28 questions linked to/from How reassuring is 64-bit (in)security?
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### Does “Shattered” actually show SHA-1-signed certificates are “unsafe”?

Note: I am not advocating anyone continues using SHA1-signed certificates: they are dead as far as security is concerned and should no longer be used. I'm just trying to clarify my understanding of ...
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### After Google's collision attack, is RSA-SHA1 signature still safe?

Google succeeded to get a collision in SHA-1 last year in an attack called shattered. Does this fact make certificates based RSA-SHA1 Signature risky for creating fraud certificates? If RSA-SHA1 ...
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### Has AES-128 been fully broken?

Has AES-128 been broken over the full 10 rounds? If so, by what means? By a commercial entity? By a supercomputer? If not, why is AES-256 used to replace AES-128 so frequently?
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### In 2020, SHA-1 practically broken in chosen-prefix collision (CP-collision). Can double SHA-1 hashing prevent CP-collision?

In a recent study SHA-1 is a Shambles - First Chosen-Prefix Collision on SHA-1 and Application to the PGP Web of Trust by Gaëtan Leurent and Thomas Peyrin. 2020, they showed the first practical chosen-...
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### Is it possible to find the key for AES ECB if I have a list of plaintext and corresponding ciphertext?

Assume I have a list of plaintext text and its corresponding ciphertext which was created using a specific key with AES in ECB mode. Can I recover that key? If, how big does the list of plaintext ...
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### Do ciphers with a key size of 64 bits still have use under very limited attack models?

If we have a very performance critical interactive session, like a video game, running on a trusted platform (video game console). If our goal is to prevent exfiltration of up to date information (...
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### SHA-256 security for initial 32 bits

I have concerns regarding truncated SHA-256 hashes in an application I am building at the moment: Nomenclature secret - the full 256-bit SHA-256 result of hashing ...
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### Supercomputer to crash hash

For NVIDIA TESLA V100 I know a hashcat performance for SHA1: it is about 17000 MH/s. Performance index for V100 is FP32 5120, FP64 2560. But what about supercomputers? For example Summit ...
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### AES-128 with doubled 8Byte key

Assuming I encrypt data with AES-128 and a random 8-byte key x in the following way: ...
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### Finding and matching SHA512 Unsalted Hash

We are given a list of possible strings, there are $32^{16}$ ($=2^{80}$) to be exact. We also have the unsalted SHA512 of the original target string. How long would it take to go through those ...
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### Good pre-image resistance value for hash visualization

I want to do "hash visualization", i.e. derive a human-meaningful information from a hash, like a phrase or an avatar. But the current techniques usually don't use many bits, for example tripphrases ...
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### How reassuring is 64-qubit security?

After we've concluded that 64-bit is an insecurity for classical computers, I think many would like to know, how secure in a perspective view, is 64 quantum bits security. As we know, the Grover's ...
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### MD5 hash: retrieve an element of a source string

Suppose you have a string, precisely an MD5 hash string, which basically it is computed in the following way: "element1:element2:element3" So, in order to get ...
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### Calculating DES key knowing message before and after encryption [duplicate]

I've 8 bytes before encryption (for example: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08) and 8 bytes after DES encryption: ...
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### What is meant by encrypting/decrypting a known plaintext/ciphertext with every possible key in meet-in-the-middle?

I am working on the Meet-in-the-middle attack on 2DES and I have got some questions I am not sure about. I read several websites/articles about it so I have got an idea of what it is and how it works. ...