# All Questions

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### Rock-paper-scissors over network, how to protect from cheating server?

I'm trying to design cryptographic protocol to play Rock-Paper-Scissors with two parties, neither trusting each other, nor trusting server they use for communication, so game is 'provably fair'. So ...
377 views

### Question regarding multiple SHA-256 rounds on a Bitcoin Brain Wallet passphrase…

I am attempting to come up with a way of memorizing a seed that could lead to any number of brain wallets for bitcoin. I need multiple wallets because a) I don't want all my eggs in one basket, and ...
206 views

### Messages exchanged between Bob Alice are encrypted safe?

Can you help me understand the following reasoning? If Alice sends Bob a message and that message is encrypted with two keys simultaneously: a symmetric key (Ks) and Bob's public key. The symmetric ...
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### No of keys used in Triple DES Algorithm

I am studying Triple DES. I have got two basic questions. One, why are we following a sequence like encrypt(decrypt(encrypt)); what is the problem using a sequence encrypt(encrypt(encrypt))? ...
874 views

### SHA-224 Purpose

One of the new features of Java 8 is the SHA-224 message digest. What is the use case for having a 224-bit-length hash?
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### hill cipher encryption way 1x3 plaintext matrix

Can someone help me with a Hill cipher? When do I have to use: 1x3 plain text matrix (p1, p2, p3) * 3x3 key matrix 3x3 key matrix * 3x1 plain text matrix Or they are both correct? I tried to ...
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### What is difference among eavesdropper attack, multiple message attack and CPA attack?

What is/are difference(s) among eavesdropper attack, multiple message attack and CPA attack in context of symmetric key encryption? I only know that in eavesdropper attack there is an adversary ...
77 views

### Hash Function to get same value for different messages

I am studying a function where I found the some hash properties. Hash functions: Given a code c is computationally infeasible to find m such that ...
882 views

### How secure is the Bitcoin protocol?

Are there any evidence (other than not being cracked so far) that the Bitcoin protocol is secure? "How secure" is it? (I realize that this might not qualify as a meaningful question - feel free to ...
3k views

### How does a padding oracle attack work?

I am unsure of how a padding oracle attack works. What I am not getting is how changing one bit at one time allows one to exploit(get keys) ASP.NET machines. Can anyone explain this?
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### Current standard security level for a hash function?

What is the current level of security needed for a hash function? Until not long ago this was 80 bits. What about now?
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### How does compression before encryption leak info about the input?

Apparently current best practices recommend that you do not compress before you encrypt. For example in this blog entry (*): http://sockpuppet.org/blog/2013/07/22/applied-practical-cryptography/ It ...
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### How can I find the order of the group that an elliptic curve is defined over?

I have a Weierstrass elliptic curve (y^2=x^3+a*x+b (mod p) ) How can I find the order of the group itself? I have seen Mathematica has a GroupOrder[] command and WolframAlpha will do it for me, but ...
71 views

### Proving a decision was randomly made [duplicate]

Alice and Bob want to agree on a bit $0$ or $1$. Both know it would be fair to pick that at random, but there's no way they could meet to throw a dice and no third party they could trust. Are there ...
97 views

### secure integer comparison

I have been going through a huge amount of papers to find a simple and a practical method to compare integer numbers without revealing their original values. I know that this falls within the area of ...
43 views

### Ensuring that an operation takes a relatively specific amount of time, but easily verify the result

I want an algorithm of some sort that can ensure that an operation takes a fairly specific amount of time, but proof that this operation was done can be completed relatively inexpensively. For ...
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### Is the term “Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem” a misnomer?

I have just started studying Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and I have this doubt. In ECC the group operation is addition (and not multiplication). So, why is ECDLP stated as a variation of the discrete ...
66 views

### Is there a method to combine encryption and ring signing?

There's the well-known question on whether to sign or encrypt first. However, if instead a message is to be ring-signed such that either recipient could be the actual signer, is there any scheme that ...
205 views

### Odds of false error detection in a randomness test using the chi-squared test?

Common Criteria classifies the requirements for true Random Number Generators, and specifies how these should be tested against failures (these can occur accidentally, or following deliberate attack, ...
87 views

### Why concatenate the key a second time in HMAC? [duplicate]

On Wikipedia it is said that HMAC is basically (without taking into account padding): $H(key\ \Vert\ H(key\ \Vert\ message))$ where $\Vert$ denotes concatenation. I understand the need to hash ...
100 views

### Which of following new (2013) ECC curves is the most secure or efficient?

I read about the following "safe" ECC curves and notably, secp256 and all the NIST curves are marked as "unsafe" when compared to more modern curves. I need a curve for signing or encryption, (or ...
101 views

### Hash functions with or without secret key

The classical definition of hash functions (found in books) are OK, but when studying a little more there is a lot of notions that seem ambiguous (contradictory) to me : Sometimes we have hash ...
33 views

### Problem implementing MixBytes functionality in Groestl

Disclaimer: School work. I am trying to implement Groestl through Java, and have got stuck on the MixBytes section which can be found here section 3.4.5 page 11. As per the description of matrix ...