# All Questions

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### Why are we advising PKI if we know that quantum computers will break them? [closed]

DNSSEC, ECDHE, RSA, even SSH and all other important specifications, protocols that we rely on and advise people to use them, they use Public key infrastructure. Question: Why do we still use, ...
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### Understanding the FMS attack on WEP

I am trying to implement the Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack, one of the ways to break WEP. I seem to have hit on a problem. I have no idea whether or not it is a programming error, or if I don't ...
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### How can AES be considered secure when encrypting large files?

Why is AES considered to be secure when encrypting large files since the algorithm is a block cipher? I mean, if the file is larger than the block size, the file will be broken down to fit the ...
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### Are there cryptographic hash functions with homomorphic properties? [duplicate]

Are there cryptographic hash functions that have homomorphism-like properties? E.g. satisfying following relation $h(a || b) = h(a) · h(b)$, where $h(x)$ is hash function itself, $x || y$ is ...
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### How Could the Music Industry Go About Implementing Crypto? [closed]

So I'm currently doing the Dan Boneh online Crypto course. In the last problem set there was a question on AACS for DVDs and wondered if a similar method could be used for music. Have the music ...
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### Verifying signature owner (without verifying the actual document)

Programming in Java. I have an RSA key-pair, a document, and a signature created with the Java Signature class, using SHA512WithRSA. In order to verify the signature, of course, I need to provide the ...
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### How can one generate pairs/triplets/…/n-ary MD5 collisions

Is there a way to generate n strings with the same MD5 hash?
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### Can we use numbers as a pad in the Vernam cipher - why or why not?

I was playing with the Vernam cipher on some online converter. But when I tried to encrypt my message string with numbers, it remained unchanged. Moreover, it was ignoring numbers and was encrypting ...
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### What does “G2” mean when used with X509 certficates and certificate authorities?

For example "Google Internet Authority G2"?. I thought it was another way of specifying Class 2 (for organizations, for which proof of identity is required) but then see certificates such as "VeriSign ...
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### AES Affine Transformation Polynom Representation

I have been reading on the polynomial representation of the AES Sbox in the PDF “Essential Algebraic Structure Within the AES” by Murphy and Robshaw (www.isg.rhul.ac.uk/~sean/crypto.pdf) on page 7, ...
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### SHA512withRSA - Looking for details about the Signature Algorithm

I am trying to find information about the Signature Algorithm SHA512withRSA and have been unsuccessful so far. In the current state, the signature is too long, so I would like to check the code for ...
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### How can I know when a file was signed?

I have been thinking about digitally signed documents (Word files and PDF files) and can not get over the fact about - how can I securely know when the file was signed? Scenario: If the date of the ...
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### breaking fully homomorphic encryption schemes

Fully homomorphic encryption schemes allow one to evaluate any arbitrary computation over encrypted data. Intuitively this seems to be too weak, irrespective of how we achieve this. An adversary who ...
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### Quantum key exchange skepticism/confusion

I was hoping somebody could explain some issues I have with quantum key exchange that I don't quite understand. I've read bits and pieces about BB84 but I'm sure my questions probably apply to other ...
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### Data I/O operations for encrypted files

I need to implement a simple approach on a Linux system to encrypt/decrypt data and I would appreciate any feedback from you. Basically, I need to change a bit the behavior of the functions ...
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### Why does key generation take an input $1^k$, and how do I represent it in practice?

In my lecture, the lecturer said: Let $K$ be the key generation algorithm. Given a security parameter represented in unary, $1^k$, $K(1^k)$ will output a keypair $(pk; sk)$, known as the public ...
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### Trapdoors for lattices

I refer to an article https://eprint.iacr.org/2011/501. I focus on (a bit modified) Algorithm 1 which runs as follows (in my understanding): For given $n, m\in \mathbb N$, $q=2^k$ and a distribution ...
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### Base64 for a hash algorithm [closed]

May be a silly question, but I am really curious. If a hash algorithm uses Base64 in the process of hashing a string for example, it is still considered a hash algorithm, even though it uses an ...
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### Cracking an appliance's network protocol

I'm trying to crack my thermostat's network protocol. I've captured several rounds of network traffic and here is what I've got to work with. Communicating via HTTP POST The POST data is JSON ...
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### Hill Cipher question

Recently, I was given three ciphers to crack for my cryptography class. At this point, I have guessed that one of them is likely a Hill cipher (probably 3x3, as that is the most complex we have done ...
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### Can Bitcoin HD public keys be used for symmetric encryption?

I asked this at bitcoin.stackexchange.com first, but it seems that this is more of a crypto-question anyway. I'm interested in using a Hierarchical Deterministic Bitcoin wallet branch as a "shared ...
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### Shared secret: Generating Random Permutation

-- or: How to Play Poker Without a Dealer I know this question is long but it's a really interesting theoretical problem about shared secrets and multi-party computation. General Problem: "Shared ...