# All Questions

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### what are DP and DQ in Encryption by RSA in c#

I want to know about these tags in RSA Encryption by private Key. when I use this code: ...
232 views

### Calculate the RSA private exponent from the CRT parameters

I am trying to make the RSA structure of Openssl manually, knowing the public key ($n$, $e$) and the CRT parameters $p$, $q$, $d_P$, $d_Q$, and $u = q^{-1} \mod p$. That is, I want to get the $d$ ...
156 views

### Using modulus in one time pad?

I would like to know what is the real purpose of using a modulus in the equivalent of a Vernam cipher: Data $d$, large number $M$. Assume the key length is $\lambda$ bits. Then $M$ could be ...
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The common way to store passwords in web applications is this form: $$hash(password||salt)$$ Does it make sense to store them in the following form instead:? ...
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### What's causing the poor randomness in this program: the LCG, or the program logic itself?

(Crypto Gods, I should begin by stressing that I haven't lost my mind: I'm not doing this in real life, I'm just trying to understand the theory behind what's happening. With your help, hopefully I ...
159 views

### Maximum password length in PBKDF2

Haven't found any clear cut answer in Google so its up to you guys: DK = PBKDF2(PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen) Here, what is the upper limit of password length? ...
157 views

### Diffie–Hellman Ephemerality Nomenclature

Below is a short excerpt of available DH cipher suites available on a machine. I understand EDH is ephemeral DH, and that ECDH is for Elliptic-Curve DH which is computationally faster. ECDHE is both ...
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### Constant data as input to hash

I want to use hash function on some data, and part of this data, might be constant for a certain period. The output of the hash function is used as authentication data (MAC). I want to know if there ...
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### Does 3-DES take approximately the same time to encrypt 1B and 1KB?

I am using 3-DES to encrypt some data in Java. I decided to run some tests and plot some graphics to decide how to optimally pack data for its encryption (see how encryption/decryption time behave ...
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### Is my implementation of a PRG at least intuitively secure?

I've devised a PRG using Bezier curves , constructed with Bernstein polynomials, and I was wondering if you guys could help me with some suggestions or constructive criticism. Basicly I take a random ...
124 views

### Storing encryption key

It's my first time using stackexchange! So, I am doing a password manager in Java. But now I am VERY confused because of the encryption. There will be the program login, where the user types its ...
137 views

### Collecting entropy: can I use timing of reading as a separate source from the reading itself?

I'm implementing an entropy gathering program. For that I collect 2 bits from two gpio-pins connected to a random source. I whiten this stream of bits using the von Neumann decorrelation algorithm. ...
166 views

### How does Web Cryptography API produce secure PRNG?

How does Web Cryptography API (eg window.crypto.getRandomValues) produce secure PRNG? Specifications: https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/webcrypto-api/raw-file/tip/spec/Overview.html#RandomSource-interface ...
579 views

### Cryptool - DES (ECB and CBC ) - double encyption

So, I uploaded a text file in Cryptool and encrypted it with DES-ECB with the key FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF. I encrypted the cipher text again, with DES-CBC using ...
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### Exchanging session keys over symmetric-key channel?

I know session keys are exchanged (in SSL e.g.) over public-key cryptography channels but I was wondering if there are already known algorithms/methods for exchanging session keys over a symmetric-key ...
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### TLS - sharing 1792 bits of unidirectional keys

I've just watched a video on the TLS protocol and learnt that it uses unidirectional keys (meaning keys for both sides, from browser to server and from server to browser). Given that the server uses ...
117 views

### Strategy for random CTR initial counter values

Alice has a secret key which she uses to encrypt messages in CTR mode. CTR mode is critically vulnerable to counter reuse, and Alice has a problem: she has terrible memory and no pen to write anything ...
385 views

### Precomputation attacks on RSA

Are precomputation attacks - such as outlined in RFC 3610 chapter 5 - possible on RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature generation? If yes, are such attacks taken into account when calculating the cryptographic ...
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I would like to know what (if any) are the advantages of using Montgomery Power ladder over the Double-and-Add-Always algorithm. I think that firstly, Monty would be slightly faster than DoubleAndAdd. ...
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### Pairing Field size as security parameter

I have read Pairings for cryptographers: It states that the groups $G_1$ and $G_2$ are groups of points on the curve and the group GT is a subgroup of the multiplicative group of a related finite ...
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### Efficiency of chaining AES “groups” of blocks

From ISO/IEC 23001-7:2012/Amd 1:2012 10.2.2 Creation of Initialization Vector (Informative) Decryption efficiency may be improved if subsequent initialization vectors use the value of the last ...
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### How does CBC work with read-write volumes?

I have read an article about an attack on LUKS in CBC mode and had a look at the WP article about CBC and now I am confused. If I have understood that correctly then changing the plaintext of a block ...
160 views

### SIMONs Cryptoanalysis

I'm reading Cryptanalysis of the SIMON Family of Block Ciphers. In Section 3.1, it says: For SIMON, consider an n-bit input difference $\alpha= x\oplus x'$ to $F$ of Hamming weight one. As the ...
118 views

### Is there a number of tries after which Hashcash is guaranted to be solved?

Hashcash is a proof-of-work system in which the Sender needs to find $Y$ such as the first (let's say 20) bits of $H(X+Y)$ are zeros where $H$ is a one-way hash function, $X$ is a fixed value and $+$ ...
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### Is it necessary to generate a private key for each encryption process?

I read about Asymmetric key cryptography like EG-ECC , RSA, ECDH. I understand the concept of mathematics to these algorithms. But I have wondered about the public key for sender and private key for ...
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### What are the two parts of SHA1's compression function called?

SHA1's compression function has two distinct parts: one where 16 words are expanded into 80 words, and one where the 80 words are used over 80 rounds. Are there specific names or terms for each of ...
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### Pairings in Identity-based encryption vs. Attribute-based encryption

The bilinear map in Identity-based encryption should satisfy $e(aP,bQ)=e(P,Q)^{a\cdot b}$ whereas Attribute-based encryption schemes use $e(P^a,Q^a)=e(P,Q)^{a\cdot b}$ with $a,b\in\mathbb{Z}_p$ and ...
161 views

### Solving Vignere Encryption

I'm currently trying to crack a cypher that I believe is Vignere Encrypted and I'm currently stuck. I calculated the key length by finding repeated sequences in the cypher and calculating the the ...
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### Using Stream Cipher as CSPRNG

Are there any guidelines or justification for converting a stream cipher algorithm for use as a CSPRNG? For instance, lets say I wanted to convert one of the eStream portfolio Profile 1 (software) ...
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### RSA Key Generation Parameters - public exponent, certainty, string-to-key count

I want to know what values are appropriate for the public exponent and certainty when generating an RSA Key (for example using Bouncy Castle RSAKeyGenerationParameters function). What is the ...
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### How is the curve equation used in ECC?

I have a hard time learning exactly how the elliptic curve equation is used in the ECC. $$y^2 = x^3+ax+b$$ If someone knows and could explain to me in simple steps how this is done or a link to it ...
384 views

### AES encryption takes more time to decrypt than encrypt

I am trying to find how much time an AES encryption and decryption takes for a given amount of data and key. In all the cases encryption takes way lesser processing time than decryption. I tried to ...
237 views

### distribution for a subset of md5

I need to uniquely assign a 32 bit integer to a collection of human readable strings (i.e. they will not be generated with hash collision in mind). I don't expect more than a few thousand strings. I ...
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### Is this an acceptable implementation of ARC4 encryption for my system?

I am building an open source hardware system that will be used to control things over the internet. The system consists of a Base Station and Modules which use wireless communication at 2.4GHz to ...
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I'm looking to do some research into how RSA is used in the wild. I've read through a few papers and it seems other researchers have had no trouble collecting millions of keys to perform analysis on. ...
157 views

### Reseeding a PRNG with the generated PRN

Would reseeding a PRNG with the PRN from the previous generation have any effects whatsoever on the quality of the generated numbers; if so, does this depend on the PRNG used, or are the effects ...
561 views

### Attack of an RSA signature scheme using PKCS#1 v1.5 encryption padding

My best interpretation of this question is that Java's crypto API has been subverted to perform RSA signature using PKCS#1 v1.5 encryption padding. Assume the signature $S$ of a message $M$ is ...
259 views

### Why should a signature use PSS padding in RSA?

Suppose I send a message using AES (private keys already negotiated securely) and I send a hash of this message using RSA (encrypted with private key) with OAEP to verify the authenticity and ...
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### Hashing fundamentals

I have some ideas floating around my head for exploring hashing functions, but I want to make sure what I think I know is actually true, before basing a house of cards on it :) Let’s start with some ...
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### Find out which keying option is being used in Triple DES?

As far as I know, there are three standard options for the three keys $K_1$, $K_2$ and $K_3$ used by 3DES: Three distinct keys. The first and last key are equal: $K_1$ = $K_3$. Three equal keys: ...
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### Can a properly implemented ed25519 private key with public underlying data be cracked?

If the underlying data is public albeit hashed with SHA-512, does that make a difference on the strength of ed25519? Please quantify the extent. Can ed25519 be cracked after a certain amount of ...
188 views

### One-way function and uninvertible function [closed]

How can I prove the following: If $f$ is a one-way function, then it is an uninvertible function?
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### Predicting Java's PRNG using partial output

I have a program (a game) that uses Java's nextInt function with parameter 0x10000 to get a random 16-bit number. Java's ...
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### Shamir Secret Sharing Modular Reduction

Say players use Shamir's secret sharing to share a value $k$ such that each player now holds $k_i$, a share of $k$. How can they securely compute $k \bmod m$ for some $m$. Of course they can ...
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### Efficiently computing the neutral element in a ring isomorphic to Z/NZ?

Edited to clarify question So my question is whether anyone knows of an efficient way to compute the neutral element (I'm gonna call it 1, but the operation doesn't have to be multiplication) in an ...