¹ Designed circa the end of the 20th century, I wish I knew exactly by who. A modern variant would use RSAES-OAEP padding and the $m<n/2$ trick, or best separate encryption and signature keys. It would also use public moduli much larger than 1024-bit, but I was instrumental in not increasing that value (see this) late in the project and causing yet another launch delay. I don't regret that bet: roads would have been rather less than more safe from drivers lacking sleep or over-speeding if Europe had waited 2048-bit RSA gizmos to be available to enforce something better than the old recording disc. As predicted, fraud on the new system ended up focusing elsewhere: pulling the power fuse during part of a long drive (pretentingpretending the battery was disconnected to avoid vehicle theft or fire ire risk to explain the record of that incident), using a magnet on the motion sensor (as an alternate way to stop recording while driving), unscrewing the real motion sensor and stimulating it artificially (to lower the recorded speed), somewhat getting the calibration factors off (to the same effect), drivers getting hold of two cards (doubling their driving allowance), plain not introducing their card, or purposely using old trucks (without the new Digital Tachograph mandated).