# Tags

A tag is a keyword or label that categorizes your question with other, similar questions. Using the right tags makes it easier for others to find and answer your question.

 Type to find tags:
 frequency-analysis× 20 the study of letters or groups of letters contained in a ciphertext in an attempt to partially reveal the message. challenge-response× 20 a family of protocols in which one party presents a question ("challenge") and another party must provide a valid answer ("response") to be authenticated. cfb× 20 an encryption mode, that builds a self-synchronizing stream-cipher from a block-cipher. secure-storage× 20 Secure storage describes storing resources in a secure way, so that they are only available to authorized users and trusted networks. replay-attack× 19 based on recording an encrypted and/or signed communication and replaying it at a later time. sponge× 19 a construction scheme for hash functions (and other symmetric primitives) based on an unkeyed permutation. The most famous example is Keccak, which won the SHA-3 competitio… transposition-cipher× 19 A classical cipher in which the ciphertext is obtained by scrambling the letters of the plaintext. voting× 19 a method for a group such as a meeting or an electorate to make a decision or express an opinion. xts× 19 a block cipher mode of operation, which is most commonly used when random accessible data (like a hard disk or RAM) is to be encoded. deniable-encryption× 19 a type of cryptography that allows an encrypted text to be decrypted in two or more ways, depending on which decryption key is used. lightweight× 19 Small and/or fast ciphers and other cryptographic primitives designed for use in constrained environments, such as embedded MCUs and smart cards. hardness-assumptions× 19 order-preserving× 19 a method of encrypting data so that it's possible to make efficient inequality comparisons on the encrypted items without decrypting them. oaep× 18 a padding scheme which has been standardized in [PKCS #1v29](http://www.emc.com/collateral/white-papers/h11300-pkcs-1v2-2-rsa-cryptography-standard-wp.pdf) and… poly1305× 18 a cryptographic message authentication code (MAC) written by Daniel J. Bernstein. It can be used to verify the data integrity and the authenticity of a message. pkcs11× 18 PKCS #11 (Public-Key Cryptography Standard 11) defines a platform-independent API to cryptographic tokens, such as hardware security modules (HSM) and smart cards called *Cryptoki*. key-schedule× 18 an algorithm that expands a relatively short master key to a relatively large expanded key for later use in an encryption and decryption algorithm. fips-140× 18 a U.S. government computer security standard used to accredit cryptographic modules. cmac× 18 a block cipher-based message authentication code algorithm. algebraic-attack× 18 a method of cryptanalysis against a cipher 1)expressing the cipher operations as a system of equations. 2)substituting in known data for some of the variables. 3)sol… twofish× 18 A symmetric block-cipher algorithm with a 128-bit block size, and key sizes up to 256 bits. timestamping× 17 the current time of an event that is recorded by a computer. You can use digital timestamps via a trusted authority to certify and protect your intellectual property or your … functional-encryption× 17 a type of public-key encryption, where the party that has access to a secret key can learn a function from that key, which is used to encrypt and decrypt messages. libsodium× 17 "The sodium crypto library". A cryptographic multi-language-library with support for many modern cryptographic primitives, that is a fork of the NaCl library. The library focuses on providing easy-to-… hotp× 17 The HMAC-based one-time password algorithm defined in RFC 4226. key-distribution× 17 quadratic-residuosity× 17 A residue of order 2. A number $a$ for which the congruence $x^2 ≡ a \pmod m$ has a solution is called a quadratic residue modulo $m$. ofb× 17 an encryption mode, that builds a synchronous stream-cipher from a block-cipher. playfair× 16 a digraph substitution cipher. It employs a table where one letter of the alphabet is omitted, and the letters are arranged in a 5x5 grid. commutative-encryption× 16 A commutative encryption system allows a message encrypted with two different keys to be decrypted using the keys in either order. crc× 16 a non-cryptographic error-detecting code. While CRCs occasionally appear as parts of a cryptosystem, questions purely about CRCs and other non-cryptographic checksums ar… adversarial-model× 15 An adversary model formally defines the power of the adversary. It includes specifics whether the adversary is deterministic/randomized, uniform/non-uniform, interactive/non-interactive and how he int… accumulators× 15 a one way membership function. It answers a query as to whether a potential candidate is a member of a set without revealing the individual members of the set. embedded× 15 a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. montgomery-multiplication× 15 information-theory× 15 concerned with sending messages via electronic signals in the most efficient and error-free way.