# All Questions

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### tweakable block cipher and ideal block cipher

Can the set of block ciphers obtained from a tweakable block cipher (using distinct tweaks) be considered as the set of ideal block ciphers ?
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### How secure is MD5 for one way authentication?

I have a server S1 with an Private String (PS) as an identifier shared with a server S2. Every 10 min S1 publish the hash value of PS+the current time which is used as public identifier (PI). Every ...
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### How to approach to solve cipher text with fixed length key (which is repeating)?

I took a project to solve for lecture. In my project for a given cipher text(length 2031), I have a key (Picture of example is given.) which I do not know the length of it. So I started to try to find ...
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### Security of the shared secret key for a smart meter (Linky)

Reading the specs of a new electricity smart meter (called Linky in France), I was surprised about the chosen encryption method (128 bits symmetric key AES), based on a single secret key (called CCC ...
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### What is the major difference between FIPS 186-2 and FIPS 186-4?

Can anyone please tell me the major difference between FIPS 186-2 and FIPS 186-4? I know with FIPS 140-2 they want the DSS standard to be FIPS 186-4, but what difference does it make?
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### How do two parties put together the AUTH data in the SKEME protocol?

SKEME is a Key Exchange protocol used in the Internet Key Exchange (IKE). It contains three phases: SHARE, EXCH, and ...
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### Quantum vs. regular computing time to break ECC?

How long exactly would it take for a regular computer to crack an elliptic curve public/private key via bruteforce, vs. a quantum computer using Shor's algorithm with a couple thousand qubits? Can ...
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### How many blocks can securely be encrypted with XTS

I could not find in the NIST recommendations on XTS how many blocks can securely be encrypted with XTS-AES. Through the recommendations, I've found: The length of the data unit for any instance ...
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### Single-scalar multiplication with sign bit

I want to know if there's an "easy" timing-free way to compute the sign of $y$-coordinate of $r G$, for a secret scalar $r$ and $G$ the generator of an elliptic curve. We have several choices for ...
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### Multiplying two additively shared values

Alice has $p_a,q_a$ and Bob has $p_b,q_b$, all elements of a ring $R$. They want to obtain shares of the value $pq$ where $p=p_a+p_b$, $q=q_a+q_b$. How do they do this ? Does revealing their shares of ...
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### Possible enigma settings? [duplicate]

I'm writing an assignment about the Enigma machine, and i'm trying to calculate the amount of settings the enigma machine has. I have found several sites regarding this topic, but it seems like there ...
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### differential cryptanalysis cipher for the final round

I have a problem to find the sub-key. The system is… For each round, we make the following stage: We add the round key $K_i$. Substitution : we have 8 blocks of 4 bits, and an S-box ...
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ZUC is a function that converts a string to another string. However, unlike a Hash function, ZUC converts a certain-length string to a any-length string. Can someone point me to its documentation or ...
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### Application level encryption and key renewal

I had posted this question on stackoverflow and been asked to move it to crypto. What is your view on this? What is the doability? I have a question related to encrypting data in the database, at the ...
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### Is a good idea to generate a public key from a secret key using a functional encryption scheme?

FE - functional encryption PK - public key I want to design a PK cryptosystem that has a unique PK for each encryptor. Namely, the encryptor submits a unique value (or an attribute) to the private ...
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### Why would a 3DES key decrypt one block, but not the next?

I'm trying to crack an encrypted data stream. It appears to be using a 64-bit 3DES key (as written in the application logs), and in fact using that key does correctly decrypt the first 64-bit packet ...
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### Is ISAAC vulnerable to a cache timing attack?

Is the ISAAC stream cipher vulnerable to a cache timing attack in efficient implementations? It seems like it would (secret-dependent array lookups) but is it exploitable in the context of ISAAC?
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### Is a KDF needed when using X25519 for ECDH and XChaCha20-Poly1305 for AEAD?

Is a KDF needed when using X25519 for ECDH and XChaCha20-Poly1305 or XSalsa20-Poly1305 for authenticated encryption? My hypothesis is "no" because the key from X25519 is less than 256 bits long; ...
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### Get secret_value from multiple hashes md5(known_value_n + secret_value) [duplicate]

The attacker knows multiple hashes like md5(known_value_n + secret_value), for multiple known values. Does it help him to discover secret_value better then just single md5(known_value + secret_value)? ...