# All Questions

218 views

### Base64 with shuffled alphabet

I have a base64 'cipher' text, I know that in clear text is a hidden xml document (I do not know nothing about its structure), but the base64 aplhabet was somehow shuffled. Is there any smart way, how ...
100 views

### Looking for a secure PRNG that I can implement in hardware

I'm trying to implement a (sort of) simple PRNG in hardware for fun. My idea would be to allow a user to enter a key using a keypad (or some dip switch settings that can be set and hidden) and to ...
413 views

### Is it safe to AES-CBC and AES-CMAC both using the same key?

There is a very similar question (Using a derived key for CMAC) but it doesn't quite answer this one (at least for me it does not). I have a situation where I need to transfer some data. My data has ...
233 views

### Why do we have fixed output length in the algorithm SHA1

Why do we have fixed output length in the algorithm SHA1 . is there any explanation about that
167 views

### RSA-blind signatures vs. DSA-blind signatures

I see that the RSA blind signature scheme tends to be implemented more often than others, e.g., DSA blind signatures. Isn't the RSA blind signature scheme a 'lesser' scheme, if you may, compared to ...
218 views

### How does Schnorr signature actually work?

I'm trying to get a grip on how Schnorr signature works. Suppose Alice sends Trent a tuple $(P, M)$, which contains a payload and a message to be signed by him. She then passes the certificate to Bob ...
53 views

### Recovering a constant salt for MD5 [duplicate]

I have STRING and MD5(STRING+SALT) for any infinitely many STRING's. Is their any way that I can recover the SALT itself? (SALT is constant) I actually know SALT, but this is an intellectual exercise. ...
70 views

### Crack RSA with imaginary algorithm [duplicate]

I was given a cryptography question during an interview the other day and I couldn't come up with a valid answer. Imagine you are given an efficient algorithm which for a given RSA public key (n,e) is ...
355 views

### Decrypt all RSA ciphertexts if you can break 1% of them

I was given a cryptography question during an interview the other day. Imagine you are given an efficient algorithm which for a given RSA public key (n,e) is able to decrypt 1% of the messages ...
114 views

### Reduced message expansion in NTRU

In the original NTRU proposal from 1998, it says on page 16: It may be worth mentioning, though, that there is a simple. masking technique that can be used to significantly reduce message ...
107 views

### What are the potential (major) flaws in this security scheme?

It’s been a few years since I read anything involving crypto. I’ve come across this scheme and I wonder how secure it is: Alice generates an RSA keypair (we assume Alice is using proper random ...
120 views

119 views

### rotational cryptanalysis on modulo multiplication?

I saw the paper 'Rotational Cryptanalysis of ARX', it is effective against design primitives using XOR, addition, and rotation. http://www.iacr.org/archive/fse2010/61470339/61470339.pdf However ...
97 views

### Probability of factoring keys as a function of bit length [duplicate]

kinda new here, I had a question pertaining to someone being able to factor one's RSA keys through the GCD. Anyways the question goes that there are two people: A and B. A makes his/her private key as ...
2k views

### Difference between Symmetric and Asymmetric. Is this answer correct, based on a written test?

I asked the following question on a final exam: Symmetric Ciphers (e.g. AES, DES, Blowfish) use up to 256 bit on the best case, which are considered strong against brute-force attacks. On ...
840 views

### Proving the semantic security of the One Time pad

Currently hearing a lecture on cryptography, and the professor gave us the definition of semantic security, which is roughly the following (formally not quite complete, but you get the idea): ...
394 views

### Statistical properties of hash functions when calculating modulo

When using SHA-1 to hash an input, the result is a pseudo-random number in the numeric ID space $\{0\dots2^{160}-1\}$. Do I loose any statistical property in the result if I use modulo to restrict the ...
83 views

110 views

### what is the benefit of lcm in cryptography? [closed]

what is the benefit of lcm in cryptography? and what is the effect of lcm on public key? note * lcm = Least common multiple thanks
111 views

### processing time for multiplication and exponentiation in pairing base cryptography

I'm using the Boneh-Boyen-Shacham signature scheme and want to estimate complexity in my scheme. As reported in "Scott M., Efficient Implementation of Cryptographic pairings", if we set parameters ...
168 views

### CAST-256 (CAST6) versions or S-Boxes

Are there different versions of CAST-256 - also known as CAST6 - available? Are there different S-Boxes available for CAST-256? If there are different versions or S-Boxes what identifier should I use ...
173 views

### Voting system validation

I'm developing an application to run elections. A voting system. I would like to give the ability to the voters to check later if their vote were correct computed/casted. assumptions: each user has ...
179 views

### Explanation of the Fiat-Shamir heuristic

The Wikipedia page on the topic (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat%E2%80%93Shamir_heuristic) is completely useless as it only explains what it is and not how it works. I looked at the original paper ...
88 views

### Fermats Little Theorem, primitive root [closed]

So I am studying for finals and I am not able to solve the problem: Let $p = 3 * 2^{11484018}- 1$ be a prime with 3457035 digits. Find a positive integer $x$ so that $2^x\equiv 3\pmod p$ Any ...
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105 views

### What is the functional role of CKY-I and CKY-R in ISAKMP (IKEv1)?

According to RFC 2409: CKY-I and CKY-R are the Initiator's cookie and the Responder's cookie, respectively, from the ISAKMP header. Each CKY is a 64 bit value that is included in each ISAKMP ...
163 views

### Is the salt used with PBKDF2 secret?

I have two network endpoints that need to use the same derived key. Can the server send the salt to the client 'in the clear'?
52 views

### Is there (this) a case in which salting is dispensable?

tl;dr this is not a duplicate of "what is a salt/why use salt?" question. Instead it is specificly asking when salt may not be necessary for hashing securly? (i.e. when the data being hashed is ...
1k views

### SHA-1 collisions - what about practical attacks?

I understand the theoretical problem with hash collision but when it comes to practice, I get very confused. Suppose a attacker would like to forge a certificate (or any kind of structured piece of ...
314 views

### Secure double encryption using CPA and CCA

Do you mind if you give me any hints, links or ideas about how to improve the security of double regular encryption and decryption, by using CPA game and CCA game, it sounds interesting question, and ...
111 views

### Is any group of bits in a SHA-1 hash more/less unique than another?

Is there any bias in certain parts of the hash? E.g., first n bits are more/less unique than the last/middle n bits? Is there ...

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