# All Questions

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### LED cryptography algorithm

I would like to better understand the operation of the LED algorithm, especially the process of substitution and permutation of the blocks and especially the use of the keys in each round. The keys ...
733 views

### Proofs by reduction and times of adversaries

I have some difficulties to understand, when we construct a reduction, how we determine the time for the constructed adversary to break a target security property. In general these details are not ...
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I have this curve in E(F131) : $$Y^2 = X^3 + X + 2$$ I want calculate the sum P + Q considering that $$P= (5,1)$$ and $$Q = (60, 49)$$ For calculate the result i use these formulas:  xr = ((...
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### Name of this attack?

I am studying Merkle tree signature. Let $\sigma=(s,Y_s,\sigma_{\text{OTS}},As)$ be a signature of certain document. Here $s$ is the index of leaf, $Y_s$ is the respectively OTS public key and $A_s$ ...
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### Compacting a substitution cipher key

In a substitution cipher, I recieve 3 bits and than I return another 3 bits. The key of this cipher could be a matrix represented as: ...
4k views

### In RSA, why is it important choosing e so that it is coprime to φ(n)?

When choosing the public exponent e, it is stressed that $e$ must be coprime to $\phi(n)$, i.e. $\gcd(\phi(n), e) = 1$. I know that a common choice is to have $e = 3$ (which requires a good padding ...
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### Why is Bcrypt called a Key Derivation Function?

I am trying to understand why is bcrypt called a Key Derivation Function? I looked up the details of Ekfblowfish on Usenix article here: http://static.usenix.org/event/usenix99/provos/provos_html/...
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### Elliptic Curve Cryptography Encryption and text representation implementation

I'm writing a coursework and right now I've implemented the ECDSA algorithm, but I also need to encrypt and decrypt small text files (.txt) using elliptic curve cryptography. The problem is that I do ...
714 views

### Alternative to NSA encryption algorithm

I am looking for a strong alternative to elliptic curve cryptography. It should be something that could face quantum computing attacks, but nothing created by the NSA. I heard about isogeny key ...
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### Why does TLS do Authenticate-then-Encrypt instead of Encrypt-then-Authenticate?

Encrypt-then-Authenticate (EtA) seems to generally be considered the better option, compared to Authenticate-then-Encrypt (AtE) (see this Crypto.SE question, for example). The people writing the RFC ...
60 views

### Executing encrypted code? [closed]

I want a code 'black box' that receives data inputs, processes those inputs, then sends out the outputs. I want the code to be encrypted, or somehow obfuscated. Is there any known way to do achieve ...
259 views

### Logjam on Elliptic Curves?

I think we're all aware of the Logjam attack. From now on we know that re-using primes for DH is a bad idea. But we also say that elliptic curves are safe from the attack (relying on the NFS), ...
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### Hardening of random number generators

Boxcryptor uses various CSPRNGs and apparently hashes the output using PBKDF2 to derive the final key. Even though the choice of ...