Questions tagged [sha-256]
SHA-256 is part of the SHA-2 family of hash functions with a 256-bit output and a 128-bit security level.
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RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-256AndMGF1Padding in Ruby [migrated]
Any thoughts on the best approach to decrypt a value encrypted with RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-256AndMGF1Padding encryption in Ruby? Or general steps?
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SHA256 creates a unique hash for two *.wim that have identical content - are there better methods for verifying *.wim contents?
I'm trying to verify that the contents of a Windows Image are identical for two WIM files; however, I think the timestamps for the file modifications are affecting the final checksums--even though the ...
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2answers
149 views
Collision resistance of partial SHA-256 hashes XOR'ed
My hashing algorithm computes the SHA-256 for each of 12 input strings and XORs them to get the final hash.
Is there a risk of an attacker being able to forge 2 sets of inputs that yield the same ...
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1answer
62 views
Do I still need SHA256 if I already had a AES 256 key that is 44 characters long?
Several months ago, I was required to research on AES and SHA-256 to make a secured license system for my app. However, I was dumb enough that couldn't distinguish between the 256 bits from AES and ...
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3answers
205 views
SHA-256: One input, two different outputs?
I am new to SHA-256. I have discovered that the same input could produce different SHA-256 hash ouputs depending on the (online) device I chose for generating the hash.
Is this normal, or is there a ...
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1answer
52 views
How does sha-2 with fewer rounds work?
The wikipedia page about sha-2 states:
Currently, the best public attacks break preimage resistance for 52 out of 64 rounds of SHA-256 or 57 out of 80 rounds of SHA-512
How exactly is the sha-256 ...
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2answers
127 views
Hashing a hash for authentication
I currently use Argon2 to derive a key (I will use a salt which I will save in a file as plaintext for when I later need to derive a key again) from a given password which I will use to encrypt a file ...
2
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3answers
103 views
Suitable 16-bit checksum?
I am writing a toy1 transport protocol and I am trying to implement a feature whereby:
A 16-bit checksum is included in every packet.
This checksum can be extended to be 48-bit if the data is large, ...
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1answer
43 views
Is it possible for a hash in SHA-256 to have more than 8 digits? [closed]
Is it ever possible for a hash to have more than 8 digits in SHA-256?
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45 views
Why initialize values and array SHA256 with specific buffer?
Why initialize values and array SHA256 with specific buffer?
...
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2answers
115 views
How is the hash for a file calculated?
Is the file just read bit by bit to calculate the hash with those values or is there more to it?
Are there any resources to read a bit more about file hashing?
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1answer
90 views
SHA256 message schedule examples
I need some example values for the message schedule stage of SHA256 to test this part of my implementation.
If possible in binary, for the string 'abc'.
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2answers
56 views
For the hash computation of SHA-256, is it computed in parallel or series?
I'm trying to write my own SHA-256 implementation in VHDL, which runs in parallel execution style
I have been using this as a reference to the SHA-256 algorithm: https://www.researchgate.net/file....
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1answer
62 views
ECDSA signature of a random 32 byte number vs. the hash of the number
I'm working on an application that involves signing a 32 byte random number generated by the OS. Assuming the RNG works as intended, is it safe to sign the random number itself rather than a hash of ...
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1answer
48 views
Bitcoin mining: how is a block header of 80 bytes processed in SHA-256? Isn't it too big?
The whole process of bitcoin mining was making sense to me until a moment of madness an hour ago, if there are 80 bytes of data to be processed in SHA-256, that's 640 bits of data to be processed in ...
2
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1answer
89 views
Use a hash-function twice
I'm creating a small messenger and I wanted to know if it makes sense to store user passwords double-hashed in our backend-database. I wanted the user the register in an app, which should save a hash ...
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1answer
86 views
Is there any Corelation between the SHA256 and SHA512 hash of the same data?
Is there any Corelation between the SHA256 and SHA512 hash of the same data ?
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2answers
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What is the difference between SHA-3 and SHA-256?
I am new about cryptography,
I learned that SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST....
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1answer
70 views
Is it possible to unhash sha256 if you are given the sha256 and unhash of a variable? [closed]
Lets say that $a, b, c$ are variables and you know that
$$\operatorname{sha256}(a) = b \\
\operatorname{decrypt}(b) = a \\ \operatorname{sha256}(b) = c \\ \operatorname{decrypt}(c) = b$$
Is it ...
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1answer
2k views
What does the symbol $W_t$ mean in the SHA-256 specification?
I'm really confused about the computation about SHA 256.
$$W_t = \begin{cases}
M_t^{(i)} & 0 \leq t \leq 15 \\
&\\
\sigma_1^{256}(W_{t-2}) + W_{t-7} + \sigma_0^{256}(W_{t-15}) + W_{t-16} &...
2
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2answers
324 views
How to prove that finding a cycle in a cryptographic hash function is hard?
I want to show that finding cycles in a cryptographic hash function is hard.
My thought: assume there a black box, that given a cryptographic hash function $h$, finds some $x$ and $r$ in polynomial ...
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2answers
94 views
Can i generate a SHA512 hash if i know the SHA256 hash of some unknown data?
if the SHA256 Hash of some unknown data is known !
Can i find the SHA512 of that unknown data ?
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1answer
217 views
Is SHA-256 OK to use for key derivation for a key that is never persisted?
The scenario: On the one side a user enters a pass phrase to encrypt a stream of data (AES-GCM) and a symmetric encryption key is derived from the pass phrase using plain SHA-256 (so not a slow ...
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0answers
50 views
Is reverse engineering SHA256-HMAC function possible? [duplicate]
Assume HMAC function is used to generate a 6-digt integers time-based onetime password. As follows:
$$K_h =\operatorname{HMAC}(k,t) = H((k\oplus\text{opad})\mathbin\| H((k\oplus\text{ipad})\mathbin\|...
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2answers
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How can I hash an input into an arbitrary domain point?
I am trying to implement a signature scheme involving RSA signing of a message digest generated by SHA-$256$. I want to hash the input into an RSA domain point instead of the fixed $256$ bit digest ...
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1answer
370 views
How to change hash checksum of a text file without changing the contents in the file
I have created a text file called test.txt and the content of the file is Hello World
I would like to change the SHA checksum hash without modifying the contents and filename. Is there any way to do ...
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1answer
184 views
Is padding of the digest needed in SHA256 with RSA-2048 scheme?
For a signing scheme involving generating a $256$ bit digest using SHA256 followed by RSA with $2048$ bit modulus, the signature would always be 256 bit without padding even though sigantures of up to ...
2
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1answer
122 views
What should I use for consequent AES key derivation?
I am writing a small chat program to explore some methods and concepts in cryptography and currently I am using a shared AES key tunneled with RSA which upon further reading revealed many flaws both ...
2
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2answers
153 views
Does the knowledge of SHA256(secret) and SHA256(secret + known constant) give any information about the secret just SHA256(secret)?
Does knowledge of SHA256(secret) and SHA256(secret + known constant) give any information about the secret than just SHA256(secret)?
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1answer
70 views
Is it possible to guarantee a SHA-256 hash will begin with a certain 3 bytes?
I've found this online currency someone has built as a project and it's "miner" / Proof of Work algorithm is as follows:
Generate 32 bytes of random data and hash it, store the original value and the ...
17
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2answers
4k views
What makes SHA256 secure?
For example, RSA relies on a mathematically hard problem, factoring, while ECDSA or similar rely on discrete logarithm problem.
What makes SHA256 and similar hash functions, of the same family, ...
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1answer
736 views
What is the use of SCRAM-SHA-256 (over SCRAM-SHA-1)?
The Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism (SCRAM) specified in RFC 5802 can use arbitrary hash functions to operate. The base version from RFC 5802 uses SHA-1.
From my understanding, ...
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1answer
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For two LUKS volumes made with the same password, can stealing the encryption key from one volume allow access to the other?
A running computer has two LUKS volumes that were made with the same password. One volume is open (key is in RAM), the other is closed.
If the running computer is stolen, is the closed volume safe?
...
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1answer
59 views
How to name a signature algorithm that has no hashed component
I have an API-based service that digitally signs messages with RSA or ECDSA (system decides during runtime). The input is base64 encoded SHA-256 hash and the output is:
signature of this hash
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1answer
74 views
What pieces of information do you need to unhash a key to find out the original message?
I am very new to the hashing world and despite hours of research (AKA Googling) I still don't understand this piece of information. What are the different pieces of information that are needed in ...
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1answer
245 views
Use partial hash to verify entire hash
I've had an idea about storing parts of SHA256 hashes and I'd like to find out how secure it is, or how much less secure it is than storing the entire hash.
For example, users can share this list of ...
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1answer
906 views
Hash Collision Probabilities
Please give help! how can I calculate the probability of collision? I need a mathematical equation for my studying.
Assume, I am using SHA256 to hash 100-bits. Thus:
SHA256 {100} = 256-bits (hash ...
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1answer
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Is it possible to convert the output of sha256 hash to binary or decimal value? [closed]
Can the output value of the sha256 hash function be converted to binary or decimal number? I know that the output is a set of 256bits. Is it possible to convert the output data to an unique ...
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2answers
284 views
If you wrote a reversible SHA-256 algorithm, how many “metadata” bits would be required for reversability?
I was reading about reversible computing while thinking about FPGA circuits. I realized that it would be possible to write a reversible SHA-256 algorithm if you stored some additional information as "...
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1answer
3k views
What are the consequences of removing a single byte from a sha256 hash?
I'm working on a system (Ethereum) where it is significantly cheaper to store 32 bytes than 33 bytes. I'd like to create a table where data is stored based on its hash.
Sha256 would meet this ...
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1answer
419 views
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11answers
15k views
How do hashes really ensure uniqueness?
This might seem an impractical and unnecessary conversation, but I feel it's something I need to clarify. Especially, as I just got my first developer job in a blockchain startup.
So hashes are said ...
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1answer
896 views
Is SHA1 secured enough as a PRNG
I read SHA1 is still a secured hashing function with no collision found as of now. However, it's just a matter of time for someone to come up with such a collision or attack. Therefore, in new ...
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1answer
265 views
Practical quantum attacks on SHA256 MAC and HMAC
Is SHA256 MAC (or HMAC) vulnerable to any quantum attacks?
Game setup:
The attacker's goal is to produce a valid MAC to be accepted by other devices in the ecosystem. The ecosystem consists of ...
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2answers
186 views
Can I find the IV of a single block of SHA256, given the plaintext and digest?
Each 512-bit block of SHA256 takes an initialization vector (IV) and message schedule and returns a digest. Knowing the message schedule and resulting digest, is it feasible to reverse the algorithm ...
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5answers
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How many hex digits do I need to compare when manually checking hash functions?
I sometimes run sha256sum on large files after transferring them from one place to another, and will just skim the hash output to verify it's correct. But, I usually just look at the first/last 5 or 6 ...
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1answer
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Signing with RSA-SHA256 algorithm using EC keys
Is it practical to sign a data using RSA-SHA256 algorithm with EC keys?
I used a small NodeJS script and crypto module (uses openSSL internally) to test this and I could successfully sign the data ...
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2answers
467 views
VeraCrypt a weak point [closed]
Biggest flaw in VeraCrypt(or other Encryption programs) is Hash Algorithm.
VeraCrypt hashes (SHA,Whirlpool,Streebog) it is the only point where can break an encrypted disk. Because break algorithm (...
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1answer
87 views
Why is a 1 added after the message input and before adding padding zeros (if necessary) when using SHA256 or RIPEMD160? [duplicate]
In preparing an input for SHA256 or RIPEMD-160 a single bit (1) is appended to the message before adding any necessary zero padding and before adding the bitlength (64 bits) to form 1 or more 512 bit ...
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1answer
462 views
SHA's finite character set and collision
From what I've researched, SHA's hex encoded string contains the characters [a-fA-F0-9]. If we represent it in Base64, it can contain ...
