All Questions

122 views

Security of Deterministic Encryption Scheme

A deterministic encryption scheme is a cryptosystem which always produces the same ciphertext for a given plaintext and key, even over separate executions of the encryption algorithm. Although we ...
230 views

Export from US of crypto software with key-size > 56 bits still needs permission?

Elsewhere someone stated that he couldn't publish his crypto software on the Internet, because US Export Regulations require approval, if the key size is greater than 56 bits. I know that several ...
197 views

What is the difference between a hash and a permutation?

As defined by Wikipedia a hash function is [...] any algorithm or subroutine that maps large data sets of variable length to smaller data sets of a fixed length. For example, a person's name, ...
212 views

Even passwords are vulnerable to hash collision attacks?

As stated in this page large documents hashed using md5 maybe vulnerable to collision attacks. My question is even passwords of 6-30 character are vulnerable to such hash collision attacks? If yes, is ...
91 views

Sensible usecase for restricting special characters in passwords? [closed]

Please See Why Not Allow Special Characters In a Password on Security. Several websites I've come across limit the allowed special characters for a password. My thought was, it should all be ...
80 views

Secure modulus length for Diffie-Hellman

What is secure modulus length for modular exponentiation so that finding discrete log is computationaly impossible?
36 views

reduces the coefficients of a modulo 3 on NTRU

i'm still don't understand about 'reduces the coefficients of a modulo 3' on NTRU tutorial $a = f*e = 3 - 7X - 10X^2 - 11X^3 + 10X^4 + 7X^5 + 6X^6 + 7X^7 + 5X^8 - 3X^9 -7X^{10} \pmod{32}.$ Note ...
156 views

How to efficiently generate a stream of independent, but biased random bits?

Usually, in cryptography, one is interested in debiasing a stream of independent (true) random bits, and several algorithms exist to do this. What about the converse? Let's assume I have a stream of ...
485 views

HRNG for One Time Pad

I have just advanced to the last grade of high school (in Denmark). In this year, we all get to do one big project, where we can build/invent/create whatever we want to "solve a problem". As I study ...
202 views

Comparison: complexity measures vs. security

Assume that you want to compare several cryptographic primitives (say, encryption schemes), and choose one. You need to consider several complexity measures, such as the key length, encryption time, ...
129 views

File encryption with one keypair?

I'm working on a program that uses an ECC keypair in a (password protected) PKCS12 file (.pfx) to encrypt files. I like this method because I think it will be higher security (using ECDH to negotiate ...
75 views

112 views

How to verify a number encrypted with an unknown key

Are there any crypto-constructions to do the following kind of "zero-knowledge proof": Alice encrypts a set of numbers using some cryptosystem and a secret key (e.g. Paillier crypto-system). Bob ...
33 views

Selecting a large NUMS Safe prime

Suppose I want to use the following simple hash function. For a mesage $m$, take some public $a$ and prime $p$ and raise $a^m \bmod p$ (never mind the computational expense of this operation). This ...
90 views

When confusion is applied during encryption?

I know confusion is used in cryptography to make it more difficult to identify any relationship between the ciphertext and the symmetric key. I want to know when the confusion is applied during ...
74 views

computing inverses in truncated polynomial rings manually for NTRU encryption

Can someone explain how to find inverses in truncated polynomial rings manually (i.e. on pen and paper)? As an example from the tutorial: Example. Take $N=7$, $q=11$, $a=3+2X^2-3X^4+X^6$. The ...
448 views

Is this encryption algorithm build from MD5 secure?

I'm being asked to use an encryption algorithm in my code, and besides the fact that I'm sure there will be implementation faults that lead to vulnerabilities, I also have concerns about the algorithm ...
34 views

Can a LIRA system work with cjdns or other decentralized meshnets?

LIRA (Lightweight Incentivized Routing for Anonymity) is a scheme to incentivize participants in Tor to contribute resources, in particular bandwidth. The paper talks about it being used for Tor. Can ...
52 views

Efficient algorithm for remainder calculation over prime field for ECC implementation?

I am working on 224-bit elliptic curve cryptography. In this 224-bit * 224-bit multiplication results 448-bit output. I am reducing 448-bit into prime field range( prime number $2^{224}-2^{96}+1$) ...
104 views

BCrypt vs Key Stretching MD5

Ars technica posted an article about the latest in cyber warfare from the stuxnet crew. They key stretched MD5 by iterating it 10,000 times. It seems to be effective at handicapping HashCat's gpu ...
170 views

Can I use a key-derivation-function as the hash function H in SRP?

In the Secure Remote Password Protocol, the verifier must be stored on the server. In the case of a server compromise, an attacker could obtain these verifiers. If nobody reused passwords, this ...
46 views

Solving congruences using PARI

I'm having trouble finding info in the docs about how to solve a system of congruences. The closest I can find is 'matsolvemod' in here: ...
114 views

Understanding a Blowfish cryptanalysis

I'm reading a cryptanalysis on Blowfish, and I've come across something that I don't quite get. Let's denote $$\delta = a \oplus a'$$ where a and a' are bytes that cause a collision in some S-box ...
53 views

What is total key space in transposition algorithms

How we can measure key space in transposition algorithms? Should we specify the method, like rail fence ?
181 views

Low Public Exponent Attack for RSA

I'm having trouble understanding the algorithm for finding the original message $m$, when there is a small public exponent. Here is the example I'm trying to follow (you can also read it in the 'Low ...
87 views

How to use GCM mode and associated-data properly

I'm currently migrating a project to use the bouncy castle GCM mode. I understand that using an authenticated mode removes the need for a HMAC, however I want to be sure that I'm using this mode ...
321 views

Is a steganographic technique which has a universal decoder novel/secure? [closed]

I've come up with an approach to steganography which needs review of both its cryptography and its math. There's a complete working implementation at https://github.com/bramcohen/DissidentX and the ...
60 views

Proof of the standard pseudorandom generator + XOR encryption scheme in Goldreich

Reading Goldreich's Foundations of Cryptography II, I found this proof for the security of the common pseudorandom generator + XOR encryption scheme (Proposition 5.2.12 in the book): Assume you have ...