# All Questions

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### search of patterns in key schedules

I am developing a new key schedule, and there is this article (Enhanced Key Expansion for AES-256 by Using Even-Odd Method) where the authors also propose a new algorithm and one of the objectives is ...
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### How can I read the AE figures?

This question is rather simple. I've recently read the paper "Automated Analysis and Synthesis of Authenticated Encryption Schemes". On page 17 of this paper the authors provide three figures of ...
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### Why does encryption in STS protocol protect against identity attacks?

The basic STS protocol contains encryption of the signature as shown in Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Station-to-Station_protocol If we would like to defend against MITM attack, this ...
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### Blowfish Weak keys

I've read about the weak key issue with Blowfish, but can't seem to find anything that explains the practical effect of weak keys on Blowfish with the full 16 rounds. Is there any actual attack upon ...
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### DSSP reduction to DSSI

In “Towards quantum-resistant cryptosystems from supersingular elliptic curve isogenies" by DeFeo, Jao and Plut, a reduction from the Decisional Supersingular Product (DSSP) problem to Decisional ...
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### Differential addition on Montgomery curve

Point multiplication using Montgomery ladder technique over Montgomery curves only require x coordinate, which in many situation leads to faster implementation as compared to point multiplication over ...
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### Are there UFDs where the factorization problem is difficult but finding irreducibles is cheap?

Factorization of integers is hard, but finding irreducibles is expensive. Is there a ring where factorization is assumed hard but finding irreducibles is much cheaper than over $\Bbb Z$? It could ...
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### Does SHA-1 meet the strict avalanche criterion?

Does SHA-1 meet the strict avalanche criterion? I've been looking for a paper to cite on this, but haven't found one. It's something that seems to be easy to check (in "On the Design of S-Boxes", ...
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### How to choose McEliece's parameters?

At the time of this writing, there are 3 sources for parameters for the McEliece public-key cryptosystem out there. The first paper is the original McEliece paper ("A Public-Key Cryptosystem based on ...
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### Convolution and catastrophic codes

i'm reading the article of Massey and Sain (here) and i cannot unserstand - what is "foreforward inversion"? I mean There is a description of circles in convolutional codes and a little bit ...
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### Residue requirements of Rabin-Williams primes?

I'm trying to determine the residue requirements of Rabin-Williams. An older copy of P1363's Public Key Cryptography states the following in Section 8.1.3.2 RW key pairs: An RW public key consists ...
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### Is there a mental poker algorithm that does not rely on commutative encryption?

The algorithm for mental poker that I saw on Wikipedia and everywhere else relies on an encryption algorithm such that $E_k(E_j(P)) = E_j(E_k(P))$, but I can't find a modern and secure algorithm for ...
134 views

### DPA Attack on HMAC SHA-256

I have read the paper Differential Power Analysis of HMAC SHA-2 in the Hamming Weight Model and I want to understand the DPA Attack. In section 3.2.1 Path 1 (page 4) there is written: The last ...
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### Cryptographic enforcement schemes using Diffie-Hellman

If one wants to set up a decentralized cryptographic enforcement scheme in which the level of 'confidentiality' of information is marked by its position in a poset, why not use Diffie-Hellman to ...
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### RSA_DH vs ECDH implementation

In ECDH protocol is possible, naturally, to use the same algorithm for calculate a secret key for both communication parties (Alice and Bob for example). It is possible to design also a same algorithm ...
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### Proposed unidirectional authentication scheme

I've been looking around for a way to authenticate a client to the server and deliver a message, but in a unidirectional fashion - that is, the client sends messages to the server, but the server ...
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### SHA3 Keccak, absorbing data to the state

I'm working on implementation of keccak algorithm and have one problem. Tell me please, takeing an example "test": will state (before block permutations, but after padding - pad10*1) look like this: {...
132 views

### How to map a handful of numbers in a large range to a much smaller range deterministically without collissions

I want to map a set of long integers (say around 100 different values) that can span the entire 64 bit integer range to a much smaller range such as from 0 to 25000 deterministically with almost zero ...
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### Energy necessary for brute-forcing or decryption

I am trying to understand how the physical limits of computation apply to crytography, and came up with the scenario below as a sort of gedanken. I would be grateful to see how others answer it. ...
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### During electronic voting, how does one hide the choice from Voting device?

Assume the following: I want to cast a vote during an election through an electronic voting system. For our system we make the assumption that the device one uses to cast the vote is potentially ...
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### Can CKM_RSA_PKCS signature be made secure by lowering its maximum input size?

The CKM_RSA_PKCS Mechanism in PKCS#11 v2.20 section 12.1.6 PKCS #1 v1.5 RSA is a signature scheme commonly used to implement RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 of PKCS#1 signature of data hashed externally to a ...
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### Is it possible to perform one-way Diffie-Hellman MITM?

Here's something that is bugging me recently: suppose that me and my friend establish an OTR session and - as a result of that - DH key exchange is performed. My friend verifies my key, but I cannot ...
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### Timing Attack on OpenSSL by Brumley

I am referring to this paper by David Brumley and Dan Boneh: Remote Timing Attacks are Practical (In proceedings of the 12th Usenix Security Symposium, 2003). In this paper on page 4, Brumley ...
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### Multi-round Transposition/Playfair as a secure hand cipher in the computer age

Given that computers can be easily compromised, there is a need for a hand cipher that can withstand computer attack. Clearly the traditional hand ciphers fail. One time pads work. They also have ...
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### Using same key for encryption and ECBC-MAC k2

ECBC-MAC: $E_{k_2}(CBC-MAC_{k_1}(m))$ If we use same key for encryption (CTR or CFB) and k2 (end tag encryption) in ECBC-MAC in encrypt-than-MAC sheme, is it secure?
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### How good is middle cube method with jumbled digits?

I had to make my own prng for a stream cipher for an inter school science project (I am mentioning that a lot). So I thought of cubing the seed instead of squaring it (like in the middle square method)...
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### Infer encoding mechanism from $n$-grams distance?

I have a series of obfuscated strings which across the set of strings have regions of high variance and regions of low variance – implying some encoding mechanism as opposed to an encryption procedure ...
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### How to compute the decompositions used in fast FHE bootstrapping?

Leo Ducas and Daniele Micciancio's recent paper "FHE Bootstrapping in less than a second" gave an exciting result that one can compute the `atom operation' of Fully Homomorphic Encryption (i.e. NAND-...
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### Bridging the gap between security proofs and “real-world” security

I've been studying cryptography for a little while. I understand fairly well the nuts and bolts of security proofs, but I'm having trouble reconciling the formal statements of security in these proofs ...
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### Encrypted database: how to deal with general queries?

My question is quite related to the concept of homomorphic encryption, which is not practical at all nowadays. In short, I would like to know how to query encrypted databases. Simple queries which ...
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### See any problems with this search-specific homomorphic encoding strategy?

I'm imagining this for use in the scenario of cloud-stored client-encrypted email, where, when seeking to do a string search across messages, you don't want to have to download every stored message in ...
116 views

### Does Ciphertext policy ABE support search operation on encrypted data

Basically CP-ABE (or attribute based encryption) allows end-users to encrypt the data with desired access control structure. I was investigating the how to do keyword-search on encrypted data given ...
764 views

### Understanding the FMS attack on WEP

I am trying to implement the Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack, one of the ways to break WEP. I seem to have hit on a problem. I have no idea whether or not it is a programming error, or if I don't ...
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### What does “G2” mean when used with X509 certficates and certificate authorities?

For example "Google Internet Authority G2"?. I thought it was another way of specifying Class 2 (for organizations, for which proof of identity is required) but then see certificates such as "VeriSign ...