# All Questions

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### SHA512withRSA - Looking for details about the Signature Algorithm

I am trying to find information about the Signature Algorithm SHA512withRSA and have been unsuccessful so far. In the current state, the signature is too long, so I would like to check the code for ...
84 views

### Generating S boxes that satisfy Coppersmith's criteria?

I'd like to generate all possible 6-bit to 4-bit S-Boxes that satisfy the criteria for S-Box design given by Coppersmith, but I have a few doubts: How many such S-Boxes are possible? Is there any ...
60 views

Padding oracle attacks are a huge nuisance when using CBC mode encryption without authentication. Wouldn't all those padding oracle attacks be avoided if we'd just use bit padding instead? Or is does ...
110 views

### Is this correct way to generate stream cipher using AES CTR mode?

We are implementing searchable encryption techniques proposed by Song et al in Java for a paper[1]. The schemes need a Stream Cipher for achieving search over encrypted data. The stream of random bits ...
56 views

### Is multiple encryption using NaCL and TLS better?

In general, the idea of multiple encryption sounds interesting - for creating stronger cyphers (especially against implementation bugs), one could always get the configuration details wrong and mess ...
76 views

### Prevent MITM attack while encrypting data by using ElGamal ECC?

I am using ElGamal ECC to encrypt my plain text data. I want to ensure that my data is safe from a Man-In-The-Middle attack. What methodology I can adopt to achieve this goal? How can we prevent a ...
42 views

### How can finding a collision help an attacker with tampering messages with HMAC

As stated in the HMAC RFC (RFC 2104): The strongest attack known against HMAC is based on the frequency of collisions for the hash function H. How can a collision benefit an attacker? I would ...
85 views

I recently came across an interesting paper detailing the use of hardened session cookies. Each cookie includes a preimage of the password hash, and the preimage is hashed once more and compared to ...
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### Encryption method with master key and user keys

I am working on a concept for a game that in the end will allow data sharing via plain text, but I would like to give the user the option of encrypting the data so that other players cannot modify it, ...
80 views

### Construct block cipher from a smaller one with mixing function

I read about the AEZ encryption scheme as presented at the CAESAR competition. To me it seems like a construction of an arbitrary length block cipher from a smaller one. The key component is the ...
59 views

### Cryptanalysis of Nonlinear Table Lookup

I am trying to derive a symmetric key based on a master key, combined with a simple string. Based on my limited knowledge, it seems that something like PBKDF2 would do that for me in a well-defined ...
102 views

### Are there any cryptographic flaws in my webhook signing process?

Out of band my services have exchanged secret keys. These secret keys are then used to prevent two things of the webhooks (HTTP calls triggered by Service A to Service B when an event occurs in ...
113 views

### Straightforward method for hampering frequency analysis on deterministic encryption

I'm brainstorming some different ways of making deterministic encryption more secure. I want to use deterministic encryption to preserve searchability over the keywords in a document set. However, I ...
47 views

### run length testing [closed]

Looking for guidance/references with/about calculations: I am designing a widget that creates N-bit binary sequences. My customers target spec for the sequence's minimum entropy is X bits/bit. I plan ...
70 views

### Composing and Inverting Symmetric Encryption Keys

Using a symmetric encryption algorithm $E$ on a message $M$, users usually send $E(M)$ to the recipient and then the recipient will compute $E^{-1}(E(M))=M$ to retrieve the message. For what symmetric ...
47 views

I'm trying to analyze a login protocol based on symmetric key cryptography. I'm just starting out, so this may very likely be a very bad idea, but nonetheless I'd like to hear your thoughts on it. ...
132 views

### ECDH anonymous key exchange to avoid PKI

I want to use TLS to encrypt the communication between peers in a P2P network. Each peer has a well known 256bit peer identifier (the public key of a 256bit elliptic curve keypair). Both peers need ...
70 views

### Should I calculate two CMACs over two different strings that share common bytes?

I am trying to secure my RF communication in which one RF package consists of two separate segments. I need to make sure that one segment of one packet is not replaced with a valid segment of some ...
361 views

### Probability that two different files can have same MD5 hash for both an unencrypted and encrypted version (AES256, same key between files)

This math is way over my head, and don't even know if it can be done, but here are the assumptions: Take unencrypted File [Fu] of variable length, but assume 100KB as an example. Let File [Fe] be ...
65 views

### Is it possible to deduce the value of a string when given its hash and multiples hashes of the string + other known strings?

To be clear, I have access to $H(S)$ and as many $H(S||K)$ as I want. Every string $K$ is known. Can I use the extra information to my advantage and try to deduce $S$, without requiring bruteforce? Or ...
126 views

### Getting 88bytes cipher output from 48bytes input in AES

The other day I saw this Hybrid Cryptographic Algorithm in the Google and felt curious about it. I am trying to understand this Hybrid Algorithm. And hopefully its not so hard to understand whats ...
57 views

### Is there a deterministic number generator that allows me to share some (not all) numbers I've generated using a smallish seed?

I was just wondering, is there a type of deterministic number generator that allows me to share some (not all) numbers I've generated using a smallish seed? I have pairs of random numbers and need to ...
119 views

### Is a collision attack possible on MD5 if message is known partially

Is it possible to find $m'$ such that $\operatorname{MD5}(m'||m_1)=\operatorname{MD5}(m_1||m_2)$ if I know $m_2$ and $\operatorname{MD5}(m_1||m_2)$? Is this a collision or a preimage attack? Also in ...
376 views

### RSA: Fermat's Little Theorem and the multiplicative inverse relationship between mod n and mod phi(n)

I'm learning about the proof of the RSA encryption algorithm, and I'm clearly fudging or missing something, because for me it doesn't add up. When generating keys for RSA encryption, we make sure ...
157 views

### Security of the iterated Hill Cipher

I can understand that the basic Hill Cipher is susceptible to known plaintext attacks, but suppose the Hill Cipher is modified into the Iterated Hill Cipher. For a plaintext $x_0=m_0$ and an ...
239 views

I'm relatively new to encrypting, and I have some questions. I intend to write a standalone C# program that will write and read an encrypted file with sensitive data using a password entered by the ...
107 views

### Chosen Ciphertext Attack with a theoretical decryption machine

Say we have an encryption algorithm that encrypts data blocks of 128 bits size, and makes them cipher blocks $C = E(P)$ without chaining. Also assume there is a linearity rule for XOR: For every pair ...
142 views

### Illustrate NTRU using lattices

I studied some papers related to NTRU. All these papers describe NTRU as a lattice based cryptosystem but I could not find any paper which illustrates NTRU algorithm from lattice point of view. It ...
75 views

### Why would splitting a password output be better than separate HMACs for encryption/authentication key derivation?

In a recent question I asked here on crypto.se, an answer was given that surprised me a bit. As mentioned in the referenced question, I'm looking to derive encryption and authentication keys from ...
153 views

### Simple way to extend AES to 256-bit block size

What is the best way to use standard AES with a 128-bit block size to act as a 256-bit block cipher? I am aware of CMC and EME which seem to serve this purpose, but they seem to be more complicated ...
149 views

### Message lengths with AES CTR mode?

Im working on my own AES implementation as a personal educational exercise (not for production use), and a book im using as a resource states: In the case of CTR, we are merely XORing the output ...
116 views

### Berlekamp-Massey to construct minimal LFSR

Given the sequence 0010001111 (or any other, not homework, but exam practice), how do you use the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm to construct a minimal LFSR? I have read several definitions of how ...
95 views

### Is it possible to combine two operations rotation and xor?

I can see many xor and rotation operations in cryptography. I just want to make some algorithms fast. So, I'm looking for a way to combine between xor rotation operations. I don't know if it is ...
94 views

### Number of keys when using symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

Quoting part of my homework/assignment: How many keys are required for secure communication among 1000 person if: Symmetric key encryption algorithm is used? Asymmetric key encryption ...
165 views

### Can XEX or XTS modes be used with only one tweak?

XEX Mode (with two tweaks) is the following scheme: $X = E_{k}(I) \otimes \alpha^j \\ C = E_{K}(P \oplus X) \oplus X$ where $I$ and $j$ are both tweaks (sector number and block number respectively). ...
82 views

### Simplified Key Wrapping to Achieve Only Confidentiality?

I'm looking for help in understanding why the algorithm described here would not deliver adequate protection of confidentiality. We don't care about other criteria such as authenticity or integrity. ...
162 views

### ECC Complexity order of point addition, scalar point multiplication and selecting random point

I am facing this problem in calculating the order of a process which involves ECC point addition: $P+Q$ , scalar multiplication: $aP$, and selecting random points in the group. The group is of prime ...
116 views

### Frequency analysis of transposition ciphers

Can we do frequency analysis of transposition ciphers? If yes, please tell me the procedure and I would be happy if you provide me with some links related to it. I heard that it can be done using ...
97 views

### Is it possible to track down copies of WW2-era codebooks?

I've got an academic curiosity regarding some of the old Japanese naval codes used during World War II specifically… but I was just wondering if any of the codebooks from this era had been made ...
83 views

### Generating shared secret random permutation

There are three blind card game players. Each player does not trust any other, even prejudicing other two players may not be blind, or there may be others in the room, peeking at their cards. In ...
74 views

### Encryption mode with chained algorithms

Suppose that I want to encrypt some data using two different algorithm chained (e.g. AES and Serpent) and harnessing the benefits of CBC. I can do: ...
128 views

Let $H$ be a secure hash function (e.g. SHA256), is it possibile to find $H(M1)$ given $H(M1||M2)$ if the length of $M1$ and/or $M2$ is exact the block size of the hash (that is, 64 bytes for SHA ...
201 views

### Is it overkill to run a key generated by OpenSSL through pbkdf2?

I'm generating a key & iv with OpenSSL via: ...
182 views

### Fast modular reduction

I am looking at ways to speed up modular reduction for the polynomial $$2^{256}-2^{32}-2^9-2^8-2^7-2^6-2^4-1$$ I have read the paper "Generalized Mersenne numbers" by J.A. Solinas, but it does not ...
120 views

### Detecting steganography in the stream of short messages

I have stream of millions of short n-bit (n<30) messages generated by some random number generator. The source of random number generator is not available to me. I suspect there are messages used ...
133 views

### Is ed25519 a “hash signature”

Writing my last question, I saw the hash-signature tag. I tried to research it best I could, but I'm simply overwhelmed in this field. I don't think it means to simply hash data before signing, but ...
469 views

### Burmester-Desmedt (BD) key agreement protocols

How do you perform the Burmester-Desmedt key exchange Protocol, in Diffie-Hellman extension protocol? I've been searching high and low, but couldn't locate an example on how to prove if all the party ...
178 views

### Is it possible to tweak AES-GCM so that it is satisfactory for whole-disk encryption (like XTS mode)?

Is it possible to leverage a preexisting implementation of AES-GCM to provide the key security benefits essential for full-disk encryption (similar to AES-XTS)? GCM is a popular encryption mode ...
I'm looking for an encryption scheme that could possibly meet the following requirements. Let, $X = plaintext$ $M = (pub, priv)$, where $priv == (Ky + Kz)$ Given ...
Ok - i will try to ask my question as clear as possible. Im getting a little deeper into the RSA-cryptosystem. At one point i'm a little confused. We have a plaintext $x$ and ciphertext $y$, with \$x ...