# All Questions

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### Is it possible to encrypt a message's destination as well as its content?

I have imagined a way to break through any kind of censorship but since I don't have enough professional knowledge of cryptography I don't know whether it is feasible or not. If there is a method ...
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### Share two secrets between two parties [duplicate]

Alice has a secret A, Bob has a secret B. They have a secure channel and a MAC. They each want to know the other's secret, but don't particularly want to give up their own. However, neither will not ...
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### How do we know a cryptographic primitive won't fail suddenly?

It took more than a decade from when MD5 looked like it was going to break to the point when it was actually broken. That's more than a decade of warning. How can we be sure that when our ...
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### Trying to understand the use of ECC in TLS certificates

I was looking the certificate of this website: https://www.cloudflare.com that has an ECC based certification. I'm just curious to know if is possible to understand which elliptic curve is used and ...
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### Is it OK to substitute a PRF for a random oracle?

Random oracles don't exist, but aren't PRFs essentially indistinguishable from them? So why can't we substitute pseudorandom functions wherever we use random oracles? And if we can do this, why is ...
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### Brute Force on Key

If you are brute forcing a key and trying trillions of combos, how will you know when you accidentally hit the right answer? Clearly you can't look at each decoded answer to see which "looks right".
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### Is it OK to use a hash of the key as nonce for AES GCM?

I don't see an immediate risk of using the hash of the key as the nonce for AES GCM. Is there something I could be overlooking?
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### How is information disclosed by modular multiplication?

Consider the case that $c = a \cdot b \mod p$ where $p$ is a known prime and $0 < a < p$ and $0 < b < p$ are unknown integers numbers. Furthermore, some bits on the value of $c$ are ...
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### Sending the next one-time pad key in this one-time pad message? [duplicate]

I am doing a research project on cryptography next year, and I'm really new to cryptography. This isn't some really advanced thing or anything, and I'm just trying to come up with something basic. ...
116 views

### Secure content-defined chunking

I am writing an app that needs to split a stream of plaintext bytes into variable-sized chunks (for deduplication). The way this is traditionally done is using a rolling hash function defined over ...
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### Anyone familiar with domain of hash functions in bilinear pairing based system?

I need a clarification regarding domain of hash functions. I have defined a bilinear pairing based system as follows: Let G1 and G2 be cyclic multiplicative groups of prime order p generated by g1 ...
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### Which attacks are possible against raw/textbook elliptic curve?

A quick question, we know that raw RSA is a no go. To solve this we have different PKCS standards forcing structure on the input messages. For EC the story is something else. For signatures we have ...
1k views

### AES-CTR in BouncyCastle with string key, without IV or salt [closed]

Our team is encrypting data using a javascript snippet. My problem is I'm supposed to parse them back in my Java code. I am having troubles identifying parts of the algorithm. The code says it's CTR ...
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I have an application that I use sha3-512 to hash my password with a randomly generated 64 characters salt for each password. Is it bad to use this method to store passwords? I know many people ...
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### Property of Multiplicative group of integers mod n

While practising on paper I've realized of a property of multiplicative group of integers mod $n$. First, let's define $G$ being $p$ a prime and $g$ a primitive root mod n or a generator of a ...
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### Is it possible to make an encrypted text look like a sentence consists of random words?

Without having any knowledge of common encryption methods, I wonder if an encrypted text can look like random valid words as if it is a sentence. Is it possible? If so, what methods should I use?
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### Correctness in Multi-party Computation: Real/Ideal Paradigm in Malicious case

I need to know: 1- What does exactly correctness mean in this context? 2- How is correctness implied in malicious model? 3- If the correctness means " the adversary cannot cause the output to be ...
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### Can Hill Chipher be considered as Asymmetric?

I know hill chipher is a block chipher ,We produce decryption key by inverse of key matirx but we still use different key for decryption. Therefore Can we say that Hill chipher is asymmetric chipher? ...
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### Is $(a,g^{ab})$ computationally indistinguishable from $(a, g^c)$?

From wikipedia, the DDH assumption says，given a cyclic group $G$ of order $q$ with generator $g$, $(g^a, g^b, g^{ab})$ looks like $(g^a, g^b, g^c)$ where $a,b,c$ are randomly and independently chosen ...
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### Euler's Totient function for semiprime numbers

I have noticed, during the period I spent studying RSA, that Euler's Totient function can be calculated in another way than $ϕ(N) =(p-1).(q-1)$ Let me explain myself by pointing to a brief example: ...
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### verify fails on 3rd party after signing with BouncyCastle

I am using BouncyCastle to perform ECDH and then encrypt the data between the mobile (Android) and my hardware with ECIES. It all works fine. When I try to sign a byte array and send it to the ...
107 views

### Encryption through multiplication of encoded key [closed]

Yesterday I finished programming my own encryption program. It is using an input and a key. Here are all the steps it is going through. For an example, let say the ...
62 views

### Shamir secret sharing with field 2^8

I want to split a message using Shamir's Secret Sharing by splitting each byte of it so the field I'm using is $2^8$. Assume $(2,2)$ scheme, i.e., splitting it into $2$ shares and both of them are ...
176 views

### Test vectors for PRESENT algorithm?

I'm looking for Test Vectors to test my implementation of PRESENT. I would like to test a different input from the usual where the key and the plaintext are either 000..000 or FFF...FFF.
129 views

### Why not put MAC in fixed position and cover padding for MAC-then-encrypt?

The biggest problem with using MtE with a mode where it's known to be secure (CBC) is with the padding, where you can't retrieve the authentication until you know where it is by looking at the padding ...
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### Would key stretching help mitigate concerns with “verifiably random”?

Daniel J. Bernstein (and others) have expressed concern over how "verifiably random" curve parameters are generated. He points out that hashing a public seed doesn't prevent, say, the US government ...
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### How was the MDS matrix used in AES chosen?

$$\begin{pmatrix}2&3&1&1\\ 1&2&3&1\\ 1&1&2&3\\ 3&1&1&2\end{pmatrix}$$ In the above MDS matrix used in AES encryption, why are the numbers $2$,$3$ and ...
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### Why does OMAC2 exist?

The specification for OMAC has the following to say about OMAC2: For OMAC2, we adopted u−1 instead of u2 as Cst2. It requires one right shift to compute L· u−1 instead of one left shift to compute ...