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OK, for clarity I'll quickly summarize your scenario: You have the key and know the encryption algorithm. You have 60% of the cipher text of an image encrypted under above key and algorithm. You see …

how long do you recommend a password or phrase to be when using WinRar? This very much depends on how you choose your passwords. The "right" answer can be anything from 11 characters to 200 cha …

I read about exploit in case of weak keys and reflection keys attack. … than with normal keys). …

. *: Actually more often than not you don't want your high-value or encryption keys to be completely without backup as to allow recovery of plaintexts or continuation of operation in case the HSM dies … , which is why HSMs tend to have mechanisms that allow to securely backup keys, unlike smart cards which instead require you to backup keys before putting them onto the card. …

The Professor has really confused me here on this one on what the $\log 2$ mean? formula: $\text{Entropy} = \log(\text{Phrases})/\log 2$ If I understand the problem correctly, you are asking wh …

Yes, this idea is good, even though it's usually considered with only one key from which you derive all your following keys. … keys and b) this solution is worse than simply hashing all $N$ keys in one go (combined with some identifier to ensure uniqueness) and use the derived value, because if only a portion of the keys (i.e. …

This is obviously bad, as we can reasonably brute-force the keys (of interest). … That is, all private keys would be encrypted using different keys derived from different salts and the same password. …

Before we get into the key storage and management issues, I wanted to clarify the scheme that is proposed in the linked article, to make sure it is clear what we are talking about. Let's assume we get …

However this would mean that the e.g. 11 round keys are stored in reverse order for encryption and decryption! … Furthermore for actual AES-NI based implementations you'd go one step further and pre-process your decryption round keys due to the way the hardware decryption instructions work (see e.g. this Intel guide …

First, you wouldn't call it a one-time-pad any longer if you reused the key. Second the security of the OTP can only be proven if the key is as long as the message. (which wouldn't be the case if you' …

Well PBKDF is for deriving keys from passwords, you don't need it if your master keys are already safe, just use something like HKDF. … Using seperate keys means to use keys which share no known relation (hashing doesn't count). …

I don't know why do they change like this every time i run the exact same piece of code again and again. What you are actually doing here (under the hood) is most likely using a cryptographic sys …

To summarize from the comments: How Can the adversary mount a successful impersonation attack and communicate with B on behalf of A? Answer: If you know the session key, and presuming that s …

In these protocols, the symmetric key is usually used to derive encryption and authentication keys and these are used to encrypt and authenticate messages between the parties. …

So how is it possible for you and VPN provider to communicate a key without ISP knowing [that you are communicating]? You can't. The ISP will always see that there is some traffic going on. Whe …