# All Questions

0answers
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### Deciphering and encrypting using Vigenére square for kids?

Is Vigenére cipher the most basic form of enrypting or is there another simpler way? I'd like to expose my niece to it.
1answer
51 views

### Best known attack

I always have listened the term best known attack but I have doubts respect to this term, becase there are several kinds of attacks for example structural attacks, inversion attacks. It is possible to ...
1answer
63 views

### Understanding the Hidden Subgroup Problem specific to Integer Factorization

I've been reading about the Hidden Subgroup Problem (HSP), specifically trying to understand how it is related to the integer factorization problem. I've read What exactly is the impact of the hidden ...
1answer
24 views

### Question about Cipher Block Chaining(CBC)

I'm studying at the moment the CBC Encryption method,and I was asked in an excercise how many bits would be wrong after decryption if during the transmission 2 bits are interchanged. My guess is that ...
2answers
348 views

### mode of operation in cryptography

We need to choose a mode of operation for a Telnet like application where the average message size is between 7 and 1024 bytes. What is the best mode of operation in this case? a. CBC b. CFB c. ...
0answers
13 views

### Breaking El Gamal defined over Sn

How can we break EL-GAMAL Encryption defined over Sn the permutation group ? Kindly give the efficient algorithm for it.
1answer
15 views

### One time Key Encapsulation Mechanism?

For KEM's, do you only exchange a private key once via the public key encryption and then do all further encryption with this private key, or is a fresh private key sent out with each message? The ...
2answers
77 views

### Length of encryption password aes-256-cbc

I'm encrypting a file with sensitive information with cat secret | openssl aes-256-cbc -a -salt > secret.enc I am choosing a random encryption password with ...
0answers
27 views

### Security of $(k, 2k)$-bit generator for small seeds

Here is the problem I am working on for context. I have $\epsilon \le 1 - 2^{-k}$ and $\epsilon$ approaches 1 as $k \to \infty$ but I'm stuck on part c). The $f$ is secure iff there does not ...
0answers
18 views

### Why does DSA require that a new $k$ be chosen and the algorithm restarted if $s=0$?

DSA is an algorithm used to generate a digital signature, which consists of a pair of values $(r,s)$. The algorithm computes $r$ first and then $s$. However, if we calculate $s=0$, it says to restart ...
0answers
56 views

### Smart Card choice for PKI implementation

I'm seeking to implement a national digital signature standard on a smart card. I feel like this is a good place to ask if anybody is acquainted with a hardware supplier offering smart cards that ...
0answers
36 views

### How to use OpenSSL command line utility to encrypt data with encrypted key from public key?

I may not be asking the right question. I am fairly new to data encryption. I am currently being sent encrypted data that's stored as follows: [ [keysize] [key encrypted with public key] [ivsize] ...
0answers
61 views

### What functional encryption scheme can be used to compute a linear function?

I am looking for a functional encryption scheme that can compute a linear function. I do not need to work with attributes. All I want is to compute the result of a function $y = a*x+b$, where $x$ is ...
1answer
56 views

### Do you need a HMAC if decryption attempts are severely limited?

I am considering an application where data bandwidth is extremely limited, and considering removing message authentication codes from encrypted transmissions. The encryption method is currently ...
2answers
96 views

### Practical differences between circuits and turing machines for cryptography

In formal cryptography, we model algorithms (mostly our adversaries) as (Probabilistic) Turing Machines or as boolean circuits. In our lecture on formal cryptography, we learned that circuits are more ...
0answers
72 views

### Is correlation in vector distributions “dangerous”?

Consider the two vector distributions $\xi,\chi$ described below, each one outputting integer vectors of length $n$ with coefficients in $\{0,\dots,n\}$. Distribution $\xi$ samples each coefficient ...
1answer
110 views

### Key size for HMAC-SHA256 [duplicate]

After reading a bunch of past stack exchange posts like this one and RFCs 5869, 2104, and 4868 I felt comfortable that a 32-byte key was sufficient for HMAC-SHA256. However, I am implementing my code ...
0answers
37 views

### EC Schnorr signature: multiple standard?

I 'm working on some EC-Schnorr signature code. Reading various papers on that, it's seems EC-Schnorr is not standardized as well as ECDSA. For example, I found two main differences in two main ...
1answer
44 views

### Tackling encryption problems with “Zipf's law”?

I am new to cryptography and was wondering if it would be possible to semi-reliably "decrypt" an encrypted message by using the statistical distribution of symbols (/letters/numbers) in the encrypted ...
0answers
25 views

### Denial of service using Merkel tree proof

If suppose client and server using Merkel tree and some how Server got compromised, what he can do is always send wrong proof therefore denial of service. Is it as simple?
1answer
155 views

### In RSA. Why is $\phi(n)$ kept secret and $n$ is public?

I mean, $n$ can also be easily used to find the factors $p$ and $q$ right?
1answer
59 views

### Give a simple hash chain example in Java [closed]

I am looking for a very simple example of cryptography hash chain source code. Could you forward me some examples or link, guys? For example, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_chain [1]. ...
0answers
25 views

### Using a straight password for encryption and authentication

Assume we have a password like 3buNCh_7kaRmencrEst3. Now suppose we have two parties who know this password. We a have communication scheme that uses the password ...
1answer
43 views

### Why are the bit lengths of keys and digests equal in Lamport signatures?

In Lamport's one time signature scheme: One way function to convert a pseudo random number private key to a public key takes $\{0,1\}^n$ and returns $\{0,1\}^n$. Cryptographic hash function to ...
1answer
221 views

### Authentication by hardcoding public key in client software

It would seem to me that mobile applications could reduce network traffic by hardcoding the server's public key into the app. The idea being that they could then encipher a secret to share with the ...
1answer
101 views

### Is there any function that does not suffers birthday problem?

I am eager to know that if there is any function that does not suffer birthday problem and how to prove it formally that the function is not suffering the birthday problem.
0answers
26 views

### MAC is constructed by hashing and then encrypting

Suppose the MAC is constructed by hashing and then encrypting, that is $MAC(m, k2)=E_{k2}(H(m))$ where H is a public hash function. There can be several alternatives in how the transmitted message is ...
0answers
25 views

### About BGV Scheme Batching Technique

I am reading BGV12 about BGV homomorphic scheme right now.But I am being stuck to understand Batching technique in this paper. In Pack function (page 32),this paper feeds ciphertext $c_i$ and sk ...
0answers
10 views

### Using Openssl Libarary to convert .key encoded to .pem [migrated]

So i created a c program that takes in an encrypted (encrypted.key) file and a public key to decrypt the private encrypted encrypted.key. However, my program only works when taking in two files that ...
0answers
56 views

### When to chose hardware accelerated crypto for Big Data

if you were to recommend a cipher/mode configuration that emphasizes performance for your customers, would you recommend a hardware based accelerated solution over one that isn't? For big data at ...
3answers
135 views

### Searchable Encryption with Substring Search

I want to search substrings in encrypted string. To do that I have read “Implement Rabin-Karp Algorithm” and “Substring-Searchable Symmetric Encryption”. After that, I completed the Rabin-Karp ...
1answer
127 views

### Why only one secret value with Shamir's secret sharing? [duplicate]

Shamir's Secret Sharing works by sharing data points on a curve, whereby when you have the required number of data points, you can find the function of the curve and find out the secret, which is ...
0answers
14 views

### Testing the first 40 bit sequence for A5/1 if all registers initialized to 1

I have an assignment where my instructor asked to generate the first 40 bits for an A5/1 algorithm if all registers are initialized to '1' initially . I have implemented the algorithm successfully ...
1answer
71 views

### What are the time considerations with regard to security against birthday attack?

When designing security for a physical safe, one of the critical specifications is how long will the safe resist attack, this tells you how quickly you must detect and respond to an attack on the ...
0answers
54 views

### Does using a verifiable secret sharing scheme ensure robustness of a protocol if it is secure under the semi-honest adversarial model

Consider a protocol $\pi$ which uses a linear secret sharing scheme like that of Shamir secret sharing. Further assume that the protocol $\pi$ has been proven to be secure (correctness and privacy) ...
1answer
93 views

### RSA when n= 2360221 and encryption = 5 find decryption key d, when M =1234 [closed]

when n= 2360221 and encryption = 5 find decryption key d,and Cipher text C when M =1234
1answer
81 views

### How to detect what crypto-method is used by Filecoder.Q?

I have 2 different images, one original, and one locked by a malware detected by eset as "Win32/Filecoder.Q". How to detect the encryption method that is used and the key, that is not using any ...
1answer
128 views

### Trying to understand textbook exercise question regrading RSA

I am preparing for the final exam in my Data Security class so I am trying to read and understand the textbook's exercise questions. Any hint would be great. Question (Exercise 9.14 of textbook): ...
1answer
37 views

### Synchronous Stream Cipher Problem

Hello I am facing a problem trying to solve this question in the picture. Does anyone know how to produce the mentioned 32-bits of the key stream? The plaintext in this case is ...
1answer
50 views

### Trying to udnerstand textbook sample solution

I am preparing for the final exam in my Data Security class so I am trying to read and understand the textbook's exercise questions. The sample solution at the end the textbook is more like a hint ...
1answer
45 views

### Are collision-resistant hash functions even possible? [see description] [duplicate]

Surely there can be no real collision resistant Hash function since hash values are of finite size which means there are finitely many of them, but there are an infinite number of messages we could ...
1answer
63 views

### what is meaning of operator “ := ” in cryptography?

I've seen := used in several cryptography papers where the this symbol has been used instead of assignment operator ($\leftarrow$ ) or equal sign (=), but never with an accompanying explanation. ...
0answers
48 views

### signature, hashing schemes

I have 20 friends. we create message(s) (1...i) and tar them up with a file messages.hashes(1..i). We sign these tars with our ...
0answers
9 views

### SAM module in Payment transactions & cryptogram key storing

As you know because of low security factors,General MCU's are not appropriate choice for storing Transaction or cryptograms keys.Therefor embedded systems developers used SAM modules for secure ...
0answers
38 views

### Find SHA256(secret||data) using SHA256(secret) and data

I need to find the SHA256 hash of s string like this: "part1-part2". I know the SHA256(part1), length of part1 and I know part2, but I don't know what is the contents of part1. Is there any chance I ...
1answer
44 views

### About ORAM initalization and running out of space

I have two questions about ORAM Since at the beginning,the server allocates unused storage for ORAM cient,there are no user's data in the storage.if now client access the storage the server will ...
2answers
46 views

### Key management and derivation - Allow changing of the passphrase

I'm working on a program, which allows encrypting files before storing it on a cloud service. Currently I'm trying to figure out how to derive and store the keys. First, I wanted to use a simple ...
1answer
39 views

### What implementation properties of a hash function prevent safe truncation? [duplicate]

Truncating a hash function's output should, in theory, not increase the likelihood of a collision more than you would expect based on the truncated output size. This makes sense when thinking about ...
1answer
67 views

### SHA256(RsaPrivateKey) == AES key?

I have an RSA private key (more specifically, an SSH key in Putty format, 4096bit) and want to use its SHA256 hash as an AES256 key, instead of using an independent newly generated AES key. Are ...
0answers
26 views

### What is transaction capacity of a POS using 3DES DUKPT?

I am looking for the transaction capacity of a Point-Of-Sale device using 3DES DUKPT. Once all keys derived from the future key set are exhausted (1M or 500K?), how will the POS be reloaded with a new ...

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