# All Questions

71 views

### Secret Sharing 1 Required

Devise a scheme so that a message M can be shared among X, Y and Z in such a say that the only way of recovering the message is when X is present with either Y or Z. When X isn't present or each is ...
165 views

### Convert SpookyHash to semi-secure 192bit hash [closed]

What do you think of converting SpookyHash into semi-secure 192bit hash function by this way: increase security by using 8 * 8byte = 512bit blocks instead of 8 * 12byte blocks, but remaining 8 * ...
813 views

### RSA Key Generation Parameters - public exponent, certainty, string-to-key count

I want to know what values are appropriate for the public exponent and certainty when generating an RSA Key (for example using Bouncy Castle RSAKeyGenerationParameters function). What is the ...
39 views

### Locally Dedcodable Codes and Private Information Retrieval

Does anyone know about Locally Decodable Codes (LDCs)? It seems the private information retrieval schemes that based on LDCs are computationally efficent (answer a query without processing the whole ...
154 views

### IV = Filename XOR CipherKey?

i want to encrypt transparently using Rijndael. So this is, what I thought of and I would like to have an opinion from "Experts" whether this will harm encryption strenght. I am using chunks of 1MB ...
66 views

### What's wrong with this “order-preserving MAC” function?

Please note: this is purely a thought experiment and not intended for any real-world usage! I came up with a simple function $\mathrm{OPF}$ to map the integers $[0,C)$ (where $C$ is the "ChunkSize") ...
93 views

### Multi cipher CTR

What is your opinion on this scheme: 1)get IV from CSPRNG 2)set 3 encryption keys k1,k2,k3 (3*key_lenght) (KDF/PBKDF) 3)Use 3 ciphers in CTR mode like this: The initial IV is encrypted using ...
1k views

### Randomness test question from FIPS 140-1 and comparison with 140-2

In FIPS 140-1 there are 4 statistical random number generator tests (The Monobit Test, The Poker Test, The Runs Test and The Long Runs Test. Then FIPS 140-2 came along and supposedly tightened the ...
550 views

### Secure AES Key Generation via Salsa20?

I am not creating my own cryptography or anything, but to learn about the Dos and Donts of cryptography, I am looking into AES encryption and ways to generate keys for that. As far as I've ...
86 views

### Compression step of PGP

We do compression in PGP. Does this step increase/decrease or either have any effect regarding the authentication of a message?
426 views

### Can I use Shamir's secret sharing scheme for multiplicative homomorphism for secure multiparty computation?

I would like to perform a dot product operation among $m$ parties using Shamir's $(m,m)$ secret sharing that is used for Secure Multiparty Computation. I am aware that Shamir's $(m,m)$ scheme is ...
306 views

### How could Fully Homomorphic Encryption support power operations?

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables arbitrary functions computed on encrypted data, because it supports both addition and multiplication. But I wonder if FHE supports power operations. For ...
161 views

### Is it possible to determine or estimate the period for Blum-Micali PRG?

The Blum-Micali is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator. The construction (from wikipedia): Let $p$ be an odd prime, and let $g$ be a primitive root modulo $p$. Let $x_0$ be a ...
781 views

### SHA-256 Partial Collision of initial 36 bits and more

I was lucky enough to, by brute force, have found two different messages, whose SHA-256 hashes collide in the first 9 hexadecimal characters, which are 36 bits, ...
631 views

### Difference between collision resistance and target collision resistance

For a hash function, what's the difference between Collision Resistance and Target Collision Resistance?. I understand the definition of hash function collision resistance, but I don't know about ...
101 views

### How to compare different signature scheme's performance?

I am interested in comparing the computational performance of two signature schemes. However, I am unsure how to do that. My candidates are RSA and Shamir's ID Based Signature scheme. To get a fair ...
222 views

### Side-channel attacks against ECDH for Weierstrass normal form curves

I hear a lot about why Montgomery curves are used in ECC, and one reason is that the same algorithm can be used to do both point addition and doubling (this is not true for the Weierstrass normal ...
313 views

### Wrong Test Vector for HKDF with HMAC-SHA256 [closed]

I have implemented HKDF by myself and it seems to work good. I managed to replicate all the test vectors listed here but... except this one: ...
151 views

### How to obtain a one-value share in Shamir's secret sharing

This is a trivial question, but I had to ask: since each generated share in a Shamir's secret sharing scheme initially consists of a pair of values (representing the coordinates of a point on the ...
5k views

### How can I convert a DER ECDSA signature to ASN.1?

I having trouble verifying an ECDSA signature signed using client side javascript with Java/BouncyCastle. The javascript signing function source: ...
1k views

### Random oracle model proofs and programmability

Proving the security of a scheme with the random oracle model (ROM) involves two steps: first you prove that the scheme is secure in an idealized world where a random oracle exists, and then you ...
73 views

### Separate TLS Client Write and Server Write Keys in AES-CCM Mode

I am designing a system that uses TLS-like handshaking on a resource-constrained embedded system. I have settled on AES-CCM mode for symmetric session encryption and authentication, allowing ...
59 views

### Is timestamping possible without publishing?

The Wikipedia article Trusted Timestamping states that we can timestamp data by publishing it's hash. Publishing can be done either independently or via a third-party publisher, as explained by ...
76 views

### encrypting data signals using the time variations between two independent coupling functions [closed]

There was a recent article about a new encryption technique that encrypts "using the time variations between two independent coupling functions". What is this technique they are referring to?
96 views

### Prefixing data before encryption for passphrase confirmation?

I'm encrypting data with AES, using CryptoJS. CryptoJS returns an empty string in case the data couldn't be encrypted with the given passphrase. I'm not sure if this is intended, or happens in all ...
255 views

### Can anyone give an example where (asymmetric) crypto can go wrong due to selection of wrong groups?

Basically the title says it all. It would be great if someone could tell give an example using provable security. More information about groups can be found at: ...
138 views

### What are alternatives to number theory based crypto? [closed]

Quantum crypto,lattice based crypto, Neurocryptography and cellular automata based cryptography are alternatives to number theory based crypto. I need to know what are the other hard problems like ...
155 views

### The meaning of “scheme”

This question is a bit different from other questions here, but I think it is suitable to correctly understand the terminology of cryptography. Consider the following two sets of terms: Encryption ...
270 views

### Why is “multiplying” $g^x$ and $g^y$ not possible?

The computational Diffie-Hellman problem states that for a cyclic group $G$ of order $p$ and a generator $g$, it is hard to find the value $g^{xy}$ given only $g^x$ and $g^y$ (but easy if either $x$ ...
339 views

### Is that possible to use encryption higher than 256-bit?

When browsing websites with Chrome sometimes I can see a green lock and encryption info inside. It says the connection with this website is 128-bit or 256-bit encrypted with TLS1.2. So I'm wondering ...
863 views

### How do I create a short signature? (e.g. less than 100 bytes)

I want to put information into a QR code and have it signed so that the authenticity of the information can be verified. But QR codes have limited storage capacity and when I used e.g. gpg I get ...
207 views

### Thoughts on secure hashing and the “mds” algorithm

Almost a decade ago Raymond Chen blogged [1] about the "hash reset attack" cautioning developers to record the content length in addition to the message digest. Recently I came up with a variation on ...
424 views

### Private RSA key for HMAC key

I am creating software tokens for future request authentication, and I want to use an HMAC for the token to make them tamper-resistant. To ensure I can check the HMAC later I need a secret, persistent ...
45 views

### Delinearization in whitebox techniques

I'm reading through Chow et al.'s paper and Link et al.'s paper. There's a part I don't understand about Delinearization. They convert some steps of AES/DES into a Matrix, then divide the matrix in ...
133 views

### Key-dependent encryption in TAHOE-LAFS

TAHOE-LAFS uses a form of "key-dependent encryption", in that a private key SK is encrypted with the truncated hash of the private key: ...
212 views

### Traitor-tracing PRF

I'm looking for a pseudorandom function (PRF) with "traitor-tracing" properties. More specifically, I'd like there to be multiple equivalent keys, so I can give different parties different keys, but ...
1k views

### TLS Key Block calculation - What is a PRF?

In Section 6.3 of the RFC for TLS 1.2, it is written that the key_block is derived from the following formula: ...
221 views

### One-way function and uninvertible function [closed]

How can I prove the following: If $f$ is a one-way function, then it is an uninvertible function?
195 views

### What is the difference between PRF and a Random Oracle?

What is the difference between Pseudo Random Functions and Random Oracles? Is the difference only about the domain of PRFs and Random Oracles, former having a fixed domain and latter can act on any ...
80 views

### What is the Geometric Generalised T' Method?

This page by Nicolas T. Courtois mentions Geometric Generalised T' Method. It is described as an advanced geometric algorithm, never published, for finding extra linearly independent equations at ...
212 views

### Is there a point using GCM block chiper with Authenticated DH?

I'm delivering shared secret with DH exchange, using a static key for signing and an ephemeral for session, so is there a point using GCM for encrypting the data, or is a simple CBC/CTR block cipher ...
174 views

### Encrypting the same message using different schemes

$E_1$ and $E_2$ are IND-CPA secure encryption schemes. $E$ is defined as: $k_1,k_2 \leftarrow K_1 \times K_2$ . $E_{k_1,k_2}(m) \leftarrow E_{1,k_1}(m)||E_{2,k_2}(m)$. Hope the notations are in an ...
106 views

### Is substitution with random prefix codes secure? [closed]

The following paper interests me very much: D. W. Gillman, M. Mohtashemi, R. I. Rivest, On breaking a Huffman code. IEEE Trans. Inf. Th. Vol.42 (1996), pp 972-976. However, unfortunately due to my ...
2k views

### Cycle attack on RSA

I originally posted this question in the mathematics section, you can see it here. Let $p$ and $q$ be large primes, $n=pq$ and $e : 0<e<\phi(n), \space gcd(e, \phi(n))=1$ the public encyption ...
209 views

### Does changing the random number selected for each message increase security in Schnorr's scheme?

I was reading about Schnorr's scheme and in that for signing the signer generates a random number and continues with his operation. I am trying to implement this in a scenario where the signature ...
876 views

### Decrypt AES-128 with key file but missing IV? [duplicate]

I want to decrypt a file that has been encrypted using AES-128 in CBC mode using OpenSSL. I got the “.key” file – which is 32 digits – but when I try to decrypt with OpenSSL, the program asks me for ...
960 views

### Generating a number using SHA512 that users can later verify (once I publish secret seed)

I've wrote following C# method that basically takes 3 seeds and gives you number in 0-100 range. I then use that number for variety of purposes but for this question the most important one is the ...