A tag is a keyword or label that categorizes your question with other, similar questions. Using the right tags makes it easier for others to find and answer your question.
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encryption× 168
the process of transforming plaintext using a cipher to make it unreadable to anyone except those possessing the key.
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hash× 106
a function which takes a variable size input and produces a fixed size output. The algorithm makes it difficult to predict the output for a given input, find two inpu…
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cryptanalysis× 99
finding weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms (i.e. "breaking" them)
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public-key× 95
Public key cryptography describes all cryptographic algorithms which have a pair of keys, one key that performs encryption and one key that performs decryption. One of these keys is made available pub…
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rsa× 95
an asymmetric (e.g. public-key) cryptosystem, based on modular exponentiation with big exponents and modulus. RSA can be used both for signature and encryption.
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aes× 63
(or Advanced Encryption Standard), a symmetrical block-cipher algorithm with a 128-bit block size, and key sizes of 128, 192 or 256 bits.
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block-cipher× 54
an encryption algorithm which encrypts fixed-size blocks of plaintext to same-sized blocks of ciphertext. For good ciphers every bit of the ciphertext block depends on every bit of t…
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signature× 42
Algorithms and protocols for creating signatures to documents, and verifying such signatures. These are normally asymmetric, for symmetric signatures see [mac].
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protocol-design× 40
Design of cryptographic protocols, i.e. ways of using algorithms (primitives) to achieve one or more security goals like integrity, confidentiality, authenticity (maybe together with non-security-rela…
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passwords× 37
secret keys which human beings can memorize.
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implementation× 35
the process of taking it from its mathematical or algorithmic description and producing a working version, often in computer software or hardware. This tag should …
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random-number-generator× 32
creation of (real or pseudo) random numbers (or bits).
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modes-of-operation× 27
ways of transforming a block cipher to a stream cipher, enabling repeated use without changing the key.
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authentication× 26
successfully validating that an entity you are communicating with is actually who they claim to be. The entity typically demonstrates who they are by showing they possess a secret th…
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algorithm-design× 25
Design of cryptographic primitives (algorithms), like block ciphers, stream ciphers, random-number generators, hash functions, MACs, key exchanges, public-key encryption or signature schemes. Also tag…
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diffie-hellman× 24
The most famous key exchange algorithm with perfect forward-secrecy.
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symmetric× 23
Symmetric cryptosystems assume two communicating entities share a pre-established secret key.
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brute-force-attack× 22
attempting to find a secret value by trying all possible values until the correct one is found.
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number-theory× 21
the study of the properties and construction of numbers, particularly integers. Prime numbers are of particular interest to number theorists and consequently cryptographers as they ar…
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elliptic-curves× 21
a mathematical structure. In cryptography, it is common to use the structure $y^2 = x^3 + ax^2 + b$ over a finite field. Questions relating to elliptic curves and derived algorithm…
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key-exchange× 20
Key exchange protocols allow two parties to produce a secret session key over a public channel.
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stream-cipher× 20
an encryption algorithm which encrypts arbitrary length plain text, using a (fixed length) key. Some stream ciphers generate a key stream from only the key, which is then XOR-combin…
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ssl× 19
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its successor TLS (Transport Layer Security) are protocols which provide communication security (privacy and integrity) for a bidirectional data channel.
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prime-numbers× 19
an integer greater than 1 with no divisors other than itself and 1. Primes and prime products play an important role in public key cryptography.
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mac× 19
(or message authentication code), a short piece of information used to authenticate a message, and the algorithm to create and check such information, using a secret key.
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elgamal× 19
a public key encryption scheme and signature scheme with security based on the discrete logarithm problem.
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keys× 18
usually secret information used as input to various kinds of cryptographic algorithms, like encryption, signature, MAC, to select the concrete transformation done by the algorithm.
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des× 17
(or Data Encryption Standard), a (symmetric) block cipher using a 64 bit block size, with keys of size 56 bit, the standard US block cipher from 1976 to 2001.
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cbc× 16
a method for encrypting large amounts of data with a block cipher that can only encrypt fixed length plaintexts. When used with an unpredictable initialization vector (I…
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hash-collision× 16
any pair of values (preimages) that when hashed produce the same digest (image). Finding even one example of a collision should be infeasible in a cryptographically secure hash fun…
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security× 16 |
initialization-vector× 15
Random data used by block cipher modes of operation to randomize the output in order to achieve semantic security. Also for other similar constructs in other iterative algorithms.
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key-derivation× 15
In cryptography, a key derivation function (or KDF) derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key or other known information such as a password or passphrase using a pseudo-…
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md5× 15
a hash function that is no longer considered secure. It should only be used for backward compatibility.
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classical-cipher× 14
Ciphers invented before the era of computers and modern cryptographic theory. Classical ciphers typically operate on letters instead of bits and are usually designed to be implemented by hand or using…
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sha1× 14
a hash function that will soon be two generations old. It is no longer considered secure and should only be used for backward compatibility.
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