with Applications to other Lightweight Block Ciphers about the numbers of equations in algebraic ...
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### Universal hashing techniques based on matrix multiplication

The article here says below, about a universal hashing technique based on matrix multiplications. "However, there is a little known method based on using a random matrix. It has lots of advantages - ...
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### A question about elliptic curves and finite fields in bilinear pairings

Based on what mentioned in the paper "Pairings For Cryptographers" http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166218X08000449 the two inputs of a pairing map are two members of two additive ...
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### How does AES-CCM work in BitLocker?

I'm studying this white-paper: http://jessekornblum.com/publications/di09.pdf The author says that using AES-CCM with the external key (highlighted in green at page 9, figure 4) and with the nonce at ...
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### Convergent encryption has dictionary attack, but why hash function doesn't?

Convergent encryption (CE), $E_k(d)$, is a way to encrypt the data $d$, with the characteristic that the encryption key $k$ is $k=h(d)$, where $h(\cdot)$ is a cryptographic hash function. Consider a ...
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### Public and Private key encryption in simple math

Can anybody show me (or point me to resource) how to generate public key and private key with simple math? Steps which can be reproduced in a simple calculator – so the message, keys all can be ...
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### Types of cryptography

We have cryptography based on hard problems from number theory, like DDH. When we speak about symmetric cryptography with AES, a mode of encryption (CBC, ...), what is the type of problem ? What is ...
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### A question or few about Mental Poker

I have spent some time studying the "Mental Poker" protocol (sometimes called SRA), initially proposed by Shamir, Rivest, and Adleman -- ...
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### Modulo settings for successful encryption?

I saw this awesome video which shows how encryption works using "discrete logarithm". The example says: $3^x\mod17$. I understood that $3$ is called “generator”, because it has no "straight" root and ...
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### El Gamal encryption scheme and symmetric encryption scheme

Consider the El Gamal encryption scheme, a symmetric encryption scheme (KG,E,D), and the following hybrid encryption scheme having an encryption algorithm that, on input a public key (G,q,g,h), where ...
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### How we transfer 128bits cipher to a 4x4 matrix for AES input?

Why the input cipher for AES encryption, can write in 4x4 matrix with 8 bits entires, and can said is 128bits? if each cell is 8bits in binary, how we said this matrix is represent 128bits?
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### Index of coincidence for completely random text over k alphabets

I'm confused about /Friedman's method 2 (using a table with column of k size of key, and n/k rows, n is the total size for cipher text) m = ...
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### Is this a correct understanding of Universal Hash Functions?

I'm studying universal hash functions and have been reading several papers but now i'm focusing on Wegman and Carters original paper from 1979 (Universal classes of hash functions) and the H1 class. ...
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### Hill cipher key space

Key space is the set of all possible keys that can be used to generate a key. We using the number of valid key to describe it. I've given a hill cipher of block size $k$ over alphabet of size $p$, ...
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### Is there a malleable pubkey digital signature scheme?

I'm trying to find a special kind of Digital Signature Scheme. The scheme should allow me to transform a signature $s=\text{sign}(sk,m)$ (for a private key $sk$ and a message $m$) into a signature ...
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### Definition of a Statistical Test

In Professor Boneh's online Cryptography course at Coursera, I am a little puzzled by his definition of a statistical test where he writes: A(x) = iff |#0(x) - #1(x)| <= 10.√n Now, if – as ...
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### Is timestamping possible without publishing?

The Wikipedia article Trusted Timestamping states that we can timestamp data by publishing it's hash. Publishing can be done either independently or via a third-party publisher, as explained by ...
To my understanding in a 1-n Oblivious Transfer the Sender has some Values $X_1...X_N$ and the receiver wants to retreave some $X_I$, with $1 \le I \le N$. Can one now somehow guarantee, that the ...