All Questions

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Good references for learning proofs in security and crypto

I see in many crypto papers, they prove the security of a scheme by defining an adversary that can break the scheme, and then reaching some sort of contradiction that a baseline protocol is also ...
13 views

A one way Function provably reversible at N applications with the same seed?

I'm looking for a Function that is generally one way from some secret F(s, A) -> Y, where A is known, Y is produced (also known), and s is kept secret. But whose repeated application results in the ...
6 views

Infer encoding mechanism from n-grams distance

I have a series of obfuscated strings which across the set of strings have regions of high variance and regions of low variance (implying some encoding mechanism as opposed to an encryption procedure ...
25 views

Efficiently show/prove knowledge of third party secret without leaking information

Say Alice publishes (i.e. all parties in the universe) a key or certificate $x$ and sends a secret $s$ to Bob. Bob then publishes some data $d$ (his identity or a message or smt.) and an ...
9 views

Is it safe to salt MAC's key?

Assuming salt is public and is MAC'd with message. Attacker can modify salt. $k = KDF(password, salt)$ $tag = MAC_k(salt || message)$ Is it safe to salt MAC's key, which is derived with KDF?
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How secure is a lagged fibonacci sequence for encrypting brief messages?

Say I start with a 26-letter keyword and convert the letters into 26 integers (A=0, B=1...Z=25) nr[0] to nr[25]. Then I create a stream, nr[26] onwards, with a lagged fibonacci sequence where nr[n]= ...
54 views

Use case of RSA CRT

I discovered the CRT version of RSA cryptosystem which is used in many crypto libraries (openSSL, Java...). The use of the Chinese Remainder Theorem improves the speed of decryption so why it's not ...
23 views

New to Cryptography [on hold]

A friend of mind asked me if I could take a crack at this here: PRSAO EGERA UIADM WEHDN ISNRA SAWUA AESSR EFGDO SOGVO RBEEE AARTE SCTDF MENUI BRTTL MEYTU MTMEU AIKWH UTKWE RWAHM NPWRA EESON ONESE ...
175 views

What do you call one time pad where pseudo-random numbers are used?

What is the encryption method called when pseudo-random numbers are used instead of true random numbers?
79 views

How Secure is a Pronounceable Password? In means of entropy

There are some strong studies which support the use of pronounceable passwords and multiple tools which provide generation of such passwords. According to this question the entropy of a password ...
582 views

What is the disadvantage of AES-GCM mode for authenticated encryption? Why does the CAESAR competition say that it’s one of the goals to find an AE scheme that offers an advantage over AES-GCM? What ...
20 views

Crypto (mainly binary [on hold]

So I have this binary data, and I am not really sure where to even start with decrypting it... I ran it through python's binascii library (b2a_uu, b2a_hex, b2a_qp) and I haven't gotten even a place to ...
28 views

Is there any probabilistic version of RSA?

I have now studying the RSA, but I think that is it possible to have some probabilistic version like a random bit string "r" XORed with the key? Is there any probabilistic version of RSA? Thak you ...
185 views

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What can be learned from the ciphertext of LibSodium's crypto_box_detached()?

LibSodium, (https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium), has a function crypto_box_detached() which does authenticated encryption using the public key of the recipient ...
50 views

Is AES's parity key-dependent?

Is the parity of the permutation of the set $\{0,1\}^{128}$, defined by AES encryption for a certain fixed key, dependent on this key? DES, and any pure Feistel cipher, has even parity for any key. ...
35 views

How to find secret key and public key for ECC cryptosystem?

Develop an ECC cryptosystem based on E31(1;1), point G = (0,1) which has order 32. nA value of 6. What is the secret key? What is the public key?
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A simulation for the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol

I am looking for a Python/Java/C/C++ (any programming language, actually) simulation for the BB84 qkd protocol. I am very new to this field and I just want to better understand how it works and maybe ...
89 views

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How are salt values more secure? [duplicate]

If a database stores password encrypted by using salt values, how are they stored? I read somewhere, it uses timestamps. So is the timestamp also stored? How about when a user tries to login next ...
20 views

Mounting internal FileVault encrypted drive in 10.9 OS X in Recovery Mode without unlocking it; Passware brute-force [migrated]

I encrypted my internal hard drive with FileVault a while ago on Lion such that it prompts for the disk password when I restart the computer and recently upgraded to Mavericks on my MBPro Retina. It ...
150 views

How do you test randomness?

Suppose I receive a list of 1 million coinflips, and I want to know how likely it is that the list was randomly generated. My first thought would be to count the number of heads and tails, which ...
235 views

This question is related to this one in intention, and this one in scope. Would I be guarding myself against future attacks on a single PRNG if I combine two (or more) together? I am thinking of ...
33 views

How to compute 3P from elliptic curve where P is (28, 8) [on hold]

Consider the elliptic curve E31(1,1): Calculate 3P, where P = (28,8).
15 views

What are the advantages of Certificate Authority and Key Distribution Center over each other?

I want know difference among them. What are advantages/disadvantage of one on other?
15 views

Smart card minidriver: CryptAcquireContext failed with error 0x80090016 (NTE_BAD_KEYSET) [on hold]

I encountered a problem just like: https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/windowsdesktop/en-US/838037c5-2480-4ffd-8524-c8c2b16c620c/minidrivers-problem-in-windows-7?forum=windowssecurity I wrote a ...
37 views

Convert message to polynomial NTRU

How to make a message into a polynomial? I saw many answers to this question and yes, i know that here are some questions. But i did not get it. I think that i am making some mistakes. I took a word ...
95 views

Generic group model: use of polynomials in the proof of the master theorem

I've been looking at the paper of Boneh, Boyen, Goh Hierarchical Identity Based Encryption with Constant Size Ciphertext which contains a general theorem (Theorem A.2) about the advantage of an ...
138 views

Understanding Pseudo Random Generators

I've been taking a crypto course online. I have a good idea how PRG's and Stream Ciphers work, but I'd love to get some input to help visualize what is actually happening. I understand a seed is used, ...
54 views

Prepending random data to encrypted file

If random data is prepended to a file encrypted with GNUPG's symmetric encryption, how may an attacker find out if the input file is deliberately corrupted or the passphrase is wrong? If it is not ...
450 views

What is the use of Mersenne Primes in cryptography

There is an international search for Mersenne Primes. The project is huge. But what is the use of Mersenne Primes in cryptography? Do they have any other properties other than the $2^n-1$ form?
31 views

How to guess the encoding of a string? [on hold]

I am trying to decode a string without knowing the encoding. The encoding is probably some industry standard, but I haven't been able to recognize patterns. Where would be a good place to start on ...
116 views

Does a stream cipher require a KDF when it's key is variable length?

RC4 has a variable length key. Is it still necessary to use a key derivation function, such as PBKDF2, to initialize it? Would using a single character password weaken it's output when compared to a ...
180 views

verify contents, but not order

Is there an algorithm that can be used to verify the contents of a cyphertext, but not the order of the elements? I am thinking that a deck of cards could be shuffled, and it must be verifiable that ...
94 views

Is it possible to hand-negotiate an SSL/TLS session?

I'm interested in trying to hand-negotiate an SSL/TLS session. Similar to how one would use telnet to port 80 and type GET / HTTP/1.1. I know there's a lot of steps ...
13 views

Computing the redundancy of language for a Vigenère cipher with m=5

Redundancy of L = 1- Entropy of L/ log base 2 {P} The Redundancy of L is given by 1 minus the Entropy of L divided by log base 2 of the Cardinality of the Plaintext space. Could someone advise me how ...
94 views

AES Affine Transformation in $GF(2^4)$

in $GF(2^8)$ the AES affine transformation is defined as \begin{equation*} b( x ) = ( x^7 + x^6 + x^2 + x ) + a ( x )( x^7 + x^6 + x^5 + x^4 + 1) mod (x^8 + 1) \end{equation*} where the polynom \$( x^7 ...
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Where is defined the fact of having a “learning” and “challenge” phase in cryptography proofs?

I've read Bellare and Rogaway 2004 and Shoup 2004 about game-based cryptography proofs, but I lack precisions about how should be built the "learning" and "challenge" phases, since my games will ...
55 views

For calculating the index of coincidence for each sequence

I was learning about the finding the key length reading the following web site... http://practicalcryptography.com/cryptanalysis/stochastic-searching/cryptanalysis-vigenere-cipher/ and I really don't ...