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Multi-party computation (MPC) allows a set of parties, each with a private input, to securely and jointly perform any computation over their inputs.

18 votes

Simulation based proofs: Simple examples

I have written a tutorial on how to write simulation-based proofs. I think that it should be helpful.
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
15 votes

What are the roles of the simulator in simulation based proofs

In general, the role of the simulator in simulation-based proofs is to show that the real protocol behaves like some idealized one. Actually, simulation goes back to the original definition of semanti …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
12 votes
Accepted

The main differences between Sketch of Proof and Full proof

The answer to this question is not straightforward and has a lot to do with the "conference culture" of computer science. Unlike other fields, the main publication venues for CS are conferences and no …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
10 votes
Accepted

Simulation Based Proof: What Can / Can not Simulator Do?

There is quite a bit of confusion in your question. First, differentiate between the real and ideal models. The adversary in the ideal model sends the adversary's input and gets its output (and can al …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
10 votes

How to securely compute AES where the key is splitted across different servers?

If you only use secret sharing, then upon reconstruction the key could be stolen. Therefore, secure multiparty computation can be used. There are many different methods, depending on your setting. If …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
9 votes
Accepted

Difference between secure function evaluation and private function evaluation?

You will find similar terminology interchanged a lot in this field. So, secure multiparty computation can take the acronym MPC, SFE, SMC and so on. In general, you should look at each paper closely to …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
9 votes
Accepted

Importance of round complexity in determining the efficiency of an MPC protocol

First note that all polynomial-time functions can be securely computed with a constant number of rounds (Yao and BMR families) and all can be securely computed with protocols that have rounds dependen …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

What is an example of a secure sigma proof?

Sigma protocols as-is are secure only for honest verifiers. However, they can be easily compiled into full-blown zero knowledge protocols. If you don't want interaction, then the Fiat-Shamir transform …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

2 party AND computation under passive perfect security

The intuition behind the proof is as follows. Since the output of AND equals 0 when party P2 has input 0, then the transcript is distributed identically when P1 has input 0 and when P2 has input 1. Li …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
7 votes
Accepted

Optimal threshold for passive and perfect security

The way to extend the proof to arbitrary $t,n$ and this threshold is as follows. Assume that there exists a protocol for any $n$ parties that withstands a threshold of $t=n/2$ corrupted parties, for c …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
7 votes
Accepted

Secure function evaluation for Boolean formulae

For log-depth circuits, it is possible to use an information-theoretic version of Yao's garbled circuits. Note that in a garbled gate, each key is used to encrypt twice. Thus, if the keys on the input …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

Are covert and rational adversaries same?

As the previous answer says, they are certainly NOT the same. However, there is certainly a connection between them. Specifically, the covert model just says that there is a deterrent parameter $\epsi …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

SPDZ protocol: how expensive is it to generate the multiplicative triples?

The answer to your question can be found in a SPDZ follow up paper; it is described as contribution (2) in the intro (top of page 2). There is a new version of SPDZ called MASCOT that uses OT instead …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

Relaxing Semi-Honest Security in Multiparty Computation

I'm not sure that the issue here is uniform versus non-uniform, but I'll address this first. It is possible to provide a uniform definition. In order to see what it would look like, I recommend readin …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

An example of of an information theoretically secure protocol that is not cryptographically ...

In order for information-theoretic security to imply computational security, you need to require that the simulator run in time that is polynomial in the running time of the real adversary. This is th …
Yehuda Lindell's user avatar

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