# All Questions

1answer
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### what are the plaintext's for the RC4 stream cipher test vectors in RFC6229?

https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6229 has stuff like this: ...
0answers
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### What is the fixed point attribute of DES (when used with weak-keys)

I've heard in some lecture that the weak keys in DES implies the existence of $2^{32}$ fixed points in the algorithm, i.e. that $DES_k(x)=x$ for $2^{32}$ such $x$'s. I couldn't find anything about ...
0answers
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### The purpose of the final xor in Davies–Meyer scheme [duplicate]

In Davies–Meyer hash construction scheme each block is xor'ed with the previous block cipher text. Why? The only obvious flaw I see in a scheme without this xor is the possibility to reconstruct a ...
1answer
58 views

### Security of DES P_BOX

I'm curious about the design of the P_BOX of DES. I found a paper on this topic, but it dates back to 1989. This means the effect of p-box values of the cipher immunity against Differential ...
1answer
90 views

### Attacker in a key exchange

I'm having trouble with the following question: $X(A) \rightarrow B:(A,N_X)$ $B \rightarrow X(S):(B,((A,N_X,T_B),K_{BS}),N_B)$ $X(A) \rightarrow B:(((A,N_X,T_B),K_{BS}),(N_B,N_X))$ ...
1answer
161 views

### Can keys from Bitcoin's Hierarchical Deterministic Wallets be correlated (reducing privacy)?

I'm trying to understand if the feature "Hierarchical Deterministic Wallets" in Bitcoin allows for complete privacy of all derived keys, and if any of those keys can be associated with each other ...
1answer
75 views

### How do we find the subkey out of a differential cryptanalysis?

I understand the differential cryptanalysis up to the "finding the last subkey" part. If XORing with the key doesn't change the differentials, how can testing different key affect the equations we ...
0answers
36 views

### Memory requirement in light weight block ciphers cryptanalysis

If we have a light weight block cipher where the block length is different than the key length. Let's say the block has a length of 64 bits while the key is 80 bits. For an attack to be successful, ...
2answers
156 views

### why $e(g,g)^N=1$ in bilinear pairings holds?

I can't get the point of prime order bilinear pairings:$\mathbb{G}\times\mathbb{G}\rightarrow\mathbb{G}_T$,$g=$ generator of $\mathbb{G}$ , $N=p*q$, $p$ and $q$ primes and $e(g,g)^N=1$. why ...
2answers
90 views

### Group description in pairing based cryptography

Suppose we have a public key encryption scheme, in which public parameter contains $(p, G, G_t, e, g)$, where $p$ is prime number, $G$ is a (cyclic) group of prime order, $e:G \times G \mapsto G_t$. ...
0answers
22 views

### How does SafeNet MobilePass calculate the counter for following passwords?

Original Question: How does SafeNet MobilePASS generate passwords? The algorithm to calculate passwords was implemented by the author of the original question here: ...
1answer
269 views

### Finding a collision for a hash function

I'm trying to find a collision for the following (modified) Merkle–Damgård hash function. Suppose we already have a hash function $h : \mathbb{Z}_2^{2·n} \to \mathbb{Z}_2^n$ for fixed length bit ...
1answer
151 views

### SHA-1 collision resistance

I'm researching on the SHA-1 algorithm and looking for reasons why it has fallen prey to differential cryptanalysis. I have read the research papers by Merc Stevens and Wang both of which describe how ...
1answer
99 views

### Is it safe to AES-CBC and AES-CMAC both using the same key?

There is a very similar question (Using a derived key for CMAC) but it doesn't quite answer this one (at least for me it does not). I have a situation where I need to transfer some data. My data has ...
1answer
77 views

2answers
6k views

### OTP from Sony BIOS password recover [closed]

From Dogbert's blog: Sony has a line of laptops ("Vaio") which compete mainly in the high value market segments. They implemented a master password bypass which is rather sane in comparison to the ...
1answer
58 views

### RSA Protocol behind Yaksha Security System

So I'm reading over the Yaksha Security System and see it is based on the RSA cryptosystem and a centralized server, easy enough. What I'm slightly confused on is the math behind the related keys. It ...
0answers
97 views

### Recovering El Gamal secret key from signatures [duplicate]

Assume out of a set of ElGamal signatures, I've discovered that two have the same y i.e. $signature_{1}$ on $m_{1}$ = $(y,s_{1})$ and $signature_{2}$ on $m_{2}$ = $(y,s_{2})$. The public keys for ...
3answers
3k views

### RSA Proof of Correctness

Can anyone provide an extended (and well explained) proof of correctness of the RSA Algorithm? And why is it needed? I can't say that this or this helped me much, I'd like a more detailed and newbie ...
1answer
68 views

### Why do we have fixed output length in the algorithm SHA1

Why do we have fixed output length in the algorithm SHA1 . is there any explanation about that
0answers
26 views

### How to determine which key derivation function used for password?

Suppose an attacker collected a password hash file. After performing rainbow tables/dictionary attacks they choose brute force attacks. So they try guessing as many passwords as they can by running ...
0answers
26 views

### Generate CA with aes256 passphrase protected DSA key

I want to create my own Certificate Authority with an DSA key. I figured out to create it with: ...
0answers
31 views

### S-Boxes and SP-Network

I work on an exercise and I have to study functions as : $f : \mathbb{F}_q \rightarrow \mathbb{F}_q$ with $q = 2^n$ which can define a S-Box for SP-Networks. There is a question that I can't answer ...
1answer
56 views

### Looking for a secure PRNG that I can implement in hardware

I'm trying to implement a (sort of) simple PRNG in hardware for fun. My idea would be to allow a user to enter a key using a keypad (or some dip switch settings that can be set and hidden) and to ...
1answer
55 views

### RSA-blind signatures vs. DSA-blind signatures

I see that the RSA blind signature scheme tends to be implemented more often than others, e.g., DSA blind signatures. Isn't the RSA blind signature scheme a 'lesser' scheme, if you may, compared to ...
0answers
51 views

### Recovering a constant salt for MD5 [duplicate]

I have STRING and MD5(STRING+SALT) for any infinitely many STRING's. Is their any way that I can recover the SALT itself? (SALT is constant) I actually know SALT, but this is an intellectual exercise. ...
0answers
84 views

### Probability of factoring keys as a function of bit length

kinda new here, I had a question pertaining to someone being able to factor one's RSA keys through the GCD. Anyways the question goes that there are two people: A and B. A makes his/her private key as ...
1answer
95 views

### What are the potential (major) flaws in this security scheme?

It’s been a few years since I read anything involving crypto. I’ve come across this scheme and I wonder how secure it is: Alice generates an RSA keypair (we assume Alice is using proper random ...
1answer
55 views

### Reduced message expansion in NTRU

In the original NTRU proposal from 1998, it says on page 16: It may be worth mentioning, though, that there is a simple. masking technique that can be used to significantly reduce message ...

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