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The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$$k \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY})$ that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY})$ that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $k \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY})$ that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

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e-sushi
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The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY}$)$\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY})$ that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY}$) that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY})$ that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

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The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

$$ \kappa = \leftarrow KG(1^\lambda) $$ $$ Invoke \space A^{TAG_k(\cdot),VRFY_k(\cdot,\cdot)} $$ $$ Output \space 1 \space if \space A \space queried \space (m^*,\tau^*) \space to \space VRFY_k(\cdot,\cdot) \space s.t. \space VRFY_k(m^*,\tau^*) = Accept \space and \space A \space didn't \space receive \space \tau^* \space by \space querying \space m^* \space to \space TAG_k(\cdot) $$

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: $$Output \space 1 \space \space if \space A \space gives \space k' \space s.t. \space k=k' $$ HowOutput $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $MAC(KG,TAG,VRFY$$\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY}$) that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

$$ \kappa = \leftarrow KG(1^\lambda) $$ $$ Invoke \space A^{TAG_k(\cdot),VRFY_k(\cdot,\cdot)} $$ $$ Output \space 1 \space if \space A \space queried \space (m^*,\tau^*) \space to \space VRFY_k(\cdot,\cdot) \space s.t. \space VRFY_k(m^*,\tau^*) = Accept \space and \space A \space didn't \space receive \space \tau^* \space by \space querying \space m^* \space to \space TAG_k(\cdot) $$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: $$Output \space 1 \space \space if \space A \space gives \space k' \space s.t. \space k=k' $$ How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $MAC(KG,TAG,VRFY$) that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

The standard notion security for MACs is usually expressed by means of experiments like the following one (given an attacker A):

  1. $\kappa = \leftarrow \mathsf{KG}(1^\lambda)$
  2. Invoke $A^{\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot),\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)}$
  3. Output $1$ if $A$ queried $(m^*,\tau^*)$ to $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(\cdot,\cdot)$ s.t. $\mathsf{VRFY}_k(m^*,\tau^*) = \mathsf{Accept}$ and $A$ didn't receive $\tau^*$ by querying $m^*$ to $\mathsf{TAG}_k(\cdot)$

Now consider the following variation to point 3: Output $1$ if $A$ gives $k'$ s.t. $k=k'$

How could I prove that a MAC unforgeable according to the first game is unforgeable according to the second game too? Is there a specific $\mathsf{MAC}(\mathsf{KG},\mathsf{TAG},\mathsf{VRFY}$) that is unforgeable according to the second game, but not according to the first one?

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