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I would like to know what are the pairing parameters of PBC library and what are they used for? Here an example where they are used.

I noticed that we can give any file in the param subdirectory. Is there any difference or change if we use one file unstead of another?

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the parameters define which curve is used, which has consequences on security and efficiency.

To decide which curve type you need, go to section 8 of the PBC manual and read the paper "pairings for cryptographers"

then PBC provides functions to create your curve (i.e. param files): https://crypto.stanford.edu/pbc/manual/ch05s01.html

But you can skip this step by directly using one of the curves already provided in the param directory.

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    $\begingroup$ The parameters not only define the curve (Type and parameters), but also the field/group with its order(s) through over which the curve is defined. $\endgroup$
    – Artjom B.
    Commented Jan 27, 2016 at 19:53

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