35 questions linked to/from How reassuring is 64-bit (in)security?
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### How long would it take all of the supercomputers or cloud computing on Earth to bruteforce a significantly long password?

I was arguing with a colleague who thinks that SHA256 (password + 64 character static salt) is "insecure." My argument is that nothing in cryptography is "secure," it's all a ...
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### Is it theoretically possible to create an unbreakable cipher?

I know this question might sound strange, but is it theoretically possible to create an unbreakable cipher if we don't consider bruteforce? Some of us believe that it is possible to create ciphers and ...
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### Is Mega.nz encryption vulnerable to brute force cracking by quantum computers?

I am interested in Mega.nz cloud storage. It is using end-to-end encryption. It says that it uses AES-128 to encrypt files And there are more details in their white paper But I saw that quantum ...
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### Recovery Passphrase Collission for BIP-39 and BIP-44

Referring to the standards of [BIP-39] and [BIP-44]: a 'master password' consisting of 12 words uniformly selected from a 2048-word dictionary corresponds to 128 bits of entropy, that is then used as ...
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### 3DES security when K1=K3

I am mainly looking for security on 2-key $\operatorname{3DES}$ implementation where $K_1=K_3$. How hard or easy is it to crack $\operatorname{3DES}$ when $K_1=K_3$?
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### How long would it take to brute force a 32 or 16 bit integer and which type of processor would brute force this in the shortest period of time

I was actually wondering... How long would it take to crack/brute force a 32 bit key/encryption and a 16 bit key/encryptions respectively on a 4GHZ and a 2GHZ PC. I know that a 32 bit integer has 4,...
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### How to calculate time needed for decryption of 64-bit key

I am having trouble figuring out how long it takes to decrypt a 64-bit key, given that a computer can do 1 billion trials per second. I know that there are $2^{64} = 1.844 \times 10^{19}$ possible ...
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### Do ciphers with a key size of 64 bits still have use under very limited attack models?

If we have a very performance critical interactive session, like a video game, running on a trusted platform (video game console). If our goal is to prevent exfiltration of up to date information (...
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### Can Trivium ciphertext be decrypted by an adversary if the key is known, but the IV is not?

Suppose that the adversary is able to recover the key of Trivium cipher. But the associated IV is unknown to him. Will he be able to decrypt the ciphertexts without any complexity?
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### 80-bit security and attack time

Many designer claimed that their cryptography scheme has 80-bit security. So how to calculate the time of attcking this 80-bit security cryptography scheme, such as 80-bit security RSA using a kind of ...
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### SHA-256 security for initial 32 bits

I have concerns regarding truncated SHA-256 hashes in an application I am building at the moment: Nomenclature secret - the full 256-bit SHA-256 result of hashing ...
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### MD5 hash: retrieve an element of a source string

Suppose you have a string, precisely an MD5 hash string, which basically it is computed in the following way: "element1:element2:element3" So, in order to get ...
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### Good pre-image resistance value for hash visualization

I want to do "hash visualization", i.e. derive a human-meaningful information from a hash, like a phrase or an avatar. But the current techniques usually don't use many bits, for example tripphrases ...