# All Questions

418 views

### IV Security Clarification

After doing lots of reading on SO and other websites relating to AES cryptography, I am trying to understand the security issues surrounding IV's. There seems to be a lot of confusion and ...
364 views

### HMAC and assumptions on the cryptographic hash

According to Wikipedia, a cryptographic hash function has the following properties: Pre-image resistance: Given $h$, it's difficult to find any message $m$ such that $h = H(m)$. Second pre-image ...
439 views

### How insecure in practice?

I am in attempt to understand relative insecurity of certain encryption schemes. Particularly of interest is DES and RC2. I know AES is better and should be used to encrypt. But practically, if ...
166 views

### Is this algorithm secure?

I recently found this site, proposing a hashing algorithm for passwords. They describe the following: pad the password on both sides with SHA1(email) to ...
2k views

### Is Base64(SHA1(GUID)) still unique like the original GUID?

Basically what the title is; GUIDs are unique by design. If you run the GUID through SHA1 and then Base64 the hash, will the resulting string have the same guaranteed uniqueness as the GUID, or not?
850 views

### How does OAEP improve the security of RSA?

The heart of OAEP algorithm used for RSA encryption are the cryptographic hash functions $H$ and $G$. Does everybody (so also an adversary) know these functions? If YES: How does it help the ...
541 views

### Why is the following RSA PRNG cryptographically secure?

One requirement states that the generator has to withstand the next-bit test. Consider the following PRNG, where we calculate next output $x_i$ via the formula $x_i = x_{i-1}^ e\mod n$. I can see ...
460 views

### Why is $h(H, m) = E(m, H) \oplus m$ insecure?

I am taking a cryptography class on Coursera. I learned that the compression function $h(H, m) = E_m(H) \oplus m$ is insecure (even though other variants like Davies­-Meyer or Miyaguchi-Preneel are ...
780 views

737 views

### How to multiply a matrix of bits with another?

For example, assume I have two 4x4 matrices of bits: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 I want to apply ...
126 views

### When is each key used when encrypting an email using OpenPGP?

When you send an email using PGP to encrypt emails, is the recipients public key used to encrypt the email, or is your private key used? Are they both used? At what points do each of the four keys ...
2k views

### Simulation-based security?

I've been reading Introduction to Modern Cryptography by Katz and Lindell as an introduction to cryptography. The book seems to use the term 'simulator' when it talks about a game like, for instance, ...
530 views

### Can I combine two of SHA-3 candidates cryptography hash functions and obtain more secure Algorithm?

For example, Is possible to combine (Concatenate or Chain or XOR) Skein SHA-3 candidate with Grostl SHA-3 candidate to increase security? Note: I just want more secure output and CPU cycles does not ...
296 views

### Aes encryption -The relevance of static matrix in mixcolumns operation

Can someone explain to me the relevance of the static matrix used for the mixcolumns operation in aes encryption.i.e the relevance of why the byte is multiplied by 2 + next byte multiplied by 3 + next ...
210 views

### What are the dangers of predictable (repeated) plaintext structures?

When using a "good", modern cipher (specifically one that provides ciphertext indistinguishability), is it a problem at all if there is some well-known structure in all plaintexts? For example, ...
337 views

### Practical implementations of Multiparty computations [closed]

Are there any practical implementations and or software platforms to prototype applications based on MPC ?
499 views

### Poor man's SSL - is this method as safe as SSL/TLS?

I need to send data between two applications. I've got requirement that says that data should be transmitted using secure protocol such as SSL/TLS. Data is sent using TCP sockets and I don't have ...
324 views

### Using compression to test encryption

Is the uncompressibility of encrypted data a necessary property for a good cryptographic algorithm? To make a crude experiment, I encrypted an 8K file with all 'A' and then compressed both the ...
7k views

### How does one implement the Inverse of AES' MixColumns

I got an answer in the related question about Mixcolumn for encryption, but how about decryption? what will I do? Because it said that I will used this: During decryption the Mix Column the ...
396 views

### How do I demonstrate that a PRNG not designed for cryptography is not suitable for generating passwords?

This is a replication of this question on Stack Overflow. There's class Random in .NET runtime which is designed for use as a cheap fast source of pseudo-random ...
220 views

### Can the premaster secret generated by SRP be used as a secure private key?

It seems like the pre-master secret generated during the SRP protocol would make a good source to generate a shared private key using a secure hash to compress it down into a 128/256 symmetric key. ...
281 views

### Cryptographically strong pseudo-random seq. generators

If a pseudo-random sequence generator is built so that it uses an n-bit seed and outputs a string that is of length x. Let's say one wants to generate a bit string of length y and uses the previous ...
429 views

### How to generate successive stream-cipher keys?

I've identified a weakness in a distributed simulation system I'm looking at, and I'm looking for some advice on how to fix it. Clients initially negotiate an authentication token with a login server ...
294 views

### Seeking special-use fingerprinting/hashing algorithm

For a project I wonder if there exists some kind of fixed-size checksumming/fingerprinting function in which based on this fingerprint given data block 1, it is easy to generate more data blocks that ...
1k views

### Finding CRC collisions for specific divisor [closed]

My current textbook (Information Security: Principles and Practice by Mark Stamp) discusses how to determine the CRC of data via long-division, using XOR instead of subtraction to determine the ...
159 views

### How can I repeatedly prove I have data another has seen without sending the data and without the other storing the data?

I would like to know if this is theoretically possible, or impossible, and if possible, if there is any algorithm/protocol to accomplish this... I want another entity, lets call them the Auditor, to ...
533 views

### What algorithm does PGP use to encrypt email?

I know it uses RSA/DSA to create keys, but does it use that same algorithm for the actual cipher?
145 views

### How to collect, process, and transmit data securely?

In my question "Authenticating data generated by a particular build of an open source program", Dave Cary requested that I post a question stating my real problem on a high level rather than the ...
22 views

### Can MGF1 within OAEP and PSS be replaced by a XOF?

Do we still need MGF1 as used in the PKCS#1 v2.x specifications for SHA-3 hash functions? MGF1 is currently used for OAEP and PSS as Mask Generation Function. Now that the SHA-3 specification contains ...
67 views

### Is there a method/protocol to validate a self-signed certificate by comparing a shortened hash?

I'm working on a solution where an iPad should connect to a server software running on a laptop using TLS with a self-signed certificate that was automatically generated on the laptop during the ...
44 views

### what kind of custom header add to encrypted file to identify my encryption,consider safe and reliable.like pseudo format extension or file size

I want to add some custom header to encrypted file to identify my encryption,consider safe and reliable.like pseudo format extension or file size.Is there any algorithm or tool to make it?
62 views

### How to prove a lemma that is based on phi-hiding assumption?

Assume that the $\phi$-hiding assumption is true, i.e. that for a composite number $m$, a PPT adversary A cannot distinguish between a prime $p_0$ that divides $\phi(m)$ and another prime $p_1$ that ...
56 views

### Term for the ratio of ciphertext to plaintext size?

Is there a term that determines the ratio of size of ciphertext $|c|$ and plaintext $|n|$? I vaguely recollect reading it as scale out factor. Is there a better term? Or a popular term for this?
73 views

### Exponential cipher theory misunderstanding

Say I pick modulus $m=2633$ and key $e=13$ My private key $d$ is $13$ inverse in $\bmod 2632$ which I need to compute $(e,m)$ is my public key that anyone can use to encrypt message for me and then ...
65 views

### Why the exponent is a power of 2 in Ring-LWE?

I was reading some papers on Ring-LWE. I found almost all of them talk to choose the polynomial modulo $x^n+1$ where $n$ is a power of $2$. I did not understand why this condition is necessary?
73 views

### multi key encryption

Is there an algorithm which allows using multiple keys for decryption? I had this scenario in mind: think about being a boss of a corperation which has an encrypted data base with loads of secret ...
41 views