32 questions linked to/from Does RSA work for any message M?
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### In what cases will RSA not work? [duplicate]

I know that there are cases when RSA will not work like when the number to feed into the system is greater than the modulus. I was wondering if there were any other cases when RSA won't work I looked ...
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### RSA: Fermat-Euler Theorem - coprimality of message and modulus [duplicate]

I understand the implication of the Fermat-Euler theorem and how it applies to RSA and the detailed explanation by user Ninefingers at What is the relation between RSA & Fermat's little ...
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### Why can't different messages result in the same ciphertext when encrypted with RSA? [duplicate]

In the encryption step of the RSA encryption to get the cypher text $C$ $C \equiv M^e \pmod n$ I am struggling to understand how we know that there only exists one $M$ that maps to a certain $C$? ...
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### RSA Encryption: What happens if n is a factor of the message M? [duplicate]

From what I have learned about RSA encryption, the message M and the modulo n must be coprime because Euler's theorem only holds for coprime numbers? for example, what happens if I choose p = 3, q = ...
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### Fermat's little theorem in RSA with CRT [duplicate]

I have a question about the calculation of RSA decryption with the help of the CRT (Chinese Remainder Theorem). If $c$ is the crytogram, $m$ the message, $d$ the private key and $p, q$ the primes. ...
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### In RSA, what happens if the plaintext $m$ is not coprime to $n$? [duplicate]

Coming from the Wikipedia page on RSA, I think I understand the following: RSA is based on generating an integer $n$ as the product of two large primes, $p$ and $q$, and encryption/decryption ...
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### RSA encryption. Does message have to be coprime to n? [duplicate]

If I understand correctly, for RSA to work we need the message(cleartext) M $\in Z_n$ and gcd(M,n)=1. That is M coprime to n. This is to fulfil the requirement for Eulers theorem. How does RSA make ...
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### RSA Proof of Correctness

Can anyone provide an extended (and well explained) proof of correctness of the RSA Algorithm? And why is it needed? I can't say that this or this helped me much, I'd like a more detailed and newbie ...
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### Why does gcd(m,N) have to be 1 in RSA?

In the RSA algorithm, if an attacker wants to get $d$, the attacker does this simply by encrypting random messages $m < N$. If the attacker ﬁnds a message $m_1$ that the attacker can not encrypt ...
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### In RSA $(e,n)$, $(d,p,q)$, why does it work even if plaintext $M$ is not coprime with $n$?

I read this post Does RSA work for any message M?, but I cant prove that $(M^e)^d-M\equiv 0\pmod{p}$ like this:
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### Proving RSA is a permutation

I am trying to prove that RSA is a permutation. All I can find is places where it is stated that it is a permutation because the function is bijective. I know that it is, but would like to see a ...
### Why is RSA encryption performed in mod n, but computation of inverse in $\bmod \varphi(n)$
I am studying the principles of RSA and have come across some unintuitive statements. Lets revisit the RSA algorithm: RSA Key Generation Output: public key: $k_{pub} = (n,e)$ and private key: \$k_{pr}...